Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
1994-06-20_COUNCIL PACKET
AGENDA EDINA HOUSING AND REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY EDINA CITY COUNCIL JUNE 20, 1994 7:00 P.K. ROLLCALL ADOPTION OF CONSENT AGENDA - Adoption of the Consent Agenda is made by the Commissioners as to HRA items and by the Council Members as to Council items. All agenda items marked with an asterisk ( *) and in bold print are Consent Agenda items and are considered to be routine and will be enacted by one motion. There will be no separate discussion of such items unless a Commissioner or Council Member or citizen so requests, in which case the item will be removed from the Consent Agenda and considered in its normal sequence of the Agenda. * I. APPROVAL OF MINUTES of HRA Meeting of June 6, 1994 III. PAYMENT OF HRA CLAIMS as per pre -list dated 06/15/94 Total: $545.35 IV. ADJOURNMENT EDINA CITY COUNCIL COMMENDATION - Girls' High School Golf Team I. APPROVAL OF MINUTES of Regular Council Meeting of June 6, 1994 II. PUBLIC HEARING ON PROPOSED IMPROVEMENT Affidavits of Notice by Clerk. Presentation by Engineer. Public comment heard. Motion to close hearing. If Council wishes to proceed, action by resolution. 3/5 favorable rollcall vote of all members of Council required to pass if improvement petitioned for; 4/5 favorable rollcall vote required if no petition. A. Sidewalk Replacement Improvement No. 5 -66 - Country Club District III. PUBLIC HEARINGS AND REPORTS ON PLANNING MATTERS - Affidavits of Notice by Clerk. Presentation by Planner. Public comment heard. Motion to close hearing. Zoning_ -. Ordinance: First and Second Reading requires 4/5 favorable rollcall vote of all members of Council to pass. Waiver of Second Reading: 4/5 favorable rollcall of all members of Council required to pass. Final Development Plan Approval of Property Zoned Planned District: 3/5 favorable rollcall vote required to pass. Conditional Use Permit: 3/5 favorable rollcall vote required to pass. A. Partial Release of Conservation Restriction - Mark Dalquist Addition B. Final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat Approval - Lewis Ridge Townhomes, Lot 2, Block 1 and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge IV. SPECIAL CONCERNS OF RESIDENTS A. Sewer Backup - Brad Teslow, 4111 West 62nd Street B. Herbicide Spraying - Kristine McKeon - Rohma, 7301 Oaklawn Avenue F Jam. Agenda Edina City Council June 20, 1994 Page Two V. AWARD OF BIDS * A. 1994 Shade Tree Disease Control Contract * - B. Diseased Tree Removal and Stump Grinding * C. Independence Day Fireworks * D. Property Insurance E. General Liability, Liquor Liability, Business Automobile and Workers' Compensation Insurance VI. RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS A. Approval of Traffic Safety Staff Report of June 14, 1994 1. Resolution for Speed Study on W. 78th Street by MNDOT B. Clearview Violation /Spruce Tree - 6200 Chowen Avenue * C. Ragers Teen Dance Organization (Proposal Withdrawn at Sponsor's Request) D. Appointments to Community Education Services Board * E. Feasibility Report - Valley Lane Sidewalk Improvement - Set Hearing Date (07/05/94) F. Outdoor Dining - 50th & France VII. PETITIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS * A. Petition to Vacate Storm Sewer Easement - Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition - Set Hearing Date (07/18/94) VIII. INTERGOVERNMENTAL ACTIVITIES A. City of Afton - LMCIT /Litigation Expenses IX. SPECIAL CONCERNS OF MAYOR AND COUNCIL X. MANAGER'S MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS XI. FINANCE A. Payment of Claims as per pre -list dated 06/17/94 Total: $1,541,457.31 and for confirmation of payment of Claims dated 06/08/94 Total: $327,183.60 SCHEDULE OF UPCOMING MEETINGS /EVENTS Mon July 4 INDEPENDENCE DAY - CITY HALL CLOSED Tues July 5 Regular Council Meeting Mon July 18 Regular Council Meeting Mon Aug 1 Regular Council Meeting Mon Aug 15 Regular Council Meeting 7:00 P.M. Council Chambers 7:00 P.M. Council Chambers 7:00 P.M. Council Chambers 7:00 P.M. Council Chambers MINUTES OF THE EDINA HOUSING AND REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY JUNE 6, 1994 ROLLCALL Answering rollcall were Commissioners Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith and Richards. CONSENT AGENDA ITEMS ADOPTED Motion was made by Commissioner Kelly and was seconded by Commissioner Rice to approve the ERA Consent Agenda items as presented. Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. *MINUTES OF BRA MEETING OF JUNE 6. 1994, APPROVED Motion was made by Commissioner. Kelly and was seconded by Commissioner Rice to approve the ERA Minutes of June 6, 1994, as presented. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. *HEARING DATE SET OF JULY 5. 1994, FOR GRANDVIEV AREA PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS Motion was made by Commissioner Kelly and was seconded by Commissioner Rice setting a hearing date of July 5, 1994, for Grandview Area Public Improvements. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. CLAIMS PAID Commissioner Kelly made a motion to approve payment of the BRA claims as shown in detail on the Check Register dated June 1, 1994, and consisting of one page totalling $16,311.44. Motion was seconded by Commissioner Smith. Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. There being no further business on the HRA Agenda, Chairman Richards declared the meeting adjourned. Executive Director City of Edina 06/15/94 O P E N H O L D A/ P /4p)9 /7 CHECK REGISTER Page 1 WED, JUN 15, 1994, 10:30 PM --- req: LINDAD ------ loc: ED- FINCE ---- job: 10438 #J299 ---------- prog: CK200 <1.07 > - - -- report id: CKREG - -- Check Payee ID. Payee Name Date Check Amount Type Subs Rel To Note 13 012575 VOID.START Void - Starter Check 06/20/94 0.00 VM OH Void 13 012576 VOID.START Void - Starter Check .06/20/94 0.00 VM OH Void 13 012577 VOID.START Void - Starter Check 06/20/94 0.00 VM OH Void 13 012578 4846 CASPERS, MARILYN 06/20/94 30.00 MW OH 13 012579 1261 DEPENDABLE COURIER 06/20/94 17.18 MW OH 13 012580 1331 FACILITY SYSTEMS 06/20/94 468.17 MW OH 13 012581 4847 PIRKL, DEBBIE 06/20/94 30.00 MW OH S U B T O T A L S: Total Void Machine Written 0.00 Number of Checks Processed: 3 Total Void Hand Written 0.00 Number of Checks Processed: 0 Total Machine Written 545.35 Number of Checks Processed: 4 Total Hand Written 0.,00 Number of Checks Processed: 0 Total Reversals 0.00 Number of Checks Processed: 0 Total Cancelled Checks 0.00 Number of Checks Processed: 0 T O T A L 545.35 o e Cn IBF38 RESOLUTION OF COMMENDATION EDINA HIGH SCHOOL 1994 GIRLS' GOLF TEAM WHEREAS, the Edina High School 1994 Girls' Golf Team were Classic Lake Champions, Section 6AA Champions, State Champions and Section 6AA Academic Champions; and WHEREAS, success has come to the members of the Team, because of their extraordinary ability, hours of practice and the leadership of their coaches; and WHEREAS, as representatives of the City of Edina, the members of the Team exemplified the highest standards of athletic proficiency and good sportsmanship. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Edina City Council that sincere congratulations be extended to the members of the Team: Kalen Anderson Coaches: Laurie Engelking Doug Galligher Anne Faust Ed Hammersten Pinata Hungspreugs Jacquie Morton Director: Emily Reinertsen Steve Dove BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this resolution be recorded in the Minutes of the Edina City Council and that copies be given to members of the Team. ADOPTED this 20th day of June, 1994. MAYOR A, MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING OF THE EDINA CITY COUNCIL HELD AT CITY HALL JUNE 6, 1994 ROLLCALL Answering rollcall were Members Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith and Mayor Richards. CONSENT AGENDA ITEMS APPROVED Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice to approve the Council Consent Agenda as presented with the exception of removal of Item VI.A. - Petition for Partial Release of Conservation Restriction, Mark Dalquist Addition - Set Hearing Date (6/20/94). Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. *MINUTES OF REGULAR COUNCIL MEETING OF MAY 16, 1994 AND CLOSED COUNCIL MEETING OF MAY 16, 1994 APPROVED Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice to approve the minutes of the Regular Council Meeting of May 16, 1994, and Closed Council Meeting of May 16, 1994. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. *HEARING DATE SET FOR PLANNING MATTER Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice setting June 20, 1994, as hearing date for the following planning matter: 1) Final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat Approval for Lewis Ridge Townhomes - Lot 2, Block 1 and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. CONCERN EXPRESSED FOR PEDESTRIANS CROSSING HALIFAX AVENUE AT 51ST STREET Seth Witts, 5113 Indianola Avenue, stated he had lived at that address for '54 years and was concerned that pedestrians attempting to cross Halifax at 51st Street are in danger because the Lunds building obscures the view of the traffic coming from France Avenue. He said the neighborhood has changed and the area is now comprised of families with young children. The crosswalk at Halifax and 50th signal is not used because pedestrians will not walk that much further to cross. Mr. Witts said a STOP sign that would stop the traffic traveling westerly on 51st Street at that location would be helpful in averting tragedy. Sherry Burgdorf, 5012 Arden Avenue, said she formerly lived on Indianola Avenue and had the same concern. The plan might be to cross at the light at 50th /France but that does not happen. Also, there is no sidewalk on the west side of Halifax and walking is especially dangerous in winter. She asked that something be done to lessen the extreme risk in that location. Engineer Hoffman indicated that Traffic Safety Coordinator Swanson had looked at this area recently and suggested the issue be revisited at a future Council meeting. Mayor Richards asked staff to notice Mr. Witts and Ms. Bergdorf when the issue will again be on the Council agenda. RESIDENT CONCERN REGARDING CLEAR VIEWSPRUCE TREE AT 6200 CHOWEN AVENUE SOUTH Tim Davis, 6200 Chowen Avenue South, explained that on June 3, 1994, he was served with a notice of violation of Code Section 1405. Specifically, the lower branches of a blue spruce tree on his property obstructs the clear view of motorists at the intersection. He stated he was opposed to the City's position for the following reasons: 1) The corner of 62nd and Chowen has a north /south STOP sign allowing a clear view of 62nd Street for motorists who stop. 2) This is a low traffic neighborhood - he is aware of no accidents that have J occurred at this intersection. 3) Trimming the tree would spoil the aesthetics of the tree. The University of Minnesota has told them that blue spruce trees need the lower branches to support upper branches that carry the weight of snow. 4) Approximately 40 neighbors have signed a petition in support of their position that the tree be left alone. They use the intersection and do not feel the tree obstructs their view. Manager Rosland told Council that upon receipt of a citizen complaint staff had checked the intersection and found that the subject tree is in violation of the clear view ordinance. Mayor Richards suggested that the City Attorney advise Council as to what discretion the City may have under the ordinance and that the complainant be advised that the matter will be heard by the Council on June 20, 1994. Member Rice added that a report from Public Safety on the issues at the intersection would be helpful. Member Smith made a motion that the matter of the clearview violation at 6200 Chowen Avenue be continued to the meeting of June 20, 1994. Motion was seconded by Member Kelly. Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. *BID AWARDED FOR STORM SEVER IMPROVEMENT NOS. STS -217. STS -228, STS -232, STS -233, STS -234. STS -235 & STS -236 (CONTRACT 94 -3) Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice for award of bid for Storm Sewer Improvements Nos. STS -217, STS -228, STS -232, STS -233, STS -234, STS -235, & STS -236 (Contract 94 -3) to recommended low bidder, Dave Perkins Contracting, Inc., at $214,563.00. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. *BID AWARDED FOR PARKIAWN AVENUE IMPROVEMENT BA -303 PHASE I Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice for award of bid for Parklawn Avenue Improvement No. BA -303 Phase I, to sole bidder, Midwest Asphalt Corporation,'at $124,675.50. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. PARK BOARD RECOIOEMATION CONCERNING RAGERS TEEN DANCE ORGANIZATION AND REQUEST FOR PARTIAL FUNDING BY COUNCIL CONTINUED TO JUNE 20, 1994 Park and Recreation Director Keprios explained that "The Ragers" is a group of dedicated volunteers organized by Dawn Kerrison who are working for a drug /alcohol free recreational activity for teenagers. In 1993, the City of Edina assisted this group to help them organize and implement teen dances that were held at the Lewis Engineering building site. Several months ago Ms. Kerrison approached the City asking for assistance to establish a more long lasting organization. Director Keprios said he had attended their meetings to help identify needs, establish a mission, bylaws and goals. The Park Board at their April meeting suggested that Ms. Kerrison attempt to form an organized board to see if there was enough community support to formalize a board of directors for The Ragers organization. At the Park Board meeting of May 10, 1994, Ms. Kerrison made a formal proposal to the Park Board and showed that there was a lot of support from the community to form a board. The Park Board recommended that the Council approve the acceptance of "The Ragers" as a bona fide incorporated association under the guidance of the Edina Park and Recreation Department and that the Park and Recreation Department provide services and support to the Ragers organization similar to that which is currently provided to Edina's youth athletic associations. Services would include: 1) clerical (photocopying, typing, mailing), 2) professional Park and Recreation staff advisor to attend Board meetings, and 3) limited maintenance U assistance. Director Keprios said Ms. Kerrison and members of the board would make a formal presentation to Council for financial support from the City. Dawn Kerrison presented the proposal of "The Ragers" Association as presented to the Park Board which included a mission statement, goals and objectives for 1994. The group's mission is to plan, organize, promote and implement special recreation events that are fun and safe while at the same time are drug, alcohol and tobacco free for rising 7th through 12th grade students. She elaborated that 13, 14, and 15 year olds need a safe, common meeting ground for socializing during these difficult years when peer group pressure is at its peak. In order to meet this need, the Ragers dances were started last year. The City gave support on a dance by dance basis and the group secured the backing of many committed Edina parents, businesses and local organizations. It was found that all these efforts were worthwhile.' Not only did the kids have fun in a safe place, but they were eager for that kind of experience. Ms. Kerrison emphasized that the. current drug and alcohol problem among Edina teenagers is widespread. Kathy Iverson, Ragers board member, past chair of the Edina Parent Communication Network, and member of the Edina Chemical Health Advisory Committee, gave statistics on chemical use in Edina as follows: Minnesota Student Health Survey (Edina grades 6, 9 and 12 - Fall 1992) 1) Alcohol is the drug of choice. 2) Five percent of 6th graders, 14 percent of 9th graders and 36 percent of 12th graders report regular use of alcohol (at least once a month). 3) Statistically, youth who begin drinking before age 18 are more susceptible to alcoholism. 4) Tobacco use is a gateway to the use of other drugs. Three percent of 6th graders, 18 percent of-9th graders and 27 percent of 12th graders report regular tobacco use. 5) Two percent of 9th graders and 11 percent of 12th graders report regular use of marijuana. Ms. Iverson pointed out that Edina teenagers also socialize and develop friendships with others who live outside the Edina community. The Minnesota Student Health Survey for Hennepin County in 1989 indicated that 70 percent of 9th through 12th graders in Hennepin County have used alcohol - 38 percent drink at least once a month. Community leaders say alcohol use is the most serious problem affecting young people and that alcohol - related problems (DWI) and crime are their top concerns. At -risk indicators of a "Respecteen Survey" for Edina grades 6 through 12 in the fall of 1993 reflected high percentages of daily cigarette use, frequent use of illegal drugs, vandalism and theft. Vandalism and theft frequently follow when teenagers have used chemicals. The Hennepin County Community Prevention Coalition has identified 12 problem areas regarding chemical use by youth in the County. Three of these relate specifically to the recreation needs of teens: 1) lack of chemically free activities for our youth, 2) inadequate role models or mentors for our youth, and 3) unclear community norms and standards for youth chemical use. In summary, Ms. Iverson concluded that the Ragers dances provide a model for hosting chemically free events that parents can adopt in their own homes when chaperoning teen parties. Ragers dances provide a chemical free event in the summer when no other teen activities are being held. Ragers dances provide older role models and mentors for chemically free life styles in the form of the bouncers. Ragers dances also provide the opportunity for the community to send out a message that we care about our kids and endorse a chemically free life style for them. Ragers dances provide a cost savings to Edina taxpayers by helping to hold down crime, insurance costs and taxes. Ragers dances provide a change in the norms of experience so that peer group pressure will be positive. Ragers dances provide our youth with the security of clear boundaries and guidelines. Dawn Kerrison then explained the boundaries and guidelines for the proposed six Ragers dances in 1994 that would provide safety and fun for Edina's teenagers as follows. Attendees limited to 250, tickets must be purchased in advance, open to Edina 7th through 9th graders and pre- approved guests, rules of behavior will be posted and enforced, no use of alcohol /drugs will be tolerated at or prior to dance, no smoking permitted at dance. Fun Elements - dances will take place at off -beat location, parent chaperons not allowed inside dance, kids,.can drink their fill of root beer, dancing and music by disc jockey, bouncers are college students kids can look up to. Safety Elements - 20 parents will take tickets and chaperon, 10 -12 paid bouncers will enforce behavior rules, kids cannot leave dance until parent /responsible adult picks them up, two police officers, will deal appropriately with any chemical use by working with the Park and Recreation Director, the D.A.R.E. officer and The Ragers Board of Directors. Ms. Kerrison concluded by observing that although these goals are ambitious, they have learned from last year's success that they are attainable. To assure continued success, Ms. Kerrison said they need the support of the City Council. Bob King, The Ragers board member, asked the Council to approve the Park Board recommendation and to also provide funding in the amount of $5,000.00 in support of the preliminary Ragers 1994 Budget for six dances as follows: INCOME: Ticket sales ($6.50 per ticket, 150 tickets $5,805 per dance, six dances) EXPENSES: Insurance (nonrecurring) $2,040 Recurring: Mailing D.J. music Sanitation unit Police (off duty) Bouncers Printing Miscellaneous GAIN /LOSS 2,580 2,070 660 1,470 1,500 408 120 $8.808 TOTAL EXPENSES $10,848 ($4,998) Ms. Kerrison concluded the presentation by noting that teenagers in Edina are susceptible to the dangers of adolescence. While not drinking or using drugs themselves, they are watching and are being put into situations where they can get high on the excitement of seeing their friends get "high ". Parents are worried about their kids, not because they are down on them, but because they are for them. That means for kids dancing, flirting, acting crazy and uninhibited, laughing, shouting and having a "blast "; for kids enjoying their music and feeling free to be themselves. The Ragers group believe they can be for all these things and still be for kids seeing their parents in charge, for kids having a place to strengthen their convictions developed in D.A.R.E., for kids being kids but being safe from drug addition or being in the wrong place ,simply because there is no right place to go, for helping kids who want to make wise choices. The Ragers organization should be supported for all these reasons, it is well organized, has a creative yet common sense approach and with the Council's support can help kids bypass all the perils and pitfalls of adolescence. Council Comment Member Rice said that while he supported the program personally, as a Council Member he had reservations about tax dollars /being used in this manner because to his knowledge, no public money support is given to other community organizations with similar goals, e.g. YMCA, Boy /Girl Scouts, ABC, churches, Camp Fire Girls, arts and theater groups. He said he understood the Park Board's recommendation and felt that the City has provided administrative support, help and guidance. Member Smith recalled similar type programs in the City over the years past and the various degrees of the City's involvement such as police officers, staff advisors, clerical or financial. He said The Ragers organization should recognize that the philosophy in this community for athletic associations has always been pay as you go. He concurred that teenagers now are subject to outside influences that are not the same as today's adults experienced at that age. Member Smith said that while he felt the City should invest some funds in the Rager dances to get them established, costs for maintenance, rent and. insurance fees should be the responsibility of the association. He suggested that The Ragers organization seriously consider potential funding through The Edina Foundation and other fund raising efforts. Although in favor of the proposal, Member Smith -said he had some concern with the number of kids that would be reached through this program for. the $5,000.00 being requested from the City. Member Paulus asked what the City's exposure would be concerning liability. Attorney Gilligan opined that the City should be shielded from liability if The Ragers organization remained a private association that would plan and organize the dances with only a financial contribution by the City. If the organization were put under the auspices of the Park and Recreation Department, the liability threshold may be crossed. Member_ Paulus said she questioned whether the Ragers dances are representative of the community's norms and values. She emphasized that parents must buy into this program more actively than merely buying a $6.50 ticket for an organization to babysit their child. Considering the numbers of parents who supply alcohol to their children for social purposes and the way the community reacts to alcohol use, the norms and values must be made stronger. Member Paulus said she also had a concern that only a small percentage of Edina's youth would participate in The Rager dances and would be judged as the "good kids ". Further, the greatest percentage of Edina's population do not have children and may not agree that $5,000.00 of public money should be used for this purpose. If Council approves this "seed" money to The Ragers organization, Member Paulus said the Board should be challenged to pay back the $5,000.00 one year from now. Member Paulus said it was important that the community see that students and parents are buying into this by their fund raising efforts and she would support the request on that basis. Member Kelly commented that there are many opportunities within the City for children to see role models with clear standards and to participate in chemical free activities, e.g. dances sponsored by the schools, churches, and the "Y ". She said she could not support the proposal as she felt the parents should get behind the existing youth dances and not establish yet another organization for participation by approximately 150 students. Further, that young people are not taught responsibility by attending two -hour dances six times a year and could not justify the $5,000.00 for this program. Mayor Richards said that, although he believed that those who benefit from a program should pay for it, he felt the Ragers dances is a healthy concept and deserves support, not unlike other programs through the City's Park and Recreation Department. He suggested that it be funded by a joint effort with $5,000.00 from City funds and $5,000.00 from the users, with public funds allocated on a dance by dance basis. Mayor Richards added that we also need to be mindful of the rules by which the dances will be conducted so as to be consistent with the past. Public Comment Speaking in support of The Ragers dances and in response to the.Council comments were: Erin Brown, 9th grader at Southview Middle School; Ann Hutchins, Chemical Health Coordinator at Blake School; Art Novak, 4225 Alden Drive; Betsy Flaten, 4601 Lakeview Drive, Chemical Health Advisory Committee Chair; Chad Kerrison, St. Thomas Academy; Erin Zachman, 8th grader at Valley View Middle School; Denise McNaught, 5902 Olinger Road; Rene Garvin Brown, 4620 Woodland Road; Cammy Kerrison, 7th grader at Valley View Middle School; Vince Barrett, 4608 Arden Avenue; Katy Lorenz, 8th grader at South View Middle School; Mark Lande, 9th grader at Breck School; Jan Buth, 4700 Sunnyside Road; Denise Golden, 5712 Camelback Drive; and Ben Dillon. Bob King concluded by asking for the City's partnership in the program and telling Council that The Ragers organization is willing to be creative in the use of any funding from the City. Council Action Member Smith said he would like to see this proposal go forward with the parameters suggested by Council, to be established by staff. Member Kelly said she had worked on the problem of youth /drugs /alcohol for many years, has seen money from the school district, county and the city being used and the problem has not gotten better. However, if the Ragers dances are the . magic to solve these concerns, she would not object to some funding by the City. She emphasized that young people, together with their parents, need to take some responsibility for themselves and not expect the City to solve these problems. Member Paulus said she agreed with Member Smith that this be approved now and that the total funding requested be made available by the City rather than allocated on a dance by dance basis so that The Ragers board can proceed with their planning for all six dances without further delay. She suggested that because of the energy being invested, a subcommittee of parents work to broaden this effort beyond just the dances, i.e., into the schools and the D.A.R.E. program. Mayor Richards reiterated that he felt the funding reques,ted from the City should be allocated on a dance by dance basis. Member Smith made a motion that The Ragers organization, working with City staff, bring back a report to the City Council on June 20, 1994, on the following issues: 1) legal and organization matters, 2) site location, 3) dance rules of conduct, and 4) budget and funding for all six Rager dances proposed for 1994, for consideration by the Council to (i) accept "The Ragers" as an association under the guidance of the Edina Park and Recreation Department, and (U) to provide funding in the amount of $5,000.00 for the 1994 season. Motion was seconded by Member Kelly. Member Rice said he would not support the motion for the reasons he had given earlier. He offered personally to match the first $500.00 that is raised by the organization. Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Smith, Richards Nays: Rice Motion carried. PUBLIC HEARING HELD: ARROWHEAD LAKE FISH STOCKING /AERATION EOIIIPMENT IMPROVEMENT NO. AO -94 ORDERED Presentation by Assistant City Manager Assistant Manager Hughes advised that a request had been received from the Arrowhead Lake Improvement Association to undertake the stocking of Arrowhead Lake with game fish and the installation of an aeration system. A notice of public hearing providing background information and cost estimates for the project was mailed to all lakeside property owners. The proposed aeration system is similar to the system which was installed in Indianhead Lake several years ago. The principal benefit from such a system is to prevent the winter -kill of fish due to depleted oxygen levels. Although some suppliers claim that aeration systems reduce aquatic weed and algae growth, a recently completed study by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources with the assistance of the University of Minnesota and Barr Engineering Company found little evidence to support this. The exact composition of game fish which will be stocked in Arrowhead Lake has not been determined; presumably, it will be a combination of bass and bluegills. Since there is no public access to Arrowhead Lake, the stocking program will provide recreational fishing for lakeside homeowners and their guests. The estimated cost for stocking and aeration is $12,000.00 proposed to be assessed back to the 31 lakeside homeowners. As part of this year's treatment program, the City has contracted for the harvesting of aquatic weeds in Arrowhead Lake at an estimated cost of $3,500.00. In order to provide access for the weed harvester, the City constructed a ramp and channel at the south end of the lake at a cost of $8,792.00. One -half of this cost was paid by the City with the remaining one -half to be assessed against lakeside residents. In order to defray the cost of this year's work, the City proposes to spread the cost of the aeration /stocking and the'access ramp /channel over two years. Therefore, if the stocking /aeration project is approved, each lakeside property owner would bear a 1994 assessment of approximately $380.00. In the past, such assessments have been equal for each dwelling unit. Some homeowners have suggested that a more equitable assessment would-be based on the amount of shoreline owned by each individual home. Such a method would provide a very large assessment against one undeveloped property which joins the northeasterly portion of the lake. Given this circumstance, an assessment levied on a dwelling unit basis would be most appropriate. If the project is authorized, installation of the aeration system and fish stocking would take place this summer. Assistant Manager Hughes reported a phone call from David Halla, for his mother Mrs. Selmer Halla, who wished to go on record opposing the project. Also, a letter dated May 31, 1994, was received from Lee Heutmaker, 6429 Margarets Lane, supporting the project and asking the City to consider funding a portion of the weed- cutting process. Public Comment John McCauley, 6416. McCauley Circle, spoke to his letter in objection to the project. He said Arrowhead Lake is only seven feet at the deepest point and will not sustain fish. The proposed project would just be an added expense for the homeowners on the lake. He agreed that the weed cutting is fine but fish stocking and aeration would not improve the water quality or enhance the lake. Mark Peterson, 6604 Indian Hills Road, President of Arrowhead Lake Improvement Association, said the proposal is a result of a committee study that found in addition to the weed - cutting, fish stocking and aeration would provide additional assistance in maintaining water quality. All 31 association members were surveyed resulting in overwhelming support for the project. Also speaking in support of the project were Peter Calott, 6405 McCauley Circle; Allen Cater, 6316 Post Lane; and Henry Prevot, 6728 Indian,Hills Road. Member Kelly made a motion to adopt the following resolution: RESOLUTION ORDERING FISH STOCKING /AERATION EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT NO. AQ -94 BE IT RESOLVED by the Council of the City of Edina, Minnesota, that this Council heretofore caused notice of hearing to be mailed to owners of each parcel within the area proposed to be assessed on the following proposed improvement: FISH STOCKING /AERATION EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT NO. AQ -94 and at the hearing held at the time and place specified in said notice, the Council has duly considered the views of all persons interested, and being fully advised of.the pertinent facts, does hereby determine to proceed with the said improvement including all proceedings which may be necessary in eminent domain for the acquisition of necessary easements and rights for such construction and maintenance of such improvement; that said improvement is hereby designated and shall be referred to in all subsequent proceedings as FISH STOCKING /AERATION EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT NO.,AQ -94 and the area to be specially assessed therefor shall include all dwelling units abutting Arrowhead Lake on a per unit basis: Motion was seconded by Member Rice. Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. PUBLIC HEARING HELD: DOG AT 6400 MCCAULEY CIRCLE DECLARED POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS Presentation by Chief of Police Chief Bernhjelm reported that residents of 6309 Post Lane by letter dated May 2, 1994, to the Animal Control Officer asked that the dog at 6400 McCauley Circle be destroyed as a dangerous animal. Animal Control Officer Elasky investigated and verified one bite and five to seven incidents when the dog threatened people off its own property. Peter and Rosemary Recht, 6400 McCauley Circle, owners of the dog, have taken some preventative steps and feel the dog will no longer be a problem. The dog meets the definition of potentially dangerous dog. Declaring the dog potentially dangerous would put the owners on notice that further attacks would result in a dangerous dog hearing with strict penalties if substantiated. The potentially dangerous designation carries no immediate penalties. Staff would recommend that the border collie at 6400 McCauley Circle be declared. a potentially dangerous dog under Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 347. Response by Owner Peter Recht, 6400 McCauley Circle, said they have had the dog for four years and there were no complaints until the property across the street was developed. Because prior to that they had taken the dog to run on the undeveloped property, the dog became confused about his boundaries. Mr. Recht told Council that since the complaint, they have taken steps to rectify the situation by installing an invisible fence, restraining the dog at all times and taking him to walk at the park. He asked the Council to delay the dangerous dog designation and give the dog another chance to prove himself. Mr. Recht said they are concerned about erroneous complaints because there are other dogs in the neighborhood. An unidentified neighbor stated he has lived across the street from =6400 McCauley Circle for seven years and has never seen the dog. Mike Bloomquist, 6309 Post Lane, read a letter from Larry Hauge, 6305 Post Lane, listing several encounters with the subject dog. Mr. Bloomquist then spoke to his complaint letter dated May 2, 1994, regarding three attacks by the dog on workers which occurred during construction of his home. He said his concern is for the safety of his two small children when they are outdoors. Monica Flynn, 6312 Post Lane, said she was appearing as a character witness for the dog which she has known for some time. She said the dog has never caused any problem for her family or grandchildren. Member Paulus stated she would not take part in the discussion and would abstain from voting on any action. Member Rice introduced the following resolution and moved its approval: DECLARATION OF POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS DOG WHEREAS, the Council of the City of Edina, Minnesota, has heretofore caused notice of hearing to be mailed pursuant to Edina City Code 300.17, Subd. 5.B and at the hearing held at the time and place specified in said notice has considered the views of all persons interested and has been fully advised of the pertinent facts; NOV THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that this Council does hereby declare the border collie at 6400 McCauley Circle to be a potentially dangerous dog pursuant to Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 347. Motion was seconded by Member Kelly. Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Rice, Richards Nays: Smith Abstaining: Paulus Resolution adopted. PROPOSED SERVICE DELIVERY PLAN FOR STOREFRONT/YOUTH ACTION APPROVED Jan Buth, Human Relations Commission (HRC) member, reported that the Commission had received a letter dated April 18, 1994, from Mary Ellen Barrett, Executive Director of Storefront/Youth Action (SYA) with a proposal for a service delivery plan that would be-more responsive to the needs of Edina children and families. Ms. Buth explained that the during the past several years the City has made an effort to more clearly identify the needs of its citizens by targeting the funding it provides. This has imposed the restriction to provide counseling services only at the office of SYA. The proposal would facilitate a quicker response time for families needing service and tie into the school -based problem identification process now in place by allowing children and families to be seen at a school site. It would also reduce the incidence of families not following through on recommended referrals. After study and discussion, the HRC voted to recommend support for the proposal as follows: "Solution oriented family counseling to be delivered in a flexible manner either at the school, in the home or at the SYA offices. Problem identification and treatment planning will drive the delivery of services." Ms. Buth said that other agencies, such as Adolescent Health Task Force, the Community Services Priority for Youth and Families, support implementation of an integrated funding strategy by collaborating site based service delivery between the City, Edina Schools, and other agencies. Ms. Buth asked the Council to approval the recommendation of the HRC to support the proposal by SYA on a trial basis,for September through December. Member Kelly said she had a concern about SYA's accountability for use of City funding and questioned if that would still continue under the proposal. Ms. Buth reminded the Council that when the yearly requests for funding are presented to the HRC for review and recommendation, that issue is discussed. Member Smith made a motion to approve the recommendation of the Edina Human Relations. Commission that solution oriented family counseling be delivered in a flexible manner either at the school, in the home or at the SYA offices, with problem identification and treatment planning driving the delivery of services. Member Motion was seconded by Member Kelly. Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. UPDATE GIVEN ON 1995 CULTURAL AWARENESS EVENT Betsy Flaten, Human Relations Commissioner (HRC), told Council that the committee planning the 1995 Cultural Awareness Event met on May 5, 1994, to brainstorm proposals. After looking at minority demographics, available resources, and minority issues in the community, 'Asian Culture' was proposed as the theme. The schools have been approached and the response has been very positive. They plan a two day event that may include an evening dinner followed by a ,theater show and guest speakers, and an afternoon snack with story telling and cultural related performances. Exact program format and dates are yet to be determined. Some suggestions to accompany the programs are: 1) human rights awards to schools, 2) student presentations on Asian cultural topics, and 3) community speakers and performers. Volunteers will be solicited to coordinate various functions. Ms. Flaten said they would welcome any input from the Council on planning the event. Specifically, she asked the Council Members to give the committee names of individuals that could assist with private fund raising for the event. *GARBAGE COLLECTION SURVEY REPORT PRESENTED Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice to accept the report of the Recycling and Solid Waste Commission on the proposed garbage collection survey which recommended no Council action at this time. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. APPOINTMENTS TO COMMUNITY EDUCATION SERVICES BOARD CONTINUED Mayor Richards announced that appointments to the Community Education Services Board would be on the Council agenda for June 20, 1994. *ACTION RESCINDED ON ACCEPTING LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT AUTHORITY FOR 1991 WETLAND CONSERVATION ACT RESCINDED Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice to rescind the action taken March 21, 1994, accepting Local Government Unit (LGU) Authority for administration of the 1991 Wetland Conservation Act as Nine Mile Creek Watershed District has agreed to be the LGU Authority for wetlands within the District. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. *3.2 BEER LICENSE APPROVE FOR NORMANDALE GOLF COURSE Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice approving the issuance of a 3.2 beer license to Normandale Golf Course. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. 1995 BUDGET ASSUMPTIONS MEETING CALLED FOR JUNE 20, 1994 Manager Rosland said a tentative date of June 20, 1994, prior to the regular Council meeting had been set to review and consider the 1995 Budget assumptions. Member Paulus made a motion to call a Special Meeting on June 20, 1994, at 5:30 P.M. to consider 1994 Budget assumptions. Member Kelly seconded the motion. Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. *FEASIBILITY REPORT PRESENTED: HEARING DATE OF JUNE 20, 1994, SET FOR COUNTRY CLUB SIDEWALK RENOVATION Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice for adoption of the following resolution: RESOLUTION PROVIDING FOR PUBLIC HEARING ON COUNTRY CLUB SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66 1. The City Engineer, having submitted to the Council a preliminary report as to the feasibility of the proposed Sidewalk Replacement described in the form of Notice of Hearing set forth below, and as to the estimated cost of such improvements, said report is hereby approved and directed to be placed on file in the office of the City Clerk. 2. This Council shall meet on Monday, June 20, 1994, at 7:00 P.M. in the Edina City Hall, to consider in public hearing the views of all persons interested in said improvements. 3. The City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to cause notice of the time, place and purpose of said meeting to be published in the official newspaper once a week for two successive weeks, the second of which publication is to be not less than three days from the date of said meeting, and to mail notice to all affected properties in substantially the following form: (Official Publication) CITY OF EDINA 4801 WEST 50TH STREET EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT - IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66 The Edina City Council will meet at the Edina City Hall on Monday, June 20, 1994, at 7:00 P.M., to consider the following proposed improvement to be constructed under the authority granted by Minnesota Statutes, Chapter 429. The approximate cost of said improvement is estimated as set forth below: Estimated Cost SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66 $233,088.76 The area proposed to. be assessed includes all properties in the Country Club District, Brown Section and Fairway District. Marcella M. Daehn City Clerk Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. HEARING DATE OF JUNE 20, 1994 SET FOR PETITION FOR PARTIAL RELEASE OF CONSERVATION RESTRICTION ON MARK DALOUIST ADDITION Patrick Manthei, 6413 Interlachen Boulevard, said they asked that this item be removed from the Consent Agenda because the conservation restriction was.the pivotal issue in the hearings on the development of the Dalquist property. He argued that nothing has changed to justify re- examine the issue and no public hearing on the petition should be allowed. If Council allows a public hearing, he suggested it be held in the fall when concerned neighbors would be available and not away enjoying the short summer. Planner Larsen explained that the City's normal process is being followed with this petition, i.e. setting a hearing date, publishing twice and mailing notice ten days in advance of the hearing to affected property owners. In this case staff would recommend that notice be sent to all property owners who were noticed for the hearing on the Dalquist plat. A conservation restriction was applied on these lots as a result of the plat and the developer is asking for vacation of a portion of that restriction. Attorney Gilligan stated that a hearing must be held with the filing of a petition. Following discussion as to hearing date, Member Kelly made a motion setting June 20, 1994, as hearing date for the petition for partial release of the conservation restriction on the Mark Dalquist Addition. Motion was seconded by Member Paulus. Betsy Robinson, 5021 Ridge Road, suggested that the hearing.be held on July 18, 1994, as the same neighbors concerned with the Dalquist plat would be in attendance at that time because of the hearing on the Parkwood Knolls 24th Addition. Member Paulus commented that the normal process is being followed for the petition and that Council has never sought community consensus on setting a hearing date. Mayor Richards then called for vote on the motion. Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. *HEARING DATE OF JULY 5. 1994, SET FOR PETITION TO VACATE ALLEY SOUTH OF WEST 50TH STREET AND NEST OF HALIFAX Motion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice for adoption of the following resolution: RESOLUTION CALLING PUBLIC HEARING ON VACATION OF EASEMENT FOR ALLEY PURPOSES BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Edina, Hennepin County, Minnesota, as follows: 1. It is hereby found and determined after receipt of a petition that the following described easement for alley purposes should be considered for vacation, in accordance with the provisions of Minnesota Statutes, Sections 312.851 and 160.29: That part of the north half of the Alley dedicated in Block 1, STEVEN'S 1ST ADDITION TO MINNEAPOLIS, according to the recorded plat thereof, Hennepin County, Minnesota, lying easterly of the southerly extension of the west line of the east 20.00 feet of Lot 2, said Block 1 and lying westerly of the southerly extension of the west line of the east 5.00 feet of Lot 1; said Block 1, and That part of the south half of said Alley in Block 1 lying easterly of the northerly extension of the west line of the east half of the vacated alley in said Block 1 and lying westerly of the northerly extension of the west line of the east 5.00 feet of Lot 7, said Block 1. 2. This Council shall meet at the time and place specified in the form of notice included in paragraph 3. hereof for the purpose of holding a public hearing on whether such vacation shall be made in the interest of the public. 3. The Clerk is authorized and directed to cause notice of the time, place and purpose of said hearing to be published once a week for two weeks, in the Edina Sun - Current, being the official newspaper of the City, the first - publication at least 14 days prior to the .date of such hearing and to post such notice, at least 14 days prior to the date of hearing, in at least three (3) public and conspicuous places within the City, as provided in Minnesota Statutes, Section 412.851. Such notice shall be in substantially the following form:. (Official Publication) NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING ON VACATION OF ALLEY IN THE CITY OF EDINA HENNEPIN COUNTY, MINNESOTA NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the City Council of the City of Edina, Hennepin County, Minnesota, will meet at the Edina City Hall, 4801 West 50th Street on July 5. 1994, at 7:00 P.M. for the purpose of holding a public hearing on the proposed vacation of the following alley: (Same legal description as in paragraph 1. above) All persons who desire to be heard with respect to the question of whether or not the above proposed alley vacation is in the public interest and should be made shall be heard at said time and place. The Council shall consider the extent to which such proposed alley vacation affects existing easements within the area of the proposed vacation and the extent to which the vacation affects the authority of any person, corporation, or municipality owning or controlling electric, telephone, or cable poles and lines, gas and sewer lines, or water pipes, mains and hydrants on or under the area of the proposed vacation, to continue maintaining the same or to enter upon such easement area or portion thereof vacated to maintain, repair, replace, remove, or otherwise•attend thereto, for the purpose of specifying, in any such vacation resolution, the extent to which any or all of any such easements, and such authority to maintain, and to enter upon the area of the proposed vacation, shall continue. BY ORDER OF THE EDINA CITY COUNCIL Marcella M. Daehn, City Clerk Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. *PETITION FOR SIDEWALK ON VALLEY LANE REFERRED TO ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Notion was made by Member Kelly and was seconded by Member Rice to refer the petition for sidewalk from 5501 Valley Lane to existing sidewalk at the west end to the Engineering Department for processing. Motion carried on rollcall vote - five ayes. AUFDERHEIDE LITIGATION SETTLED Attorney Gilligan informed Council that a settlement conference was held regarding the Aufderheide litigation on May 23, 1994 at Duluth. Member Kelly attended as representative for the Council, together with Planner Larsen and Attorney Gilligan. The holdup had been that Mr. Aufderheide would not agree to dismiss the lawsuit with prejudice and would not give up the right to apply for a larger satellite dish and thereby challenge the City's ordinance. The parameters of the settlement were that the City would pay attorney's fees of $36,000.00 (agreed to by the City's insurance company) and the lawsuit would be dismissed with prejudice. Mr. Aufderheide could apply for a 10 foot dish and agreed to abide by the decision of the Council on such application. CLAIMS PAID Member Kelly made a motion to approve payment of the following claims as shown in detail on the Check Register dated June 1, 1994, and consisting of 37 pages: General Fund $300,969.91; C.D.B.G. $6,474.00; Communication $1,591.95; Working Capital $8,146.98; Art Center $11,364.07; Swimming Pool $1,974.48; Golf Course $59,327.41; Ice Arena $17,358.31; Gun Range $164.95; Edinborough /Centennial Lakes $22,957.92; Utility Fund $299,027.34; Storm Sewer $3,110.22; Recycling $39,779.77; Liquor Fund $110,776.59; Construction Fund $43,205.26; TOTAL $926,229.16. Motion was seconded by Member.Smith. Rollcall: Ayes: Kelly, Paulus, Rice, Smith, Richards Motion carried. There being no further business on the Council Agenda, Mayor Richards declared the meeting adjourned at 10:20 P.M. City Clerk (V A. 4 9j�11 �, ° e �� REPORT /RECOMMENDATION TO: Mayor & City Council Agenda Item # ".A. FROM: Francis Hoffman ❑ Consent Director of Public Wo- Information Only F� Mgr. Recommends To HRA DATE: 20 June, 1994 TO Council SUBJECT: Public Hearing - Action rT1 Motion Sidewalk Replacement Country Club S -66 ❑ Resolution F-� Ordinance ❑ Discussion Recommendation: Approve sidewalk replacement project in the Country Club District. Info /Background: Staff is reviewing all of the sidewalks in the City for ADA (American Disabilities Act) compliance and compliance to City Ordinance 1200 regarding sidewalk maintenance. This hearing is for the Country Club District (see attached map). This is being heard first as we have completed the ADA requirements as it relates to curb ramps in the District. Additionally, we intend to repair curb and gutters in the Country Club District next spring prior to sealcoating the streets. Therefore, it would be prudent to do any needed sidewalk repair this season. The attached Public Hearing Notice was sent to all property owners in the District. Also, attached are copies of the responses received to date. The proposed replacement sidewalk panels were marked earlier and obviously this is a subjective process. Staff believes that at least eighty percent of the marked panels should be replaced with the remaining twenty percent being replaced for overall appearance of the District. We only conduct these replacement projects about once per decade so some panels were judged not to be adequate to last the next ten years. r� I L w = ° o _ J ¢ � MORNINGSI I L ,r t d I t a e NS N. W. 43 / ST. > 2 � I O +I I SUMMYSIDI I Q T T Q .S S M Qj o > \ > J nQ ..TR �- = J � Q � 1 \ l a O Y O O i O r O .MTV W i O 1 - ; W U Z ; O x O R ` ¢ ¢ o WOOD 14 o C O I o i O LI I WOO LE a In• rT� E I ARCH. I ; NILLTOP M % J �— UTLEY cIT •,,. HALL Q PUBLIC 4 \4 "41 POLICELIBR4 z o DEPT. .i?j�l'� =n �.,. �� ..< •� -,.. \Y..,. 6- Ta.wcs -� v June 10, 1994 CITY OF EDINA. Li(y of EdIpd 4801 W. 50TH STREET EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66 SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT - COUNTRY CLUB DISTRICT The Edina City Council will meet at the Edina City Hall, on Monday, June 20, 1994 at 7:00 PM, at the Edina Citv Hall. 4801 West 50th Street to hold a Public Hearing on the necessity and feasibility of conducting a sidewalk replacement project. This hearing has been called as a result of neighborhood comment and concern over the condition of the sidewalks. Your receipt of this notice is an indication that property whose ownership is listed to you, is among those properties which are considered to be benefitted. Normally, in the City of Edina, neighborhood sidewalks are maintained by the property owner. However, in the Country Club District, these repairs have been done by the City as an area project. The sidewalk replacement project that we are proposing is similar to projects in 1967, 1973 and 1985. Cracked sidewalk and raised or sunken sidewalk will be proposed to be replaced. The estimated cost is $207,290.75, which will be assessed against all properties in the Country Club District as an area improvement. The approximate estimated cost per lot is $365.59. The project assessment is proposed to be spread over a three year period. The proposed project would be done this fall, 1994, with the assessment in 1995 and the first installment due in 1996. Additionally, for your information, the City replaced curb ramps this spring to comply with the American Disabilities Act under a Federally- funded project. Also, next year, the City will repair some curbs and re- seal all the streets in Country Club from our general City funds. The area proposed to be assessed for the cost of proposed improvements includes all of the Country. Ciub District, Fairway and Brown Sections. Any inquiries, comments, and /or suggestions you may have regarding this improvement may be forwarded to the City Council or Engineering Department prior to the hearing or presented at the hearing itself. If you desire additional information, please call me at 927 -8861 between 8:00 AM and 4:30 PM, Monday through Friday. Thank you, / Francis Director of Public Works and City Engineer City Hall (612) 927 -8861 4801 WEST 50TH STREET FAX (h 12) 927.7645• EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424-1394 TDD (6121 927 -5461 0 MRS. BARBARA G. VLAMING 4525 BRUCE AVENUE EDINA. MINNESOTA 55424 June 16, 1994 Engineering Department 4801 West 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 Attn: Francis J. Hoffman, P.E. Re: Sidewalk Replacement - Contry Club District Dear Mr. Hoffman: I Am hdf aure if I will be able to attend the Public Hearing on Monday, 6/20, so am writing this letter. In my opinion the time has not yet come when the sidewalks need repair. I have not noticed anything wrong when walking in the neighborhood so, after receiving your letter, I walked on both sides of Bruce Avenue from Sunnyside to Country Club Road. Very few sections were cracked and in most cases the difference in level of sections that had heaved were almost imperceptible. Only at 4602, 4610, 4505, 4511, and 4517 was the difference in height between two sections great enough to cause a slight bump when pusing a stroller. A person would have to be shuffling and barely lifting their feet in order to trip. Considering the annual and constant increase in property taxes, I believe that this is an unnecessary expense. Sincerely, r , 10 June 1994 To: Marcella M. Daehn, Edina City Clerk From: Robert C. McLane 4527 Arden Avenue Edina MN 55424 -1116 (612)926 -9432 Subject: Request to speak at upcoming hearing on Country Club Sidewalk Study Background: Fran Hoffman, P.E. - Edina City Engineer - advised me on 06 June that there would be a public hearing on 20 June of the sidewalk repair/ maintenance study presently underway. He indicated that a mailing would be sent to affected residents shortly. May I speak at that hearing, regarding the wisdom (in my view) of a questionable need for possibly extensive removal and replacement of existing sections of side- walk (unless a few cases of truly hazard- ous condition are deemed to be beyond temporary-surface repair)? I propose that such expendiature of energy and resources is environmentally damaging, and that more potential of public life safety would be achieved if that expendiature were dedicated to laying. sidewalk in areas not so served today. Please see the attached letter of 09 June to the Edina Sun - Current newspaper's Editor entitled: "BUILD AND USE SIDEWALKS TO SAVE LIVES" - for explanation of my request to speak. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, Bob (Ro ert C.) McLane L0Py Marce!!a M Jae�,i, � � Cirr�. 09 June'94 MINNESOTA SUN PUBLICATIONS Edina Sun - Current - Editor 7831 E. Bush Lake Road Bloomington, MN 55439 Dear Friend: Please consider the following item for your "Letters" to the Editor: BUILD AND USE SIDEWALKS TO SAVE LIVES To the editor: The recent needless tragic death of an elderly lady pedestrian who chose to walk in the street rather than on adjacent sidewalk should urge all to leave streets to licensed vehicles. Seeing young mothers with baby carriages /strollers forced to walk in streets,South of 50th and West of France where property owners have refused to accept assessments for sidewalks is a shocking example of civic irresponsibility. Our citizens' lives and safety cry out for sidewalk protection. Please accept sidewalk assessments now, and encourage everyone to use them where they do exist! Bob McLane Retired Professional Engineer 4527 Arden Avenue Edina MN 55424 -1116 926 -9432 (home and retirement "office ") PM FROM HENSON AND EFRON Jeffrey N. Saunders 4614 Bruce Avenue Edina, MN 55424 June 15, 1994 VIN-PAX (927 -7645) Francis J. Hoffman, P.E. Director of Public Works and City Engineer City of Edina City Hall 4802 West 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 -1394 P002/0O4/F49 RE: Country Club District Sidewalk Replacement Project Dear Mr. Hoffman: I have received your notice of public hearing regarding Improvement Number S -66 dated June 10, 1994, and have had an opportunity to discuss the method of assessing the costs related to, the above - referenced replacement project among the properties in the Country Club District with you. . . Although I am in favor of approval of the proposed project, T-. wish to lodge my objection to the manner in which the assess - iant is apportioned among the various properties in the District. The basis of my objection is that an equal apportionment of the costs among all of the properties results in the owners of prop- erties with a small number of lineal feet of sidewalk subsidizing properties with a considerably greater amount of sidewalk. As you noted during our telephone conversation Monday, the general concept of a district -wide improvement is that over an extended period of time all of the sidewalk fronting a particular property will be replaced. I accept that concept; What I do not accept is the concept that all properties benefit equally. j 794. 03: :iY FROM HENSON AND EFRON Francis J. Hoffman, P.E. June 15, 1994 Page 2 P003/004/F49 . On the eastern side of the District, most properties have less than half the number of lineal feet of sidewalk associated with homes on the western side of the District. The homes in the t ,stern portion, therefore, will ultimately receive a signifi- _tly higher benefit from this type of project. Simply put, more sidewalk will eventually be replaced in front of their properties than in front of the properties on the eastern side. Minnesota Statutes § 529.051 states that "the cost of any improvement... may be assessed upon property benefited by the improvement, based upon the benefits received...." Relatively recent Minnesota case law has stated specifically that an assess- ment must be proportionate to the benefits accruing to the prop- erty as a result of the improvement. Moreover, case law also requires that the special assessment is only valid to the extent that it increases the market value of the subject property. Clearly, properties with a significantly greater number of lineal ,ftqbt of sidewalk enjoy a significantly greater benefit and, logically, a greater increase in the market value of the pro - "-perty, than those parcels with a smaller amount of sidewalk. As it stands, the current system of apportioning the cost of sidewalk replacement among the properties in the district is clearly inequitable. I propose that the apportionment system be restructured to provide for apportionment based upon multiple `classifications of property (the classes would be based upon the cumber of lineal feet of sidewalk fronting the subject parcel, within specified ranges). By way of example only (I don't have actual figures for the range of sidewalk lengths), the district could be divided into three classes of property: (1) 0 to 75 lineal feet of sidewalk, (2) 75 to 150 lineal feet, and (3) 150 or more lineal feet. The cost of the improvements could then be divided among the three classes on a pro rata basis and then apportioned among the prop- erties within a class on an equal basis. This would result in a more equitable apportionment of the costs of the project based upon the relative benefit accruing to each property. In this way, the larger homes in the District would bear more of their fair share of the assessment (based upon longer sidewalks and ;grater impact on market value), rather than receiving a subsidy mom owners of smaller homes (this is really no different than "the basic public policy which imposes a greater tax burden on homes with higher market value). The proposed classification system would not impose a mate- rially increased administrative burden, and is much more fair than the current system. I trust the owners of the larger homes ;,n-the District would insist on paying their fair share, rather 06-15=94.03:21 PM FROM HENSON AND EFP,ON P0O4/004/F49 Francis J. Hoffman, P.E. June 15, 1994 Page 3 than forcing others to pay for their longer sidewalks but receiv- ing no real benefit in return. My schedule will not permit me to attend the June 20, 1994 _,. "hearing. I would appreciate, therefore, if you would circulate a copy of this letter to the City Council and the City Attorney for consideration in advance of the meeting. If you or any other interested party has any questions with respect to my objection or the suggestion set forth above, please feel free to contact me at my office (339 -2500) or home (927 - 0214). Very truly yours, JNS /st CJ f N aunders June 13, 1994 URGENT Mr. Francis J. Hoffman, P.E. Director of Public Works and City Engineer City of Edina 4801 W. 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 Dear Mr. Hoffman: Recently, I received your letter concerning the sidewalk replacement project in the Country Club District. This letter will share our views on this project. We have maintained our sidewalk very well during the 5 years we have lived in Country Club. We have kept it clean and free from debris. We have made every effort to make sure that our sidewalk looks good, and in keeping with the feel of Country Club. Our sidewalk is in good shape and not in need of repair at this time. The sidewalk replacement project that you are proposing will not benefit me in any way. According to our attorney, the City of Edina can not make an assessment against my property unless I will receive some benefit from the-assessment. Therefore, if you do proceed with the project and attempt to assess us for it, we will be forced to refuse to pay the assessment. The cost of the project should be borne by the people who will benefit from it - -the people whose sidewalks will be repaired. When our sidewalk needs repair, we will be happy to pay the cost of our improvements at that time. Please call us at 920 -2267 or 921 -8750 to discuss. Sincerely, David E. Delahanty Sally A. Delahanty June 10, 1994 CITY OF EDINA C1Ly Of, Edina 4801 W. 50TH STREET EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING IMPROVEMENT NO. S-66 SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT - COUNTRY CLUB DISTRICT The Edina City Council will meet at the Edina City Hall, on Monday, June 20, 1994 at 7:00 PM, at the Edina City Hall, 4801 West 50th Street to hold a Public Hearing on the necessity and feasibility of conducting a sidewalk replacement project. This hearing has been called as a result of neighborhood comment and concern over the condition of the sidewalks. Your receipt of this notice is an indication that property whose ownership is listed to you, is among those properties which are considered to be benefitted. Normally, in the City of Edina, neighborhood sidewalks are maintained by the property owner. However, in the Country Club District, these repairs have been done by the City as an area project. The sidewalk replacement project that we are proposing is similar to projects in 1967, 1973 and 1985. Cracked sidewalk and raised or sunken sidewalk will be proposed to be replaced. The estimated cost is $207,290.75, which will be assessed against all properties in the Country Club District as an area improvement. The approximate estimated cost per lot is $365.59. The project assessment is proposed to be spread over a three year period. The proposed project would be done this fall, 1994, with the assessment in 1995 and the first installment due in 1996. Additionally, for your information, the City replaced curb ramps this spring to comply with the American Disabilities Act under a Federally- funded project. Also, next year, the City will repair some curbs and re- seal all the streets in Country Club from our general City funds. The area proposed to be assessed for the cost of proposed improvements includes all of the Country Club District, Fairway and Brown Sections. Any inquiries, comments, and /or suggestions you may have regarding this improvement may be forwarded to the City Council or Engineering Department prior to the hearing or presented at the hearing itself. If you desire additional information, please call me at 927 -8861 between 8:00 AM and 4:30 PM, Monday through Friday. DJ r Thank you, 4 V -e cx � At �I ���� e. rki wftj Francis J. Hoffman, . . Director of Public Works J e yy�a r- and Cityy'Engineer 0 d r c,J City Hall f. P by t° �^ P >1... 4801 WEST 50TH STREET ((�� EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424 -1394 C J/�C�C 410 rid ►�rrc & Z'i o u �cQ L V ,� ,C (612) 927 -8861 �J r P Y►'l �`-�'� FAX (612) 927 -7645 0 TDD (612) 927 -5461 y e G r S _ --�i- d f � � m� v a t -�:� 1 4 -- �°.� y � .� • e � L a�� 1 -4 � m�, Cc� � n _s L . _._.�J.1 . �r_ J. r _ . ____.. _. � _._. ,�.T._. , _.. _.._..._. _.. ____ __ _ . __ _ Michael G. Burnett 4514 Wooddale Avenue Edina, Minnesota 55424 6- io -9Y s-S Al 00, i ' , a.....T .:•mil �y.r..... ct �2+ �k' i. �r�bt .�'��:?'ai`:nr?�.����i:�l:.. ..ara• v.!r�zc�.�l' ° ;5..5;,�,;:n�,,� ._�� ti. .,a `r :i -... _ I Lv �" �►Sw.nxM o✓ a�A � .� , .. .�., T.`, .i:.:�f�.;?.�.*:� <k �ro��ai•_?`y- ti.4��3`C +7�C ir'�7't�4'y,�\r. ti -i::� �{..,.e; :sRy •.:%'° .. <,iii1; -: �i..a.) ,}.-t. 1::�:1� w..... - --- .... .. MR. FRANCIS J. HOFFMAN, P.E. CITY OF EDINA 4801 W. 50TH STREET EDINA, MN 55424 TF IOMAS J. HOGAN 4908 BRUCE AVENUE EDINA, MINNESOTA 55424 JUNE 15, 1994 RE: SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT COUNTRY CLUB DISTRICT IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66 WE RECENTLY RECEIVED YOUR NOTICE CONCERNING THE PROPOSED 1994 SIDEWALK REPLACEMENT PROGRAM. WE FULLY SUPPORT THIS EXPENDITURE OF FUNDS AND BELIEVE THAT REGULAR IMPROVEMENTS TO OUR STREETS AND SIDEWALKS WILL HELP MAINTAIN THE QUALITY OF OUR FINE NEIGHBORHOODS. WE HAVE NOTED THE PAINT MARKINGS ON THOSE SIDEWALK SECTIONS TO BE REPLACED. THERE ARE NO MARKINGS ON THE SIDEWALK IN FRONT OF OUR HOME. WITH EACH AND EVERY RAIN SHOWER OR SNOW MELT DOWN A POOL OF WATER COVERING THE MIDDLE FOUR SECTIONS OF OUR SIDEWALK WILL FORM. THIS CREATES A WATER HAZARD FOR THE PEDESTRIAN AND BYCICLE TRAFFIC. IN THE WINTER THE POOL WILL FREEZE UP CREATING A VERY DANGEROUS ICE PERIL TO ALL SIDEWALK USERS. THIS HAS BEEN THE CASE SINCE WE MOVED TO OUR HOME IN 1982. WE ASK THAT THIS SIDEWALK "FLOODING" PROBLEM BE FIXED AS A PART OF IMPROVEMENT NO. S -66. PLEASE CALL US AT 920 -2642 IF YOU REQUIRE FURTHER INFOERMATION REGARDING THIS REQUEST. SINCERELY: THOMAS J. AND MURIEL F. HOGAN COPY: EDINA CITY COUNCIL AGENDA NO. II.A. V-740- -.1, - LUG L 54 _44 _ 19 q S `�QL- �C� VlJ -- — (➢�L(X .ems Vl/w'%)AL 15:7 Ll - — AGENDA NO. II.A. R. Duncan Sinclair 4200 Sunnyside Road Edina, MN 55424 June 19, 1994 The Edina City Council City of Edina Ladies and Gentleman: Re: Country Club Sidewalk Replacement Improvement No. S -66 I will be out of town on June 20 and therefore unable to attend the referenced hearing. I am therefore writing this to provide my comments on this project. From the information in the "Notice of Hearing ", two phone conversations with Jeanne of the City Engineer's Office, and my own research, I would like to make the following points: • We all want to preserve the quality of the Country Club area, but I wonder if we may be trying to do this to a "BMW standard" when a "Buick standard" would serve us all very well at a more reasonable cost without sacrificing the safety of our sidewalks. • The previous interval for a project like this was 12 years (173 to 185), why do we need to do this again now after only 9 years? • I understand that the standard is that sidewalks with height differences of 1/2 inch must be repaired, but that according to Jeanne smaller gaps were also marked for repair since they would need to be repaired sooner or later any way. Why fix the smaller gaps now when I assume that it costs no more or less to fix a small gap than a big one (in either case the old conckr-te, is removed and new is poured). • I spent some time this afternoon doing my own inspection of the sidewalk along the north side of Sunnyside from Grimes to Wooddale. I made my own rough measurement of the gaps for all 53 blocks of sidewalk which were marked with an orange dot. The results were as follows: Gap of 1/2" or more 19 36% Gap of 1/2" to 3/8" 9 17% Gap of less than 3/8" 20 38% Cracked only (no gap) 5 9% As you can see, less than half actually required repair per the 1/2" standard, and 38% were well below it. I am assuming that this 4 block sample is similar to the rest of Country Club. Limiting the repair work to those sections with a gap of 3/8" or more would save the homeowners of Country Club over $ 78,000 or $ 139 per home. There are many of our neighbors in Country Club who are on fixed incomes to whom any increase in property taxes is a hardship. With all levels of government trying to be more sensitive to tax levels, I strongly urge you to limit this type of work to what is actually needed and not also include what would be nice to do if it isn't really needed at this time. Sincerely, 0 REPORT /RECOMMENDATION TO: Mayor & City Council .Agenda Item # III I. B. FROM: Craig Larsen ❑ Consent Director of Planning Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA DATE: 20 ,tune, 1994 n To Council SUBJECT: P -94.2 & S -94.2, Action ❑ Motion Final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat ❑x Resolution Approval Lewis Ridge Townhomes, Ron Clark ❑ Ordinance Construction ❑ Discussion Recommendation: The Planning Commission recommends approval of the Final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat subject to: 1. Final Plat Approval 2. Developers Agreement 3. Watershed District Grading Permit 4. Permanent easement for access to Lewis Ridge Parkway Info /Background: See attached Planning Commission minutes, staff report, and plans. DRAFT MINUTES OF THE REGULAR MEETING OF THE EDINA PLANNING COMMISSION HELD ON WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1994 7:30 P.M., EDINA CITY HALL COUNCIL CHAMBERS MEMBERS PRESENT: Chairman Gordon Johnson, Robert Hale, Nan Faust, Charles Ingwalson, David Runyan, Helen McClelland, David Byron, Ann Swenson, Geof Workinger MEMBERS ABSENT: Lee Johnson, Lorelei Bergman STAFF PRESENT: Craig Larsen, Jackie Hoogenakker I. APPROVAL OF THE MINUTES: NEW BUSINESS: P -94 -2 Final Development Plan Lewis Ridge Townhomes Lot 2, Block 1, and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge Ron Clark Construction S -94 -2 Preliminary Plat Approval Lewis Ridge Townhomes A 15 lot townhouse plat Mr. Larsen informed the Commission the subject property is zoned PRD -3, Planned Residence District. The approved zoning anticipates a three story, 54 unit condominium building which would be the mirror image of the existing Lewis Ridge. Total site area of the approved development is 1 1.9 acres with a density of just over 9 units per acre. Mr. Larsen pointed out a proposal has been submitted which would replace the 54 unit condo building with a 15 unit townhouse development. As a result, overall density is reduced to six units per acre, with a net density of 5.2 units per acre. Mr. Larsen explained the proposed development requests two variances, both are setback variances. First, unit 12 along the north property line maintains a 30 foot setback where 35 feet is required. All other building setbacks comply with ordinance standards. Second, along the easterly property line the drive aisle comes within six feet of the property line. Ten feet is the required setback. Thus, a five foot building setback variance and a four foot parking setback variance are requested. Mr. Larsen told the Commission access to the development will be from Lewis Ridge Parkway, a private street. Mr. Larsen concluded staff supports granting the two requested variances. The combination of grade change and landscaping should eliminate any negative impact on adjacent properties. In; both cases, the grade on adjacent properties is significantly above the grade on this site. Approval of the final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat should be subject to the following conditions: 1 . Final Plat Approval 2. Developers Agreement 3, Watershed District grading permit Mr. Ron Clark, proponent was present. Mr. Greg Frank and Brian Johnson, architects, McCombs Frank Roos were also present. Commissioner Faust questioned where the entrance is located for the proposed townhomes, and asked where the visitor parking for the townhouse portion will be located. Mr. Larsen explained there is a small visitor parking lot within the townhouse portion of the site. Visitors can also park on the driveway of the townhome they are visiting. Mr. Larsen added overflow guest parking can also be accommodated on the street. Concluding Mr. Larsen explained the entrance the townhome residents would use to gain access to their home is the existing entrance and private drive to the Lewis Ridge Condominiums, an easement will be provided over the roadway Lewis Ridge Parkway, allowing residents access. Commissioner Faust asked Mr. Larsen if the condominium residents would mind the townhouse residents parking on the roadway. Mr. Larsen said Lewis Ridge is a private drive so details must be worked out between the existing condominiums and the proposed townhomes. Mr. Larsen noted when he has visited the site he has not observed any parking problems within the site. .. Commissioner Hale questioned if each townhome unit would have two garage stalls, and two surface parking stalls in front of the garages. Mr. Larsen said that is correct. Mr. Larsen pointed out this meets the city's ordinance requirement. Commissioner Ingwalson asked Mr. Larsen if the Lewis Ridge development is apartments or condominiums. Mr. Larsen responded Lewis Ridge is condominiums. Mr. Clark explained the access points presented on the site plan will be fully executed with the Lewis Ridge Association after final plat and final development approval is received. Continuing, Mr. Clark explained the townhouse portion of this site will have a permanent roadway easement, and the townhomes will be called the Lewis Ridge Townhomes. Mr. Clark pointed out the density of the project has been reduced with the construction of townhomes instead of the original approved matching building. Chairman Johnson noted the 30' outlot access strip off Cahill Road, and questioned what will happen to it since the townhouse development will be using'the Lewis Ridge Condominium access. Mr. Clark explained he feels that strip of land will be left in its natural condition. Commissioner McClelland questioned Mr. Clark if he considered developing a walk -way along the outlot strip connecting the development to Cahill Road. Mr. Clark pointed out that would be difficult because the previous owner excavated the site and the topography does not lend itself well to access the outlot, and construct a walking path to Cahill Road. Commissioner Swenson asked Mr. Clark the price of the proposed townhomes. Mr. Clark stated prices will begin in the mid 300's. Commissioner Hale asked Mr. Clark if the owners of the townhomes will be able to use the Lewis Ridge entertainment center. Mr. Clark explained originally the center was built to benefit all the residents of the condominium building, but the homeowner's association indicated they want to keep the entertainment center for the existing condo building, and not include the townhome residents. Mr. Clark commented it would have been nice to be able to share this facility. Commissioner Faust asked Mr. Clark if any of the proposed townhouse units have been sold. Mr. Clark indicated he has received calls from interested people adding his policy is not to negotiate sales until a project receives city approval. Commissioner Swenson asked Mr. Clark what type of materials will be used on the exterior of the building. Mr. Clark said the materials will be high level maintenance free exterior of stucco with trim and brick fronts. Mr. Clark said the brick used for the facade will be similar to the brick used in the condominium building. Commissioner Swenson questioned what type of roof will be constructed. Mr. Clark responded the roof will be gable end and hip. Commissioner Swenson asked if the proposed townhomes will be one or two story. Mr. Clark said most of the units will be rambler except for the four units that need to be cut into the hill. Those units will be two story. Commissioner Faust asked Mr. Clark when construction will begin. Mr. Clark stated in the fall. He added the interior of the site needs to be cleared and that may begin in July. Commissioner Ingwalson asked Mr. Clark if portions of the site will have to be filled to grade level. Mr. Clark stated that is true. Portions of the site will need to be filled to street level. Commissioner Swenson asked Mr. Clark if he anticipates any problems with visitor parking. Mr. Clark explained the site has a small guest parking area and it has been his experience with his other townhouse developments that the people who choose this housing style are empty nesters that occasionally have a large party. Mr. Clark added the townhome owners usually do not have young children or even high school children. Mr. Clark concluded he can inform new owners if they are planning to have a large party that the call the homeowners association for the condominium and inform the management parking may occur on the street the day or evening of the party. Commissioner McClelland asked Mr. Clark if the space in front of the proposed garages in adequate for the parking of a full size car. Mr. Clark responded the space is large enough for the parking of a full size vehicle. Chairman Johnson said in his opinion the road is not wide enough for parking on both sides, and suggested signs directing to park on only one side. Mr. Larsen pointed out the fire department will review the roadway situation and may suggest signage to reflect one side only parking. Commissioner Byron moved to recommend preliminary plat and final development plan approval subject to staff conditions. Commissioner McClelland seconded the motion. Commissioner Workiriger asked Commissioner Byron if he would accept another condition of approval. That condition would be confirmation of the permanent roadway easement agreement between Ron Clark Construction and Lewis Ridge Condominiums. Commissioner's Byron and McClelland accepted that condition. All voted aye; motion carried. Mr. Clark explained at present the easement agreement has not been officially recorded because the proposal has not received final approval. Mr. Larsen stated documentation is acceptable, and after it is officially recorded we will place a copy of the agreement in the permanent file. L�CA2071CH MAP F 3 14 A L 1)E3/E L OP M EN T NUMBER P-94-2 & s-94-2PLAN L O C A T 10 N Lot 2, Block 1, and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge REQUEST A 15 Lot Townhouse Plat PLANNING COMMISSION STAFF REPORT JUNE 1, 1994 P -94 -2 Final Development Plan Lewis Ridge Townhomes Lot 2, Block 1, and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge Ron Clark Construction S -94 -2 Preliminary Plat Approval Lewis Ridge Townhomes A 15 lot townhouse plat The subject property is zoned PRD -3, Planned Residence District. The approved zoning anticipates a three story, 54 unit condominium building which would be the mirror image of the existing Lewis Ridge. Total site area of the approved development is 11.9 acres with a density of just over 9 units per acre. A proposal has submitted which would replace the 54 unit condo building with a 15 unit townhouse development. As a result, overall density is reduced to six units per acre, with a net density of 5,2 units per acre. The proposed development requests two variances, both are setback variances. First, unit 12 along the north property line maintains a 30 foot setback where 35 feet is required. All other building setbacks comply with ordinance standards. Second, along the easterly property line the drive aisle comes within six feet of the property line. Ten feet is the required setback. Thus, a five foot building setback variance and a four foot parking setback variance are requested. Access to the development will be from Lewis Ridge Drive, a private street. It is staff's understanding that necessary easements to utilize this access are in place. The proposed exterior materials and landscaping plan meet or exceed ordinance minimums. The buildings are primarily stucco with brick accents and wood shake roofs. There are two unit types, one with 2720 square feet, and the other with 2,880 square feet of floor area. Recommendation Apartment style condo's and townhouses are both permitted uses in the PRD -3 district. The zoning ordinance makes no distinction, except that townhouses are required to have two enclosed parking spaces. The switch to townhouses does reduce density and will lower the expected trip generation from the site. Staff supports granting the two requested variances. The combination of grade change and landscaping should eliminate any negative impact on adjacent properties. In both cases, the grade on adjacent properties is significantly above the grade on this site. Staff recommends approval of the final Development Plan and Preliminary Plat with the following conditions: 1 . Final Plat Approval 2. Developers Agreement 3, Watershed District grading permit p T Q PIS � 1 I 1 f t ; I IM Al. s 111 I � I J y 2� 0 o€ 0 L `l�L �C�OSS ❑�i C�u�'4L�GC,���GJ 0 0 0 0 0 REVISEU �Q� r�o�� ad c�or�poc�a�oo� z I 1 f t ; I IM Al. s 111 I � I J y 2� 0 o€ 0 L `l�L �C�OSS ❑�i C�u�'4L�GC,���GJ 0 0 0 0 0 REVISEU �Q� r�o�� ad c�or�poc�a�oo� TO: Property Owners Within 500 Feet APPLICANT: Ron Clark Construction, Inc. PROPERTY ADDRESS: Lot 1, Block 1, and Outlot B-, Lewis Ridge LEGAL DESCRIPTION: Lot 2, Block 1, and Outlot B, Lewis Ridge PURPOSE: A 15 lot townhouse plat DATE OF HEARING: Monday, June 20, 19 9 4 TIME OF HEARING: 7:00 PM PLACE OF HEARING: Council Chambers Edina City Hall 4801 West 50th Street HOW TO PARTICIPATE: 1. Submit a letter to the address below expressing your views, and/or 2. Attend the hearing and give testimony for or against the proposal. FURTHER INFORMATION: City of Edina Planning Department 4801 West 50th Street Edina MN 55424 (612) 927 -8861 DATE OF NOTICE: June 10, 1994 6- 15 -94: I am against this proposal 100 %. What is to be accomplished by eliminating this densely wooded, beautiful area - a natural habitat for wildlife, including deer - and substituting, in its stead, a structure. A building can be constructed in the matter of a few •s /months..... the wooded area which now exists takes years and years to develop. Build the .ucture in an open area - and not at the expense of destroying all of this natural beauty. If you would like to see this lovely spot Mae B. Rand from my viewpoint, give me a ring.... 7200 Cahill Rd., #109 Edina, MN 55439 944 -0584 '� /zo / f y To the City Council of the City of Edina: Thank you to the Mayor, Sargent Drevlow, and the Council members I spoke with the night of the lift station failure. The input I received was much needed. St. Paul Co. Ins. adjuster and restoration contractor have been to my home. So has my ins. company. St. Paul Co adjustor has indicated they will pay my $250.00 deductible. Dick Balinka on the phone said a back up mechanism for the lift station is being installed. What kind is it? What is its success rate ? With the history of lift station failure (at least four times since 1958) 1 believe the city should investigate what it can do to stop the damage that will be done to my home when another lift station failure occurs. Is there something the City can do to my house specifically? When a realtor came out to my house to evaluate the value of my home. The realtor stated they would have a very difficult time selling it because of the history of repeated lift station failure into my house. Another major concern I have is the rate of speed (it seems quite high) of vehicles on 62nd St. W. I have five relatively close neighbors with children, many of which are quite young. Can the speed limit on the road be reduced,or a stop sign be installed, and /or a crosswalk be installed near the entrance of Pamela Park? The speed of the cars makes it hard to get out of our driveways. Thank you again for helping during the lift station failure and for your consideration of my concerns tonight. Bradford C. Teslow 4128 W. 62nd St. Edina, MN REPORT/RECOMMENDATION TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL FROM: JOHN KEPRIOS DATE: JUNE 20, 1994 SUBJECT: HERBICIDE SPRAYING - KRISTINE MCKEON- ROHMA, 7301 OAKLAWN AVENUE Recommendation: Agenda Item # N.B. Consent ❑ Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA ® To Council Action ❑ Motion ❑ Resolution ❑ Ordinance ® Discussion That the Edina City Council refer the matter to the Edina Health Advisory Board for further review and ask that the Board make a recommendation to the City Council on the matter. InfoBackground: Please see enclosed packet. TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P.01 Industry Task Force Il On 2,4 -D Research Data P.O. Box 505,3 Schooner Point, Belhaven, NC 27810 Phone (919) 964.4558 Fax (919) 964 -4559 FACSIMILE COVER PAGE URGENT: 9 YES ❑ NO DATE: 15 June 94 TIME: TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES 15 (INCLUDING COVER) TO: John Keprios LOCATION: parks and Recreation 'Edina, MN FAX NO.: 612 927 -7645 SENDER: D • I, • Page Please advise by facsimile or telephone if message is not legible or all pages are not received. AGE Mr. Keprios, See attached. Any of the studies referenced in the attached can be sent by mail, if you need.them. None of the six expert panel reviews of 2,4 -d in the last eight years have concluded that 2,4 -D is a carcinogen, although several anti - pesticide activist groups routinely call 2,4 -D a "carcinogi They also try to associate 2,4 -D with agent orange. 2,4 -D was F specifically excluded from the agent orange litigation by both the �+- plaintiffs and the defendants. The plaintiffs wanted to concentrate on the 2,4,5 -T /dioxin issue. If anyt1hing else is needed, give me a cal_ PS: The attached talk, 112,4 -D Reregistration Update;vs published in the 1993 proceedings of the North Central weed Science Society. TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P.02 , (Talk given at National Agricultural Pesticide Management Conference, St- Louis, MO, March 9, 1994) 2,4-D Reregistration Update by Donald L. Page] 1993 was a critical yeAr in the long history of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 -D). The sustained availability of the compound was threatened by the high cost of ;eregistration, Task Force difficulty in meeting reregistration study deadlines, and continued negative attention resulting from earlier publication of certain National Cancer x' institute (NCI) epidemiological studies. However, a number positive developments helped strengthen the weight of the scientific evidence supporting 2,4-D. These included publication of additional data pertinent to 2,4-D from the NCI Iowa/Minnesota study, two studies questioning the validity of proxy interviews used in the NCI research, and an independent scientific review on 2,4-D commissioned by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These developments, and a strong commitment from industry, have helped ensure the continued availability of the ,widely used herbicide. Available commercially since 1948, 2,4-D is believed to be the most widely used herbicide in the world and, according to the EPA, the third most widely used in the United States. Almost all the 2,4-D currently used in the United States is applied in mixture with other herbicides to reduce the total cost of application; increase the spectrum of weed control; or help avoid the development of weed resistance, an increasing problem with many of the r newer herbicides. Conservation tillage Mgrams, which require economical weed control to be viable and often are mandated by the government, recently have further increased grower use of 2,4 -D. y 2,4-D is one of about 1.100 pesticides undergoing reregistration in the United States, and its manufacturers face significant costs to comply with reregistration requirements. According to the EPA, some 35,000 research studies will be required for all these compounds to be reregistered- If 2,4-D reregistradon costs are typical, the total cost of reregistering the 1,100 compounds will exceed $3 billion. As a result, fewer than 450 of these pesticides actually will be reregistered. Executive Director, Industry Task Force 11 on 2,4-D Research Data, Belhaven, N.C., 27810. N TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P.03 -2- The first 2,4-D Task Force was formed to meet the study requirements of EPA's 1981 data call-in (DCI) on 2,4 -D acid. By the time the 1988 DO (rercgistration standard) was issued on the acid, ester and amine salts of 2,4 -D, that Task Force already had spent $4 million. Task Force II, forrt4 to meet the 1988 DCI, currently estimates additional study costs at about $20 million. Individual members are investing an additional $5 million to reregister proprietary or specialized ester and salt formulations not under the purview of the Task Force. Meeting study protocols for the 1988 DO required the development of new, state -of -the -art technologies, including a method of analysis (MOA) many times more sensitive than existing methods, before the studies could begin. The Task Force encountered significant technical problems in devising the new MOA, spending several years and more than $1 million before perfecting an adequate method. In the meantime, many of the required studies fell behind EPA's schedule for completion -- a situation exacerbated by the Task Force's failure to keep EPA apprised of the extent of its technical problems. As a consequence, in June 1992, EPA threatened to issue a notice of intention to suspend (NOIS). To keep 2,4 -D on the market, the Task Force reached an agreement with the Agency to initiate an exposure reduction program, pending completion of the required studies. 'Iris program involves significant label changes, including some reduced application rates: new safety procedures for mixing, handling and applying 2,4 -D; and the use of protective clothing and improved personal hygiene practices. The exposure reduction program also requires the Task Force to implement an extensive user education campaign. 2,4 -D is the most thoroughly researched herbicide with more than 90 pertinent epidemiological studies published to date.2 However, two NCI studies3.4 published in recent years suggested a link between 2,4-D and a rare form of cancer, ran- Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The first study, conducted in Kansas3, dealt with herbicides in general. 2 Munro, LC., et al. 1992. A comprehensive, integrated review and evaluation of the scientific evidence relating to the safety of the herbicide 2,4-D. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 11(5):559 -664. 3 Hoar, S.K. et al. 1986. Agricultural herbicide use and the risk of lymphoma and soft- tissue sarcoma. JAMA 256(9):1141 -7. 4 Zahm, S.K., et al. 1990. A case - control study of non - Hodgkin's lymphoma and the herbicide 2,4 -D in eastern Nebraska. Epidemiology 1(5):349 -56. TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 -3- Survey participants were asked no questions specific to 2.4 -D use. However, in interpreting the findings, both the investigators and the news media made the assumption that herbicide use and-2,4 -D use were synonymous. That study had a statistically significant positive finding based on seven cases of NHL in a group of famcrs alleged to have applied herbicides 21 days a year or snore. Following publication of the Kansas study, EPA decided to convene a panel of experts to review both the Kansas study and two other NCI studies then in progress. The panel's findings would help the Agency determine whether 2,4 -D should be placed in special .. review. One of these additional NCI studies, conducted with fanners in Nebraska, did collect information specific to 2,4-D use4. The study found a non - statistically significant positive result based on only three cases of NHL, also among a group of farmers who purportedly applied the herbicide 21 or more days a year. The other NCI study5, involving farmers in Iowa and Minnesota, did not initially survey duration or frequency of 2,4 -D use in l , : particular, but based risk estimates on respondents claiming "ever" to have used 2,4-D. It z ' bowed an odds ratio (OR) of 1.2, a non - statistically significant outcome. In an effort to strengthen the study, NCI agreed with EPA to re- interview some of the subjects, asking whether and how often they used 2,4-D. When the study was published, however, NCI did not include the re- interview data. A Task Force request for information about the data was declined; it was obtained later through the Freedom of Information Act An analysis of the IowalMinnesota re- interview data. which contained more subjects reporting exposure to 2,4-D than the two previous NCI studies combined, showed no association between the use of 2,4-D and NHL. The Task Force reported the finding to the EPA independent review committee, known as the Scientific Advisory panel/Scientific Advisory Board (SAP /SAB) Special Joint Committee, and NCI subsequently published the data.6 5 Cantor, K.P., et al. 1992. Pesticides and other agricultural risk factors for non- Hodgkin's Lymphoma among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Research 52:2447- 55. 6 Cantor, K.P., 1993. Letter to the editor, Cancer Research 53:2421. P.04 TASK FORCE DLHVN NC 919 9644559 The NCI studies wera based on a population of cancer Gases, usually obtained from state cancer registries, plus a control group drawn from random telephone sampling. Both groups were asked to iromplete questionnaires about their farming practices, including pesticide exposure, over a period of 40 years or more. Sipco many of the cancer cases had died before the studies began, proxy or next -of -kin respondents answered the questionnaires on behalf of the deceased. Unfortunately, no prior studies had determined whether the use of proxy respondents yields reliable or valid results in pesticide exposure research. NCI later conducted a data validity study that found 80 percent or better agreement between self - respondents and their next-of-kin, but the study was conducted among the control population, rather than the cancer cases. A subsequent study by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC? in contrast, showed less than 50 percent agreement between cancer -case self-respondents and their proxies. The authors wrote, "The poor quality of surrogate (i.e., next-of-kin) information calls into question � School epidemiological studies." A study recently completed at the University o of Public Health$ similarly concluded, —Me findings indicate that pesticide �� lead to by proxy respondents will not necessarily result in the same estimate the same conclusions as data provided by self - respondents." perhaps the most significant positive development for 2,4-D in 1943 involved the EPA SAB/SAP Special Joint Committee, comprised of 11 independent scientists selected by EPA, six of them epidemiologists Apn12.1993, at a public meeting in Arlington. Va. , the panel reached the following conclusions9: 1.2.4 -D has no known . mechanism for carcinogenicity . 2. Based on the toxicology, 2,4-D is an "improbable" carcinogen. 3. The human studies (epidemiology) provide only "weak" evidence of carcinogenicity. The committee's written report will be available sometime in 1994 9 7 Boyle, C.A., 1991. Next -of -kin interviews and the validity of occupauonax anu UU•%,_ exposure data Am J. Epidemiology. 134:737. 8 Johnson. R.A., et al. 1993. Data on prior pesticide use collected from self- and proxy respondents. Epidemiology 4:157-164• '9 The report, entitled. "An SAB Report ases 8 1994 Potential 2.4 -D Carcinogenicity;' became available from EPA on March P.05 iNDUSTRY 'rASK I'ORCF.ON 2.4.1) RESEARCH DATA Infonnatiop Line: u.s. I•sac�`t�.�wv t FAX L414•YCN•a�JY 2,4 -D Cancer Link Called "Weak" by EPA Panel An expert panel convened by EPA has concluded that existing studies of the herbicide 2.4 -D have not dernon- s(fated a cause- and - effect link with can - cer. While some past studies of farm % orkers have previously suggested such a link. the p;ulel called the associations weak and incotisistent. noting that it was impossible to dctef111ine whether the studies were detecting a risk related to Elie hcrbicide or to some other aspect of farilling as an occupation. The panel recommended additional studies as a Means of addressing inconsistencies in the data base and noted that its findings wire similar to those reached by other scientific reviews of the herbicide:. In reaching its conclusions, the panel evalu.ttud the weight of the evidence frond both human and animal data. The panel dt:Eerinined that existing animal studies presented at most "only equivo- cal evidence of carcillogcnic activity." In considering the human studies, the panel said there was "weak evidence" for all association) but that existing stud - ics could not determine if the result was due to a weak association between the herbicide and cancer. ii level Of expo- sure too low to prompt a more measur- able effect. some other yet -to -be deter- mined source of cancer, or a random variation in results from study to study. CbAvened last April as a special joint ' comillittee of EPA's Science Advisory Boitrd.and Science Advisory Panel, the group was asked to evaluate the carcino- genicity of 2.4 -D in response to some recent studies suggesting a link between the herbicide and nonHodgkin's lym- phoma kNHI.). a form of cancer. EPA has said it will consider the panel's find- ings on 2.4 -D in evaluating the need for furiher moulatory action. In evaluating the total weight of the evidence. the panel said that some stud- ies of -farni workers suggest a link with Niel:: 1- lowever, the panel noted that fariiliag•iNelf has been linked to Nlll. by'4o+ne studies. And even the best existing studies, the panel added. "can- not distinguish whether any observed risks reported ... are due to the use of 2,4 -D or some other aspect of farming as an occupation." The panel noted that the risk reported by some studies for use of 2.4 -D "did not seem to be much higher than the risk of farming as a general work expo- sure." The panel also noted that studies linking the herbicide with cancer sug- gested that risk increases with the num- ber of days of use per year — but nor with number of years of use. Comment- ing on these two findings, the panel cau- tioned that. "This is not what one would expect if 2.4 -D were the agent causing the excess of NHL in farmers." The panel also noted a general lack of evidence of genotoxicity (genetic darn - age) in laboratory tats of 2,4-D expo- sures. And while one lifetime feeding study provided "weak evidence" of a link with astrocytomas in male rats, the panel noted that these results were not borne out in tests with other species or reported in epidemiological studies of hunians. Following the astrocytoma finding reported in 1986. EPA required the nlatl- ufaeturers of 2.4 -D to do another series of lifetime rat and moose studies at much higher doses because the Agency believed that the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) had not been reached. Preliminary data from these repeat stud- ies suggests that the MTD was exceeded in some instances: that is, some of the doses appear to be too high to allow the animals to live the two years needed to complete the study. Based oil these data. the panel concluded that the initial rat and mouse studies "play have been clos- er to the MTD than originally thought," The ten- inernber panel met in a pub- lic hearing in Washington. D.C.. April I and 2 of 1993 at the request of EPA to evaluate the weight of the evidence on 2.4 -D. The panel's report, which is reflective of the conclusions reached at that hearing, was released on March 28. 1994. The EPA Science Advisory Board/Sclence Advisory Panel Special Joint Comtuittee Chair Dr. Genevieve Aialanoski Depnrtmcni of Epidemiology School of Hygiene and Public Health The Johns Hopkins University Baltimone. Mt). Members and Consultants Dr. Donald F. Austin Center for Disease Prcventiun and Epidtaroiology Oregon Health Division Portland. OR Dr. Raymund Greenberg Cttloty School of Public Health Atlanta. GA. Dr. David Hord Dcpustncnt of Bioswtistics Epidemiology and Systems Scicn►c Medical University ul South Curulinn Charicston. SC. Dr. Eugene McConnell Raleigh. NC. Dr. Barbara McKnight Dcpattment of diostatistics University of Washington Seattle. WA. Dr. Richard Monson Deportment of rpidentiolvRy Harvard School of Public llcalth Boston. MA. Dr. James Popp Sterling Winthrop. lac. Collegeville. PA. Dr. Walter Steward Deparuucnt of Epidemiology School of liygiene mid Public Health The Johns I lupkins University Baltimore. hit) Dr. Danid Wartenberg Environmental and Occuputional Sciences Institute of New Jeruy Piscataway. NJ. EPA Staff Mr. Samuel Rondberg Designated Rderal Officer Science Advisory Board t 141X)F) U.S. Environmenrd Protection Agcncy. Washington. D.C. 20460 Mr. Bruce Jaeger Designated Federal Officer Scientific Advisory Panel (117509C) U.S. EPA. 401 M St.. SW Washington. D.C. 20460 Ms. Mary L. Winston Support Secretary w- tam Advisory Board (140UF) U.S. EPA Washington. D.C. 20460 TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P.07 Comprehensive Review Calls 2,4 -D Risk "Negligible" The public. health impact of expo- sure-to 2,4 -D has been "negligible" in file past and is expected to be even smaller both now and in the future, according to a comprehensive review sponsored by the 2,4 -D Task Force. The report was compiled by a team of nine researchers and pub- lished following peer review by it blue ribbon panel of scientists. Released in December 1992 prior to Elie convening of the EPA Science Advisory Panel /Science Advisory Board joint committee, the 65 -page report occupies a i entire issue of ne Journal of the American College of Toxicology (Vol. 11, no. 5). ti�`t valuating the link with non - Hodgkin's lyntphonha suggested by the authurs of several epidemiology studies, the report notes that 2,4 -D would have to be an cxireniely potent carcinogen in order to cause cancer among farmworkers at the exposiu•es indicated. Yet the hettii- tide hbs not been shown to cause cancer in tests of laboratory animals "even at doses 5.000 times in excess of the maximum to which humans may be exposed when wearing recommended protective clothing." In addition, there is little evidence to suggest that 2.4-D causes mutations. Instead of being metabolized by the body, the compound is excreted in the urine by humans and animals essentially unchanged within days of the exposure. Given these condi- tions, the report concludes, if 2.4 -D were to cause cancer, it would have to do so by a unique rrtechanistn which has yet to be discovered. The report further notes that evolving label restrictions and condi- tions of use have reduced exposure to the product significantly during the more than 40 years since its ini- tial introduction. "Actual exposures to 2,4 -D today would be expected to be very limited." the report contin- ues. "When viewed in its entirety. the data on 2.4-D indicate that the potential public health impact of 2,4- D, including the risk of human can- cer, was negligible in the past and would be expected to be even sfnall- er in the present and future under proposed label directions While more that 40,000 scientific articles and technical reports have been published relative to 2.4 -D. this report is unique in providing an integrated. interdisciplinary approach. examining toxicological. epidemiological, metabolism and genotoxicity delta in arriving of an estimate of the the total weight of the evidence. Authors of the 105 -page report were Ian C. Munro. Ph.D.; Joan C. Orr; Ross M. Wilson; Elke Kennepohl; and Barry Lynch of CanTox; and George L. Carlo. Ph.D.; Kelly G. Sunda Maureen Jablin%ke: and Nora L. Lee of Health and Environrnentid Sciences Group Limited. Peer reviewers were Sit, Richard Doll. FRS, FRCP. Oxford University; John Doull. M.D., Ph.D.. Kansas State University; Saxon Graham. Ph.D.. SUNY at Buffalo; Raymond Greenberg. M.D., Ph.D., Emory University; and Gary Williams. M.D., American Health Foundation. Conclusions Reached By Previous Scientific Reviews EXPI RT PANEL O.N -I'HE CARCINOGENICITY OF 2.4- D,1987: - Overall, the Panel wncludes dmt the existing animal and butum data are insufticient to support the finding that 2.4 -D is a carcinogen and, conse- quently, finds insufficient evidence that existing uses in Ontario pose a sig- nificant human health risk." Report prepared by a five- nwnberpanel at the request of tilt Ontario .Mit isuy of rile Emirwnlent. COUNCIL ON AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (CAST), 1931: Ltformation available on exposures of farmers, foresters, .pesticide applicators and the general public shows "that persons are not exposed to hazardous amounts of 2,4 -D when label recommendations and prescribed methods of application are used." Report issued by a panel corrunissioned by CAST, a nonprofit associa- tion of 28 food a,td agricidwrol science societies. AGRICULTURE CANADA, 19W." Based on recent studies and findings T.'dwribcd in this report, Agricultural Canada believes that the safety assod- ated with 2.4 -D remains acceptabk....Agriculture Canada's position is one pE,�ontinued but Cautious use...." Bulletin published by Agriculture Canada's Pesticides Direcrotwe. HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH. 1990: "In assessing all of tie evidence on 2.4-D, workshop participants were not convinced that a cause- effect relationship between exposure to 2,4 -D and human cancer exists .... The predominant opinion was dial the weight of the evidence indi- cates dial it is possible that exposure to 2.4 -D can cause cancer in humans. Not all the panelists felt the possibility was equally likely; we thought the possibility was relatively strong, learning toward 'probable," and five thought the possibility was relatively remote, leaning toward "unlikely :' A minority, of two participants felt it was unlikely that 2,4 -D can cause can- cer in humans. Several itiembers felt that the evidence was barely adequate to support any conclusion. Results from additional studies dial might help clarify the situation am expected in the next several years." The 13- member panel ims convened by the National Association of Wheat Growers Foundorion through a grant from the Gtdustry Task Farce 11 on 2,4 -D Research Data. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY, 1992: "Historical exposures to 2,4 -D by user groups, p,vtieularly fanners, forestry workers and commercial applicators, would be higher than those sustained under present rigorous standards for application which involve tie use of protective clothing and other measures to reduce exposure. Proposed label changes indicate that in the future exposures will be even further reduced. Viewed in this context, the available data indicate that the potential public health impact of 2.4 -D, including die risk of cancer. was negligible in the past and would be expected to be even snnaller in the present and future." (See article, above.) A eompcehensnti, integmred review occupying die entire issue of the jrwnurl l sot. 11. no. 51. The review nm conpiled by a group of nine researchers. conunissi,died by du Industry Tick Force /fan 2.4•b Research Doug, and peer revie►ved by o ftvt nwnberewapaneL TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 New Studies Question Reliability of Case Control Data Pesticide exposure data from epi- demiological case control studics stay be more error prone than prcvi- ausly h.lieved, according to two new studies conducted by the University of Minnesota and the U.S. Centers for Diseakc Control. Both studies question the quality of pesticide -use data gathered by interviews with proxy respondents, like ticxt -of -kits. as surrogates for people being stud- ied who died prior to the interview. it' borne out by other studies, these findings will call into question con - cluiions nn 2.4 -D drawn by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) hascd on research that has relied heavily in the past on the use of Proxy interviews. In case control studies. researchers interview patients with the disease being studied (the cases) as well as people without the disease (the con - Ttrols) in'an effort to identify expo - sures.that the patients have in con, neon which might be related to their illness. Front these interviews, the researchers establish an odds ratio which estirtrttes the risk of contract- ing the disease for people who report having had it particular type of expo - sure. Often. however, cases are unavail- able due to death or incapacitation. Li those instances, rescarclicrs have gained exposure information from next -of -kin or other proxy respon- dent.. Most scientists believe that proxies are unlikely to be able to wive exposure information as accu- rately as the cases themselves. in the past; however. researchers have assumed that any errors made by proxy respondents would cancel each:.other out among cases and con - Irols. so aF to dilute the findings and lowe r the cstitllated risk. Now recent studies contradict conventional wis- dom and arc calling this long -held asu ltptirnl into question. to iti,: linivernity of Minnesota sntdy. researchers broke new ground in testing this assumption by reinter viewing both the case and control groups or their surrogates after an eiglo -year lapse following the first interview. Results of this research show that information on pesticide exposures given by proxies often dif- fers froin that provided by the sub - jects themselves. Even more signifi- cant, however, is that a iltird of the time surrogate exposure estimates .produced odds ratios that were notably higher rharr those derived eight years previously front interviews held with the subjects themselves. in other words. differences in exposure estimates between subjects and surro- gates can act to exaggerate or deflate risk estimates — and there is no way to predict which, when or if these effects are going to occur. The Centers for Disease Control study also found poor correlation between exposure estimates given by subjects and surrogates. The researchers concluded that the poor quality of proxy data for detailed exposure information "calls into ques- tion its use in epidemiological stud- ics." At minimum. the researchers urged, studies using proxy - derived exposure estimates should report proxy responses separately from those given by subjects themselves. I lowever. the CDC study only evalu- ated differences in exposure as report- ed by patients and proxies --- not for controls and proxies as well. As a result. this study was not able to esti- nlate the impact that these differences would have on odds ratios used to provide estimates of risk. 'Chest results, if consistently repli- cated. will raise decisive qucstiotls about the significance of two National Cancer institute studies that have sug- gested a link between nonHodgkin's lymphoma, a form of cancer, in Kansas and Nebraska farntworkers exposed to various herbicides, among them 2,4 -D, Both of these NCi stud - ics rely heavily on the use of proxies. In fact, a closer look at the Nebraska study shows that all of the increased risk attributed to 2.4 -D stems from exposure estimates derived from sur- rooateS. This, combined with the small numbers of cases in categories showing the highest risk (seven cases in the Kansas study; three, in the P. Be Nebraska study) suggests that the result of these studies may well prove unintctpretablc. Both the University of Minnesota and Center for Disease Control stud- ies were published in peer - reviewed scientific journals. The CDC study appeared in the American Journal of Epidemiology (vol. 136, no.6, 1993); and the University of Minnesota study. in Epidemiology (vol. 4, no. 2, 1993). The University of Minnesota study was conducted by Rebecca A. Johnson and others under the diitic- tion of Dr. Jack Mandel, through a grant provided by the Industry Task Force 11 on 2.4 -D Research Data. Saxon Graham: Cancer Link Unconvincing Studies by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) "do not provide con- vincing evidence of a link between exposure to 2.4 -D and non - Hodgkin's lymphoma;' according to testimony given by Dr. Saxon Graham before EPA's-joint meeting of the science advisory board /sci- ence advisory panel held last April 1. Dr. Graham is professor emeritus and former chair of the Department of Social and Preventative Medicine at the New York State University at Buffalo. According to Dr. Graham, all of the positive findings in previous NCI studies could have been pro- duced by recall bias, a tendency among people diagnosed with an ill- ness to ruminate over its possible causes. "Back in 1956;' Dr. Graham said. -'I became aware that one cannot do a ease- control study as to whether a blow to the breast Wright be a risk factor for breast cancer, a then -cur- rent folk - hypothesis, because a' wotttatt diagnosed with the disease would be more likely to remember a blow than a well person. This is because people diagnosed with a continued on page 4 TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 Saxon Graham (cottt.inued) disease attempt to recall exposures which could have caused their ill - ness. and well people do not. --When hypotheses are avail- able'.'.* Dr. Graham added, "tithes through folk - knowledge. articles in the. pass. farm journals. word -of mouth, and so on. these will be considered and retnetnbcred. The s:.cue is true of relatives of dead cases. Well persons and their rela- tives have no such incentive to recall." As.an example of potential bias, in one NCI study all of the i".%+cd risk carne from exposure estiniutes derived from next -of -kin, all 111Ic.rviewing method "fraught with danger." according to Dr. Graham. "Can a relative accurately recall whether a case mixed the 2.4- [) wore protective clouting, or wore it for a given length of time ?" Dr. Graham asked. Calling results of these studies "�tatiitically unconvincing.' Dr. Graliam noted that the reported tindinQs were driven by "small ntnnccrs in extreme categories of cxp4tsurc. A different answer by evirtiia` few cases could have ren- "' dertil (the findings] nonsignifi- ciuit," 'he said. Based on his review of the wCiLlit of the scientific evidence. Dr. Graham concluded that avail- able studies do not provide con- . �i1i inks evidence of a link bctwtxtl ex jzl :ure ttf 2.4 -U and NHL." Dr. G;khuni Itas published more than 1°�Meapers on the epidemiology of g4t*Fr. 11e was previously on the Board of Scientific Counsellors of the International Agency for ltestArch on Cancer in Lyon. France. and on the Board of the Divisiciti of Cancer Prevention and Control of the U.S. National Cancer Ilimitutc (NCi). 2,4 -D Label Changes Stress Good Work Practices Starting in October of last year. new directions specifying good work prac- tices in the use of 2.4-13 began appearing on product labels. as a result of ;tit agree- ment reached between EPA and member companies of the 2,4 -D Task Force. While different requiremcnts have been set for different users and formulators. the changes generally outline protective clothing, hygiene needs and use prac- tices intended to minimize exposure. Tbcse changes represent common sense and good work practices appropri- ate to the use of all pesticides. In part, they anticipate new pesticide precautions presently being implemented under the federal EPA Worker Protection Standard. in addition, by agreeing to the label changes the Task Force was given more time by EPA to complete the remaining studies which the Agency requires in order to evaluate the product for reregisvation. Presently, reregistration requirements for 2,4 -1) include about 230 studies. 120 of which the Task Force has already submitted to EPA. with the remainder now being completed by 34 different consultants, contractors or laboratories. Cost of these studies to Task Force member companies has been projected at S17- to S20- trillion. In addition. more than 100 separate studies are also under- way through individual Task Force members to gather data on specialized or proprietary amine or ester formulations which are not being supponcd by the Task Force itself. "The Task Force wants very much to complete all studies needed to support 2,4 -D's continued registration." said Task Force chairman Donald L. Page. "!n the past, work fell behind schedule in part due to the need for new analytical technology to complete some of the studies. ThiS new agreement puts us back on track. and we expect to have all of the studies that we have now under- way completed by our deadline of December 1995." As part of the new labeling agrre- mcnt, the Task Force agreed to conduct an extensive public education program to inform users of new label require- ments. Elements of this education pro- gram include: 4 P. 09 • P intitg and distribution of more than a million brochures designed for both homeowner /residenlial users and contrnercial/agricultural users: ' Trade publication articles and notices, including short feature sto- ries distributed to 10.000 ncwspa- pers nationwide: • A video news release disu-ibutcd to about 200 television stations: • An audio news rcicasc distributed to about 2.000 radio stations: + A speaker and exhibit booth pro- giant where Task Force representa- tive; participate in user group national and regional meetings: A video training film on now label rc-quirvinents for use in instructing applicators; and A slide prexentation on new i ;,bcl requirements for use at applicator meetings by Task Force and ntcnt- ber company representatives. In addition to the new activities described above, the Task Eons contin- ues to maintain a toll -free 2.44) hotline to address user and public concerns. through which this cducational material ha% hccn distributed. "At first, we viewed the new label- ing and public education programs with concern because we felt that our cus- tontcr% might misunderstand and think that 2.4 -1) was being singled out." said page, "Yet the general reaction from both formulators and users has been so positive that the program may have been a good move commercially as well as sound front tile, standpoint of good product slcwardship- "Public reaction to the education program has been favorable: as well." Page added. "After all the controversy and all the content, 2.4 -D at long last has a standardized label meeting the requirements of the I990's. These label changes are. by and large, a cunitton sense approach to mcxlern pesticide application. We be:lievc that those who list our products will appreciate leaving the reassurance of a I:cbcl that hai been a result of some of the most intensive scrutiny that modern science has been able to bring." i 4vYw: TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 NOTICE: Important Information on New 2,4 -D Label Requirements In order to keep the herbicide 2,4 -D available to those who rely on it for agri- "dture, forestry. turf care and roadside and rights -of -way maintenance, the industry Task Force 11 on 2A -D Research Data has reached an agreement with the U.S. Environntcntal Protection Agency (EPA) !o unclert;;ke an exposure reduction pro- gram while completing overdue scientific studies required by the agency. llic Task Force is cofopromiscd of the registrants of the technical grade 2,4 -D (which appears on procluct in &rcdicnts as from fort of 2- 4- dichktrophenoxyacetie acid) which man- ufacture or cell 2.: -0 products in the United States: AGRO -GOR, DowUaneo. Nufarm USA snd Rhone- Poulcnc. The EPA is convening a panel of experts to comprehensively evaluate all pertinent 2.4 -D studies including studies involving long-ter al exposure. Pending the completion of the evaluation and the eval- uation of rcre¢rsiration studies being per - fonned by 2.4 -D registrants. the new prrc- uces and requirements dcseribcd in this program will appear on new 2,4 -D product laltcla. In addition to label changes. a national applicator /user exposure redaction program will be implemented. Compliance with these exposure reduc- tion mcnsures prescribed on the new labels un prcxlucts containing 2.4-D is required by Law. It also represents common sense and good work practices appropriate to the applic;rtmrt u( all pesticides. All 2.4 -D applications will be affected bJdte new label requirements, including agriculture, forestry, aquatics. utility rights -of -way and roadside maintenance. goal' cuufsc and other turf managctnent, as well as commercial and homeowner lawn c its e. fdecause the greatest potential for exlw- Mire to pesticides like 2.4 -D occur, during .mixing and application, the following mca- sures are designed to reduce pesticide �cxposurc by requiring protective clothing and equipment, and proper hygiene, as well as by restricting the amount and fre- qucncy of application and access to treated areas. while the registrant, of 2A -D remain firm in their support of 2.4 -D, they <advocate handling pesticide products with jecare and rcxpcct. The following specific new label `requirements for spceialty applicators will Montt appear on 2.4.D product labels: • I-or forestry. aquatic, and industrial rights -of -way, roadside mr,intc- nance, etc.) uses, when mixing, loading or applying 2.4 -D products. or repair- ing or cleaning equipmctu used with 2.4- D products. wear eye protection (face shield or safety glasses), chenticai-resis- tant gloves. long - sleeved shin, long pants, socks and shoes. It Is recommend- ed that safety glasses include front, brow and temple protection. Eye protection is not required for aerial applicators in enclosed cockpits and applicators apply- ing these products from a tractor that has a completely enclosed cab. For turf applications, mixers, loaders and applicators must wear long - sleeved shin, long pants, sucks and shoes. Users of turf liquid products with "Warning" or "Danger signal words roust also wear eye protection — a face shield or safety glasses (it is rcconttncndcd that safety glasses include front. brow and temple protection). Professional applica- tors of turf liquid antine products must also wear chemical - resistant gloves. except when applying to golf courses. Other applicators of turf liquid amine products must wear nibber gloves. For all applications, wear coveralls or a chemical- resistant apron when pouring from containers of more than I gallon but less than 5 gallons in capacity. For all applications, a mechanical sys- tern ( "probe and pump') must be used for transferring the content of containers of 5 gallons or more in capacity. if the contents of a non - refillable container arc emptied. the probe must be rinsed before removal. For turf and forestry applications. some application rates will change. The maxi - mum application rate to turf is 2 pounds 2,4 -D acid equivalent per acre per application. or the existing maximum, whichever is lower. The maximum application rate to forestry site preparation will be 4 pounds 2.4-D acid equivalent per acre per application per site. or the existing maximum. whichever is lower. The new maximum application rate., will be calculated on the new labels. Full -yard spraying for turf ( "broadcast applications ") will be limited to two per site per year. Applying the herbicide to individual weeds or clumps of unwanted plants as they crop tip -- "spot appldea- tinns" — often is enough to control their spread without spaying the entire yard. Do not apply 2,4-D products in a way that will contact workers or other per- sons either directly or through drift. Only protected handlers may be in the area during application. P.10 , For turf applications, do lint allow peo- plc (other than applicator) or pets on treated area during application. Do not enter treated areas until spray has dried or dust has settled. For all other applications. do not eater or allow worker entry into treated area dar- ing the resuicted -entry interval, which will be indicated on the product label. Use 2,4 -D products only in accordance with dteir labeling. Sonle uses of 2144) products may be subject to the Worker Protection Standard. This standard con- tains requirements for the protection of agricultural workers on fatties, forests. nurseries. and greenhouses and handlers of agricultural pesticides, it contains requirements for training, decontamina- tion. notification and emergency assis- tance. For any requirements specific to your state, consult the agency in your state responsible for pesticide rcgulntion. For early entry to treated areas that is permitted under the Worker Protection Standard, and that involves contact will( anything that has been treated such as plants, soil or water. wear eye protec- tion, chemical - resistant gloves, long - slcevcd shirt, long pants. socks and shoes. For forestry, aquatic. and industrial (e.e.. rights -of -way. roadside maintenance. etc.) applications, wash hands. face and anns with soap and water a, soon ;us possible alter (nixing, loading, or apply- ing these products. Wash hands. face and amts with soap and water before caring. smoking or drinking. Wash hands and amts before using the toilet. After work. remove all clothing and shower using soap and water. For turf applications. after using 2.4-D product, in liquid fonts, rinse gloves before removing. Rcluove clothing and launder separately from other clothing before reuse, and promptly and thorough- ly wash hands and expose skin with soap and water. If clothing becomes saturated. remove as soon as possible and shower. After using the 2.4 -D products in granu- lar font. thoroughly wash hands and exposed skin with soap and water. Do not reuse clothing worn during dtc previous day's mixing, loading or appli- cation of this product without cleaning first. Clothing must be kept and washed separately front other household lout- dry. If clothing becomes saturated. remove clothing ns soon as possible attd shower. ;s TASK FORCE BLHVrN NC 919 9644559 P. 11 No 2,4 -D Cancer Link Found in Iowa/Minnesota Study Reanalysis Over the years. two studies con- ducted by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have gained a fair amount of public and regulatoty attention in reporting a possible link between nonHodgkin's lym- phonia, (NHL) a type of cancer. and certain herbicides, including 2.4 -D. The Kansas study (1986) found a six -fold risk in a group of seven fanners exposed to herbi- cides more than 20 days a year. The Nebraska study (1990) found a three -fold risk in a group of three farmers reporting exposures of a similar period. Seldom repotted, however, is that the most recently published NCI study, one of farmworkers in Iowa and Minnesota (1992), found no link for 2,4 -D with NHL or other fortes of cancer. And, when the-researctiers attempted to resolve the conflict by getting more specif- ic information by reinterviewing sorac of the original participants, the.itewly collected data only reconfirmed that no link could be established. These findings are of particular interest since the lowa/Minnesota study contains one more subject reporting exposure to 2,4 -D (192 persons) than both the Kansas and the Nebraska studies cumbincd (191 persons). According to NCI researchers, the Iowa/Minnesota study, which showed no evidence of a link between 2,4 -D and cancer at the time, was nearly complete when the Kansas study was published in 1986. Unfortunately, however, the subjects interviewed by the Iowa/Minnesota study were not asked specific questions about their number of exposure days per year. Since the largest risk found by the Kansas study related to use of her- bicides for more than 20 days a year, researchers working oil the Iowa/Minnesota study reinter - viewed subjects in Iowa again in an effort to gain an estimate of dura- tion. The highest duration category that the researchers were able to use, however, was "inore (Iran ten days of exposure per year." Analysis of data following reinter - viewing did not show a link between cancer and exposure to 2,4 -D for any period of duration. This contradicted findings from the Kansas study and also the Nebraska study, which was published before the reanalysis had been completed. When the Iowa/Minnesota study was -first published, however, no mention was made in the report of the reinterviews, even though pub- lication of the paper had been delayed five years while these data were being sought. Subsequently, the data were published in a letter to Cancer Research (1993), after the 2,4 -D Task Force had received the inforination under a request through the Freedom of Information Act and presented this information to the EPA Science Advisory Panel /Science Advisory Board joint panel. (See story, p. I). In their published letter, the authors said that the reinterview data had been deleted from the paper during peer review and that the results were not trustworthy because many of subjects initially interviewed had died in the four - year interval, requiring much of the exposure inforniation to be drawn from next -of -kin and other proxies. (Proxy responses on pesticide exposure information arc increas- ingly being regarded as having questionable validity in scientific circles. See story, P. 5.) Previously, however, NCI's pub- lished position has been that proxy data on pesticide use appears to be "adequate for epideiniologic pur- poses." Both the Kansas and Nebraska studies rely heavily on data front proxy interviews and have been widely publicized despite their use of them. (In the Nebraska study, for instance, essen- tially all of the risk shown for 2,4- D has been derived from interviews with proxies.) While frequently neglected in public discussion. the lowa/Minnesota study and subse- quent reinterview and reanalysis data provide valuable new perspec- tives on a lingering controversy ... a controversy that has been allowed to fester too long without regard to the total weight of the evidence. 2,4- Dispatch and 2,4- DispWch/Flash are news and information bulletins about 2,4 -D and phenoxy herbicides. published by the Industry Task Force on 2,4-D Research Data. Issues will be published on a periodic basis as news and information becomes available. Feel free to share this information with others who want or need to know the facts about this beneficial agricultural tool. r% Furm Nn. 5_24X)- o27t4r*,0 TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P. 12 Comprehensive, Integrated Review and Evaluation P of the Scientific Evidence Related to the Safety of the Herbicide 2,4 -D Published in the Journal of the American College of Toxicology December 1992 Authors: I.C. Munro', G.L. Carlo", J.C. Orr', K.G. Sunda•, R.M. Wilson *, E. Kennepohl *, B.S. Lynch', M. Jablinske ", N.L. Lee=s The potential public health impact of 2,4-D, including the risk of human cancer, is negligible, aeeording to an extensive review of the available scientific evidence which comprises the entire December 1992 issue of the Journal of the American College of Toxicology. Peer reviewed by an international panel of leading scientists, this evaluation represents the largest ='sipgle review ever conducted on any agricultural chemical and the most comprehensive luation of the scientific evidence relating to 2,4D completed to date. „Sponsored by the Industry Task Force II on 2,4•D Research Data, this review integrates data from a number of scientific disciplines — worker exposure studies, animal research, metabolic analyses. studies of disease pattems in human populations (known as epidemiology) and other relevant laboratory studies to assess whether scientific evidence exists to link 2,4-D with a public health risk, including cancer. der reviewers included Sir Richard Doll of Oxford University, knighted for his important contributions to epidemiology; Dr. Saxon Graham, professor emeritus of the State University of New York at Buffalo; Dr. John Doull, professor of pharmacology and toxicology at the Kansas State University Medical School; Dr. Raymond Greenberg, dean of the School of Public Health at Emory University; and Dr. Gary Williams of the' American Health Foundation. CanTox Inc., � Mississauga: Ontario �:s Health and Environmental Sciences Group, Ltd., Washington, D.C. TASK FORCE BLHVN NC Integrated Review •. 2 ERidemi loay Research 919 9644559 P.13 In evaluating available epidemiology studies, the reviewers questioned the validity of recent studies of farmers in Kansas and Nebraska which suggest a possible association between 2,4. 7!D and non - Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), a rare form of cancer, for the following reasons: • Since the majority of cancer patients died prior to initiation of the Kansas/Nebraska studies, the investigators relied heavily on information obtained from the cancer patients' next -of -kin. Problems in determining exposure based on either patient's or next -of -kin's memories of herbicide use make these studies difficult to interpret. There is reasonable doubt about whether a family member would be knowledgeable of a subject's daily farm practices at all or would be able to recall practices 10 - 40 or more years earlier. Some also question whether the actual user could remember specifics that far back. The studies found that an association between exposure and NHL was most likely when 2,4 -D was used for more than 20 days a year, but the reality is that few fanners ever use the product that often. The studies' conclusions were based on very few actual cases of NHL. So if questionnaire respondents misclassified actual exposure in only a,few cases, the supposed association in both studies would disappear. These studies looked at exposure to herbicides. in general, and thus were not able to specifically measure exposures to 2,4 -D. The studies also did not take into account other chemicals or viruses to which the farmers were likely exposed. This is particularly important since certain viruses commonly found in farm settings are known risk factors for NHL. As a result, it is possible that what was observed in the Kansas and Nebraska studies has more to do with viruses than exposure to herbicides. TASK FORCE BLHVN NC 919 9644559 P.14 Integrated Review -- 3 studies looking at workers exposed to higher levels of 2,4 -D in occupational settings, °such as pesticide manufacturing workers, do not support the hypothesis that 2,4-D causes `iy,ncer. Taken together, the many epidemiological studies provide, at best, only weak ` =evidence of an association between 2,4 -D and the risk of cancer. The Total Weie_ht of the Evidence Because of serious limitations in the epidemiology research, it is vital to evaluate the total weight of the scientific evidence in order to assess the potential public health impact of 2,4 -D, the investigators said. Other scientific data indicate that 2,4-D is not a human carcinogen. Studies of laboratory ` animals conclude 2,4-D does not cause cancer in animals receiving massive doses of the : =�r> lifetime - doses some 5,000 times higher than the levels to which Y {emical over their entire `hh,nans may be exposed when wearing protective clothing. It is important to understand that le. Also, `arse animals are exposed to much higher levels than those experienced by People. =iman exposure is sporadic. Moreover, 2,4 -D stays in the human body for a very short time -- usually 18 to 30 hours and is excreted largely unchanged. As a result, 2,4-D is not changed or metabolized to any appreciable degree into other potentially harmful substances, a process which occurs with ,: "many known human carcinogens. According to investigators, this evidence is further supported by a large number of studies indicating that 2,4 -D does not cause changes in genes and therefore, is not likely to trigger L , ' 4-D does not possess any of the characteristics ° ���= •�:�4��r• }, -cancer through generic alteration. Likewise, 2, • ;pf substances that do not alter genes, but are known to cause cancer in laboratory animals Y} 41�Pnonethcless. vi TASK FORCE BLHVIN NC 919 9644559 P.15 Review -- 4 This review also evaluated possible effects of 2.4 -D on the immune, reproductive and °= 'ttciuological systems. There is no evidence that 2.4 -D adversely affects the immune system, .a ,._,';,atu - neurological and reproductive effects have been associated only with extremely high - ='.N never seen in the environment. Exposures to 2,4-D -- particularly among farmers, forestry workers and commercial applicators -- were much higher in the past when application standards did not include the use of protective clothing and other measures which exist today to reduce exposure. Label changes instituted by the 2,4 -D Task Force in conjunction with the U.S. Environmental Protection_ Agency will reduce future exposures even further. In fact, when protective clothing is worn, exposures are almost not detectable. �,; , _; • . fic data indicate that the potential public health V. ed in this context, the available scienti ';;;:�:.,;...: fir=,..-.- .:.:_• impact of 2,4-D, including the risk of human cancer. has been and will continue to be For additional information, call the 2,4 -D Hotline at 1 800 345 -5109 Lace emu,,. �,,� ►��.��u.,.,�; �,,,.�,2�.�,...�.,� Cif -L�� ►'��V�/L, �/� . '�'�1C.,. -��' Cp -stX•� ,�t�.y�. C�I�'�_ i J U `� �'`���L, �- ��.�..oC¢.. /tom- S•r�c,' ; � .� i ^ OL i02.' Jl?. � �... ' .. : a'.1.1f�y'(i4 c �:ti .�. �' t '�:: � :: e: :' «::..t:'c: 1= f - -•.• n , . . Ti .���:14�11t�'1K Vi f::oY�pi9Ri4� w � • ,. L��3ti~�...�Y�hWit i2 .... � ti7Pn.,a. 1,. `,-. 4� au. � • •... .. .- •.,,,.,n, .:•aw +sata�C; `�iaYia!4%e��YS'OY�I Advice A ,993 i9A ' on :chenucal lawn treatment partiall lawns Diazinon an insecticide, The article Sept. 15, „Ganges seen in wetland life,,• offered ticides ha been Y 13 cause cancer 14 cause , caused massive bird kills ' na- tionwide; the EPA banned it on -eels 11 tive - enlightening highlights on the beauty and ecological benefits in - birth of re r fee 21 ___pza e_ the nervous golf courses and sod farms. It's lawns. the diversity of life of our fragile sem� 1 f►ese sign ism- &i We- �fety of still allowed on • Following labels: This does wetland areas and fortunate - ly, some warnings of the not-so proving poisons at our doorsteps do not "in not eliminate toxicity nor mean results. "subtle" adverse changes take into account the of term hea�eomit � and human activities have brought . some to percent of pro- as trade secrets, inerts are not about. As an activist group in the we in- ducts' formulation, identified by EPA = some 1,200 with 80 % 1 i s t e d . Combinations of chemicals are not teste a a . area of pesticide reform, form the public of the hazards ' of unknown toxicity. P us, there is a ac c of uu►foi -na- caused by the use of toxic lawn • Spraying one's own lawn can do further The A's tion on breakdown products ac the care. Here is some pertinent in- formation and facts which help no indoor study o Health, prganization, an be 50 toxic than intended. dispel the many myths of safety pesticides, some not used on th studies conclude drift times more Labels lack facts. that people perceive convincing them to treat lawns with premises; carries toxins up to 50 miles Equally alarming facts: treated lawns are chemicals. from spray areas. Lawns. are isolated, nor are people af- Chemically applied with 10-15 pounds o • Assuming pesticides (her- bicides not fected only where spray occurs•, pesticides per acre per year apply two to three ,insecticides,fungicides) are not harmful because the En- Multiply one lawn by 10 million it equals 67 million (farmers pounds) and are routinely vironmental Protection Agency for consumers, of lawn chemicals each sprayed whether conditions are has registered them use p n c e: pounds A University of California warranted or not. Evaluations v i d e s little a s s u r a on the year. study along with the National are rarely done to determine the Chemicals are put market regardless of full safety Cancer Institute found children need for pesticide applications. five survey testing for health or environ- some at six to seven.times the risk of getting leukemia from home- A -year groundwater by the EPA found urban lawn ment. Ten percent of 60,000 are tested — out of ; applied chemicals. A University contamination at twice the rate 14 detected in 40-some registered for lawns, . is tested. Of 36; of Minnesota veterinary report , indicated dogs can contract : of rural, with groundwater, six have the to one completely most commonly used lawn. cancer from weed killer 2,4-D on _ potential to leach, 21 are toxic fish, 11 to buds and 12 w bees. Hundreds of chemicals are now under review by the EPA for re- evaluation and reregistration due in part to incomplete data on health and the environment, but remain in use. It will be years before evaluations are completed. In 1991 the EPA completed five of 191 priority listed chemicals. Alternative non - poisonous UMEjire is avauapie now, to get off the quick -fjx with "drugs" of grasses ( the more used, the more needed) hazar- dous to all soil life, micro- organisms, earthworms, which are natural fertilizers, and feed for birds, robins, which in turn are poisoned and die. How many birds are seen on treated lawns? Where can they go, how to sur- vive in toxic -green deserts? With rains, sprinklings runoff contaminates all waters and wetlands, which in turn poisons wildlife. Bette Kent Minnesota Herbicide Coalition Minnesota Herbicide Coalition O ganic (L Lawn Care 435 Wilson St. N.E. Minneapolis, MN 55413 P- it.331 -StGo� r . !09.;2 )_r � How To Control Weeds in Lawns WITHOUT Herbicides. Increasing public concern about potent' health hazards with common turf herbicides such as 2.4 -D have led many home owners to seek alter- native means of managing weeds. These alter- native turf management programs are based on the recognition that a vigorous stand of grass will out - compete most weed species. A h -.h weed population in your lawn is a dear indication that your lawn is under stress. Causes Of Turf Stress When the weed population exceeds tolerance levels in turf it is usually because competing turf grasses have been thinned out by str -ms leav- evenings to be colonized by weeds. Sbm'ces - Ysticas .tQCWde- vampacted soils L-r.proper mowing heights, too much or too little _-rigation or fertilization and accumulation of thatch. How To Correct Lawn Stress 11 Compacted Soils - A common problem around newly constructed homes and where heavy inorganic fertilizer a;!lications have been made. Slow release organi : :ertilizers will help to establish more natural roo' develop- ment and loosen soil. Planting na- urally deep rooted grasses will also help. jflluez7mss is by nature a shallow rooted grass even under ideal conditions.) In severely compacted so_ mechan- ical aeration may be required. IAera"on equip- ment is available at most equipment rental stores. These machines remove plugs of grass and soil to improve air exchange a-.d water penetration.) Since aerating can pro%:je a seed bed for problem weeds. it is a good ides to spread a light covering of grass seed follow•in: aeration. 21 Too Much Or Too Little Irrigation. Irrigate carefully. Infrequent. deep watering is preferred. Frequi=t shallow wateriq' promote shallow rooting and should ed. be avoid Use deep rooting grass varieties so that watering needs. and frequency. are reduced. 31 Too Much Nitrogen Fertilization — Not only don too much nitrogen encourage shallow rooting but it also causes many disease problems. Excessive appli- cations of nitrogen in highly soluble forms causes disease outbreaks. Remember, hi:h nitrogen - high disease! Slow release fertilizes applied times per year, are sufficient for healthy com- petitive turf growth. Bluegrass tu7f requires more nitrogen than the new, deep rooted, vari• eties like Turf Alive! and bluegrass tends to go dormant during the part of the growing season when crabgrass is really starting to thrive. As a result crabgrass has an easier time getting estab- lished in bluegrass turf. 4) Thatch Accumulation. Perhaps the best way to get rid of hatch and It eep it from returning is to plant Turf Alive! seed. Because of its deep roots Tu^ Alive! will a:�ft not form a thatch laver even if excessive appli- cation of water soluble fertilizers are made• 5) Wrong Mowing Height. Do you suffer from the ,golfcourse- green" lawn syndrome? Trying to maintain a lawn like a golf course is so expensive that it is not within the reach of most homeowners — not to mention the fad that homeowners who want their lawns to look like a golf course green are simply asking for trouble. Heavy nitrogen applications. fre- quent herbicide spraying. and low mowing heights all produce stress. Keep mowing height as high as * ble. We set our 22' rotary mower at the htg est setting• in any event don't mow lower than 2y2 '. The taller the grass can be kept. and the denser the canopy, the better. because less sunlight will reach the soil. Without light• germinating seeds will die. Mowing high will provide complete control of crabgrass lassum- ing that you have a vigorous stand of grass which combines with high mowingg to keep sunlight from reaching crabgrass seetisl. In a well main- tained organic lawn crabgrass is seldom a problem. Tolerance Levels The goal of a "weed free" lawn is neither feasi• ble nor desirable. even under optimum turf growing conditions weeds occasionally sneak into lawns. Home owners need to decide what levels of weed growth are acceptable and then adopt lawn care practices which will keep weed growth at or below these levels. Reduction of stress on turf is the key to a vigorous stand of grass which will crowd out weeds, and ''cam- ouflage" remaining weeds so that they are not objectionable. The impact of non-chemical turf management practices on weed growth may not be fully evi- dent for several months. However, as experience is gained at keeping turf stresses to a minimum. declines in weed new infestations pwilill become more apparent. Recycled papal r- ; 7, not form a thatch laver even if excessive appli- cation of water soluble fertilizers are made• 5) Wrong Mowing Height. Do you suffer from the ,golfcourse- green" lawn syndrome? Trying to maintain a lawn like a golf course is so expensive that it is not within the reach of most homeowners — not to mention the fad that homeowners who want their lawns to look like a golf course green are simply asking for trouble. Heavy nitrogen applications. fre- quent herbicide spraying. and low mowing heights all produce stress. Keep mowing height as high as * ble. We set our 22' rotary mower at the htg est setting• in any event don't mow lower than 2y2 '. The taller the grass can be kept. and the denser the canopy, the better. because less sunlight will reach the soil. Without light• germinating seeds will die. Mowing high will provide complete control of crabgrass lassum- ing that you have a vigorous stand of grass which combines with high mowingg to keep sunlight from reaching crabgrass seetisl. In a well main- tained organic lawn crabgrass is seldom a problem. Tolerance Levels The goal of a "weed free" lawn is neither feasi• ble nor desirable. even under optimum turf growing conditions weeds occasionally sneak into lawns. Home owners need to decide what levels of weed growth are acceptable and then adopt lawn care practices which will keep weed growth at or below these levels. Reduction of stress on turf is the key to a vigorous stand of grass which will crowd out weeds, and ''cam- ouflage" remaining weeds so that they are not objectionable. The impact of non-chemical turf management practices on weed growth may not be fully evi- dent for several months. However, as experience is gained at keeping turf stresses to a minimum. declines in weed new infestations pwilill become more apparent. Recycled papal What can you do? I. Know the "good bugs" and.the "bad bugs;" correct identification is critical to success! Check references or call Dial U. (1- 976 -0200) II. Test soil and add appropriate nutrients. Healthy plants are less likely to have disease and insect problems. III. Decide what the "threshold level" is, how many pests can you or the plants tolerate? Can you lower your expectations? IV. Ask yourself: Is the pesticide more dangerous than the pest? NON - CHEMICAL ALTERNATIVES FOR THE HOME & GARDEN: Product name Description Aphidoletes ayidimvta midge larvae that eat aphids. They feed for 3 -14 days then reproduce. Bacillus thuringiensis Dipel, Thuricide bacteria used to stop insect feeding. B.t. var kurstaki kills caterpillars; B.t. var israelensis kills mosquito larvae; B.t. var san diego kills colorado potato beetle larvae Braconid and Chalcid wasps parasitize various pests (e.g. aphids). Commonly migrate into greenhouses and gardens under reduced or no- chemical management schemes Liatomaceous earth sharp diatom shells kill soft bodied pests (siugs) by piercing when they crawl over it Encarsia formosa parasitic wasp attacks whitefly larvae, excellent and persistent control but slow acting. Hand picking remove large caterpillars and beetles, drop into a jar of soapy water or alcohol to kill Insecticidal soap kills aphids, mites & other small insects. Apply spray in evening or on a cloudy day Lacewings eat insects, eat each other too so separate them Ladybird beetles eat aphids, migrate away quickly so release small portions of shipment over time, store in refrigerator up to 3 weeks Mulching straw, landscape cloth, plastic can reduce weeds and disease problems Nematodes broad spectrum control of soil insects e.g. fungus gnats, cutworms, root maggots, beetle grubs etc. Also used on some boring insects. Results are inconsistent. Horticultural Oil high grade oils control aphids, mites, scale. For growing season or dormant use Pheromone lures insect sex hormones used to lure pests to a trap or confuse males so they are unable to locate females for mating. Available for a variety of insects Praying mantis eat large and small insects, eat beneficials, are cannibalistic so separate Predatory mites eat harmful mites or thrips. Work great and fastl Apply when damage first seen Pruning remove diseased or insect- infested plant parts and destroy or dispose of entire plant 70% Rubbing alcohol spray on mealybugs, aphids, scale. Use on houseplants or other non - edible plants Traps e.g. sticky red balls for apple maggot, stale beer in a jar lid for slugs, etc Trichogramma wasp parasitize caterpillars Washing wash insect- or mite- infested plants by hosing or wiping with soft cloth Suppliers: 1. Beneficial Insectary, 14751 Oak Run Rd, Oak Run, CA 96069 8. Nature's Control, Box 35, Medford, OR 97501 2. Bio- Control, Box 337, Berry Creek, CA 95916 9. The Necessary Catalog, Box 305, New Castle, VA 24127 3. Biofac, Box 87, Mathis, TX 78368 10. Peaceful Valley Farm Supply, Box 2209, Grass Valley, CA 95945 4. Gardens Alivel Hwy 48, Box 149, Sunman, IN 47041 11. Rincon- Vitova Insectaries, Box 95, Oak View, CA 93022 5. Hydro- Gardens, Box 9707, Colorado Springs, CO 80932 12. Unique Insect Control, 5504 Sperry Drive, Citrus Heights, CA 95621 6. Integrated Fertility Management, 333 Ohme Gardens Rd, Wenatchee, WA 98801 ?� �. 7. IPM Laboratories, Inc, P.O. Box Locke, NY 13092 &O.At `P-� sa- zt�,�e f�7� olee) t°- n.g��7f'�S� `/, fee NEED HELP DIAGNOSING? —x.(— 'r�lC. Call your county extension agent (listed in the government section of the phone book) or Call Dial -U Clinic 1- 976 -0200 (toll call) Check reference books (suggested): Golden guide to insects; Golden guide to butterflies and moths; Integrated pest management for the home & garden, 1980, R.L. Metcalf et. al., University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801; Organic gardening: Sowing the seeds of safely, least to: control of lawn pests, National Coalition Against the misuse of chemicals, 530 7 St SE, Washington, D.C.; Pests of the garden and small farm: A grower's guide to using less pesticide, 1990, M.L. Flint, University of CA, Oakland, CA use a single neo F , sprayer faelhef than a mrrttple nook Boom as sldeerays appiucabarh with a boom where dr11 sprat' ham crate If= 0011 naak is allowed to fall on the same area will resin in heavy local over- appicoon and subsequent turf discowa lion or nqury. Herber controlled For cool seem grasses - add 2-3 pats of Triplet to me IMabl 5 pint cornik r. HI babnce of eerrtahner well water. spray entree come am 33.00 s4 A. fappraL 3c4 acre). Do not overlap spray PAMu n Ompki Applicator. Ifeepnp consaimr agbased - add 1.5 to 2 plat of Triplet to the Hertl 5 pint container and 41 balamas of can- .......................... 100.00% For Ilered wum season gra— Wrier with nater.Follow Herbi spray irearoctero tar caul seoon grassea Use reduced rates d grass irreesed 25.38%, 244 IbsJgal from IelL dMugh4 etc Other Controlled For cool season grasses - Use Tdplel a1 the We of 3.4 pals per sae ( t. s to 1.511. oz peg IWO sq. R) in suflicied Droplet Applicators: water to assure coverage (1 J wafer per acre is normal fa this type of equipment). Oo nut overlap spray patterns. (CDA), atomizers, aid Spinning disk Applicators: For fisted ram season grams, - the 2 to 2 12 parts of Triplet: Der acre (.TS to 9 IL oz. per 1000 sq. IL) in srdh- cmd water to assure coverage (1 J gel of water per arse s normal tar Ctrs type equipmaM -. and follow CDA spray issbuctiau for cool seson grass. Use reduced fames d grass a stressed from heat drought, et. Lower Volume Use as Rile as 5 gallons water per acre. Use arty applcabon equipment that is capable Of spreading a ururform Equipment droplet weahq each reed surface. HerbiTM is a trademark of North Americas IAtcron SFORASE AND DISPOSAL SIMRAM: Always use 01411131 carrtainer to slave pestddis in a secured varahwsa or storage building. Do eel store new seeds, lutteers, insecticides or hngidides. Sloe at temperatures above 32T. t allowed to heex. remit before usng. This does not aver the product. Containers should be up, I in 'all verrdated areas. life* oonhiner bghely sealed when not in use. Do not seal careboud cases mote Can heo pallets high. Do not Contaminate water. load or feed by storage or disposal. PESIICME DISPOSAL: Pesticide wasiss are toxic. h oDrai ner is damaWd or 0 pesacde has Weed, contain NI spillage. Absorb and dean up all spilled material with granules at sand. Race in a closed labeled container for proper disposal. Improper disposal of scent prstioda. spray mbetures, or fins= is a violation of Federal tare and mayc wbo&i wee gmundrratu. It these wastes cannot be disposed o1 by use according to label irhstmetions, codas Your Slate Pesticide or Emry ymne seal CoMrd Agency. or One Hazardous Waste NPfesemative at me nearest EPA Ragionaf olricit forguiCma. pppryMNEp�fSPOSAl -iripk meei (oruquiva/nak Aneht eller Is respel AP-0r noen06osw+/, a puscswsaaud dispaes d h a saamty laid fill at by other procedures approved by slate aasd local attboritiet. Rasbe mtruirhers also dspmable M incineraadn, ar if allowed by spa and local aut haddes, by burn". t burned. stay out of smae. WAFAlArfPf Riverdale Chernial COmpany warrants Ihat this hen aide canirms 10 be dremral descriphan on as label When used in accordance with label rgrections wrier normei conditions, this herbicide is masooblY M for ds intended pwpoees. Since limng. method of appihcaton, winder. peure and sal conditions, manures wilt other chemicals, and factors aelectir+g the use of this product are beyond our control, no warranty is given can- W" be use of ells product contrary to label dsectias of ulcer conditions which are abnormal or nor reasaably loreseeable. The user assumes all asks of arty such use. t 11 Selective Broadleaf Weed Control For Turlprasses To COntrUI Dandelion, Clarimr, Henbit, Plantains, Wild Onion, and Many Other Broadleaf Weeds - Contains 2,4 -D• Mecoprop and Dicamba ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Dimethylamine Sall of 2,4- DichWophenoxy"ic Acid' ......... ............................... ......................... 30.56% DimetWamine Saft 2-( 2- Methyl- 4 -Chlorophenoxy)propionlc Acid . ......... I ......................_ ..... 16-34% n% Dimethy)amine Saft Diramba(3.6•Dichloro-o-anisic Add)••. .............. ......••....................... •... 50.33% INERT INGREDIENTS :— ,.........._......_. TOTAL .......................... 100.00% Isomer Specific AOAC Method No. 6.321, Equirale:re to: 25.38%, 244 IbsJgal '2.4-Dichloraphenoxyacede Acid...:..................... _.................. ............................._. .'2 -(2- Methy1- 4- Ch1oropWnoxy) propionic Acid ... _- ....................................... ............. 13.50%.1.30 IbsJOal. ...3,6- Dichloro- o- anisic Acid ..-----._ ................................... ... .................................... 2.30%. 0.22 IbSJQM. Trinkl* IS A Redistered Trademark of Riverdale Chemical Comparry KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN U0 SEE INSIDE BOOKLET FOR ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS AND STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT un rALII -1 EPA AEG. NO. 22 8-264 MCI loun r a 1 r v PRECAUTIONARY STATEIAENTS HAMOS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC AMMAIS DANGER Cambsrue. � rtewersibb rye dama0e Do no get in eyes. w on skin or clothing. Avdd lahalatiar at spray miss. Harmful d swalkwed a inhaled. Wnr tape shdd ar goggles aW bug parrts. long- sMesred shirL socks. shoes ud ribber gasses wtm m"mg, leading or appt/irg tots prod- uct in addition to the dttDr9 and eye protection listed above, Commercial mVimmoaders must wv chemical resistors in piam of rubber gloves atoept when the pfodwt is tb be applied to a pot course. After using ris product rinse gloves before removing. remove dothirp and launder sep- arndy before n ruse, and promptly and lhordphty wash hands and espowd sidn with soap and enter. Renow sataratad do" as soon as pos- sDbe and shower. The minimum number Of breetlCasl appNcabonts per bomerrl sle is 2 per yob- Do ltd allow people (atnr than agPkcztDr) Or pets oa ueaafrad area dump apptcatian. Do as pane, treatment cams until spray has dried. IF tun eoraalna is over one patron and less than fie gallon, tarn persons engaged in open pouring of this produtl must atse weLf emrcra 1s w a cnerrud resistant apron. N this container s five gallons a more in rapadty. tan a rfhecraaral sYStam (probe pump) mass be used ton tram ftaingi tae tnnients W ms conurter. If In oomeds of a non- rWlatile pesticide cormiw are emptied, the probe must be fumed before removal. 1Mame sax aMditerol Prrerae f emit Stetannrs i I* m; arm For Use Iptrsa' - STATEMBIT OF PfI=CAL TREATMENT IF IN EYES: Hold eyelids open and Rush win a sleally, pectic stream of vats for 15 minutes. 6d runes cal atsadon a ours. IF SWALLOWED: Orin promptly a tape Warr ay of mk am edhibct 9dabn solliorc or it these are set awllable drink "quantities of waom. Get medical Mention Oo nos induce vornWrhq or give ar"I g by melfRfr to rn onoofadohs peson. F ON SKIN: Wash with plefy of soap and valet. Gel medtal attention. F PHALiD: Remove victim to fresh air. H riot tteatnig, pare artifhc of respration• preferably moutr-0o- meut>_ Get medical 110"ti rt BN=NlNEpTAL HAZARDS This produd is trade to aWahe nuerhtrates. OrM or runoff may adversely affect agnzbc narebrafts and norrur" W seta. Do nM apply (Imafy to enter, or to areas where surface w9w is Present or to kart kW arms brio* to mw hip water mart Do not cap* when weather conditions; tavtt drily from target amps. Clean And rinse spray a qupmem using soap or detergent and wail r. and rinse thoroughly before reuse lor ethe spray- ing. when clearing epilompasl do not pour the washnaw on the ground; spray or drain over a Inge am may from welts and other water sources Oo not Wnt7nilale imier When dispo ing Of egripneR vmhwaters. Do not apply this product through airy, type of irrigation system. Do not cony buns ate domestic or inim " n watars. Most eases d gro ndsathr tontamirston irvokrig phermeY herbicides suds as 2.4-0 and MCPP have been s�.ccutt.i wind muggAOaaiing and disposal skm Gunton sfvrdd be panned when taudring these heroiddts 411 suds sib to gsevent Conlarinvtlan of groundwlef suppfas Use of dosdsysta ms for mbip er oamid fling this pesticide will radum she probablly at spit Pheenerd at is mbcingAading eguilimed an at imper- vio s pad to oortdn spas 148 help prvvend wwn w w ooatamination. gh111110TlOa FOR IRE it is a 4olation of Fedesl tarn to we the Product in a manner noorsstard wi0f Is labeling. READ ENTIRE LABEL BEFORE USING THIS PRDOWT. USE STRICTLY IN IIGCORDANCE WITH IABfL PRIErAITIONARY SFATEMM ANA) DIBECMgS- TripMP is for me an Lawns, Turf (vsludbp pemrms. and faros and turf Fown b p vd d seed) ud Gel Fakwags, Aprons. Tees and Roughs, Paula, Cetsef8es no slmMar ,maw cams ... _. , :. ate, ,l / "/� �•' -� I -IC. <. USE PHEC UTUNIS Arprd m61 to vegetabket flowers. ornamentals. shrubs. trees and tither desirYMe plants. Do nal pour spray solutiQa ,tear thew p on arpetgms:s� dichondm nor on luxes or hurl where desrabb Clovers are phew Avoid fine sent. Ehamyt as noted• use only ! Coarse sprays are lefts IAely to -wind - drift'. Use coarse spray droplets. Do not spray facts of mTwnentds and trees Do not ecm W M aca: be parllaaaly, careful within the dripine of supra and other spadics Do not APp1y to newly seeded grasses until well spray wfRn it lemperthue aaeds 90'F. Arad applying during amess rely dry or Mt periods uses irrigation is used. For aphs (1) lull should not be nvwed for 1 to 2 drys before and after appkcatrerh: R) do rot apply d rasrtal is eapee4d +!iris 48 Mons be ktittpWd (watered) lot 48 hauls fofbwhg app`otim Reseed no Spp11e b" lhfm la four weeks after appikabon al this observe all pra zwores may result n injury to Orrt and/or miscepfible plants TnpM Seteaive Herbicide on be ..seta with some liquid fertilizers or liquid iron mtaterrafs. Bemuse liquid ferkrme and h i irc ammone corrfenl derely. salt concerifaaeon, and percent ge of water. a oomQmTssly test a recemrfraded prior m nixing n app All reViiateans either sate or Federal. ,dating to the application of baud fe8ers or liquid iron ud Phis product trust be striate IIfMOS CONTROLLED Bedstraw cock Mmirsgplay Bads medic Ground my Pap'pergraa Bi am Healall Iigweed Burdock Berber Ftaftaoh Chicory x1narweed Poison ivy Chichwecd larrvsquorters Poison oak Cows Lespedm Purslane D31`161111101111 fhailow Shoe/ sand Spurge Wad Idh- Sheplordspurve Wild carrot Wild anon Speedwd Wid wic Yarrow and cowl broadest weeds. ORNALLB(TAL LAWNS it TURF APPLICATIONS: RATES: Cod Season Grasses • Use this product at fhe rate Of 3-6 pinks per am (1.1 b IS 1. oL per 1000 sq. IL). Far Normal Appl i on -Use 6080 gallas of wailer per acre. (1 -2 poles wafer per 1,000 square fe For Roeessiord Lawn Liairtevoe -Ilse 1-5 gallons of eider pet 1,000 squve leaf- H#w wailer r, be used when tut - ni)ud with a turf terbittes. Follow %rdknr labels for proper anourtn to add. Warm Season Brasses - Suc n as SL Augustine. Bafaa.Conmon Bermuda. Centipede. and Zoysia grasses Apply TrpM at a r. rate of 2 -2112 pints in 40-2D0 gallons of wider par am. use reduced rates d grass is stressed from t drought Eaadse ore vrfhen applying dung QWON stooges from dormancy to grese{p and from gr dornuncy. Same bempora y dsoororatoa nay owe on wamr semn prisms MOTE: If Bmmx% m is domnut up to 4 parts per acre may be used. However, some hybrid Bean ?asses rmy be smseta to this product. Comas your bbl eadeeoort —vice weed aanbol spaaals Berprass: an Closely moeaed krggT>s (petting and boeAFg press) apply tea product at a -radii m rob d a Olm lot Sl,�l II�Lpei i+� -man f L _ p�•Qp� II Idi � %Clal�b �e@Q!L 'QI yellowing will dc after about one week. NOTE volumes Care shatad be takes b avid ovedasig Derffgrs4. SL Aupustirw and CedDeda grass a i H lard lyPe sprayers ors tsed,a one fled ounce in 5 Dooms crater per 1,500 square teal) will aid is dbtaning inilorm caveea0n Kristine McKeon - Rohman 7301 Oaklawn Avenue Edina, MN 55435 Mr. Fred Richards Mayor City of Edina 4801 West 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 Dear Mr. Richards: As you may know, the Edina School District has decided to ban the application of all pesticides (herbicides, insecticides, etc.) on school grounds. This action is a reflection of an administration that values a child's health over a lawn's aesthetic value. The ban is endorsed by the National PTA which states that our nation's children should not be put at an increased risk of cancer or other health problems as a result of an exposure to pesticides. This commendable policy, however, is severely compromised because the City of Edina does treat the City parks with herbicides. On May 19, 1994, I walked with my children across the Cornelia School fields with other neighborhood children on their way to school. Unknown to us, the wet grass at our feet was actually a fresh herbicide application. No signs were posted at this time and we did not see the tractor and sprayer until we reached the upper level of the school grounds. I contacted John Keprios and inquired about any hazards of the herbicide exposure. He assured me that the herbicide was absolutely "safe" for children. I also contacted the manufacturer of the herbicide. The manufacturer's representative told me that the herbicide had been tested extensively and that no dangers had been found. He also told me that the label instructions clearly stated that no one but the protected handler should be allowed in the direct area or any areas affected by drift during application. Noncompliance with the label requirement is a violation of federal law. The City of Edina at the very least should have been expected to wait until the 8:30 a.m. commencement of school before beginning the herbicide application. I contacted independent research centers and received information about the specific herbicide used by the City of Edina and. herbicides in general. The herbicide used by Edina contains the chemicals 2,4 -D, mecoprop and dicamba. The U.S. General Accounting Office reports that 2,4 -D was on Special Review at the EPA from 1986 - 1989 based on evidence of increased cancer risk among farmers handling similar herbicides, phenoxys. In 1989 the EPA decided not to act on 2,4 -D until two epidemiological studies in progress at the National Cancer Institute were complete and reviewed. The EPA has considered suspending 2,4 -D and in the interim has moved toward voluntary risk reduction. A National Cancer Institute study found that when parents used herbicides or insecticides outdoors, their children were 6.5 times more likely to get leukemia. Children are at an especially high risk of exposure due to their playing habits. Exposure to herbicides /insecticides tends to be more hazardous to children than to the average adult because children's cells are dividing more rapidly and adolescent organ systems are still developing. According to Dr. Theo Colburn of the World Wildlife Fund, 2,4 -D had been associated with endocrin (hormonal) disrupting effects. Increased risk of cancer for dogs whose owners use 2,4 -D four or more times a year is two times greater. Also, some studies have found 2,4 -D to be a water contaminant. It is my understanding that the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board has banned 2,4 -D since 1991. The Rachel Carson Council told me that herbicide manufacturers and the Government, e.g. EPA and City of Edina /John Keprios are not allowed to state that herbicides are "safe ". The FDA can call certain food and drugs "safe ", but the EPA lacks sufficient testing to offer proof for such a claim for herbicides. The Federal Government's own General Accounting Office (GAO) has issued a report stating that the EPA has made little progress in assessing the health risks of widely used lawn -care chemicals. In December of 1991, the GAO issued a report criticizing the U.S. Department of Agriculture's testing and quality control methods, claiming they don't adequately protect consumers. The EPA fails to warn of other items, such as breakdown products which can become 50 times more toxic according to the World Health Organization. Inerts, considered trade secrets by manufacturers, are excluded from testing in setting of tolerance levels, yet are often the highest percentage of "non- active" ingredients on the label of lawn care products. Some inerts identified by the EPA are the carcinogens: DDT, Dioxin, lead, chloroform, benzine, mercury, asbestos, formaldehyde and carbon tetrachloride. There are eight hundred to nine hundred unknown inerts. The herbicide used by the City of Edina contains up to 50% inert ingredients. Understanding inert ingredients is key to recognizing the risk to our children of chemical lawn applications. There is simply no way to determine when and if a chemically treated area is safe to expose to the children. The bottom line between opponents and advocates of herbicides is that no one can be absolutely sure about the effect of herbicides on our children. We should be willing to err on the conservative side when our childrens' health is at risk. Even if a person were comfortable with the risk of the herbicides to children, the incident on May 19 should convey that it is difficult for the City of Edina to ensure that herbicide applications will be in compliance with label instructions. Another risk is that applicators frustrated with the effect of the label mandated "herbicide -to- water" ratios may change formulas for more significant results. I would like the City of Edina to ban the use of herbicides and insecticides near and on the play areas in City parks. Such a proud step might be considered progressive today but certainly is inevitable considering the growing public awareness of pesticide dangers. I spoke to Mr. Keprios about this request and he stated that the City of Edina treats the City parks with herbicides because it is felt that this is what the citizens of Edina desire based on the number of complaints the City of Edina receives about weeds. I have written a letter to the editor of the Sun Current in hopes that citizens of Edina will call City Hall with concerns about the use of herbicides. I would very much like to hear from you as to how a herbicide ban to Edina's city parks could be enacted. I hope I can have your support. My home phone number is 844 -0837 and my work number is 721 -9819. Sincerely, Kristine McKeon - Rohman CC: John Keprios v Edina City Council Edina Park Board Vincent Cockriel PLYMOUTH PARK AND RECREATION SURVEY Q.5 The Plymouth Park and Recreation Department uses carefully controlled amounts of chemicals and herbicides to control weeds in Plymouth parks. Which of the following would you most prefer for controlling weeds in Plymouth parks? (Please circle one.) FREO (%-)_ 356 (77) 1. Continue to use chemicals on a carefully controlled basis to control weeds in parks. 40 (9) 2. Do not use chemicals and allow the weeds to grow in City parks. 56 (12) 3. Use organic fertilizers which cost three times as much as other fertilizers. 12 (3) 4. Other (Please explain: SEE APPENDIX A. PAGE A -6) 44 BLANK MINNESOTA CENTER FOR SURVEY RESEARCH )07Y la4 mss Lr 4 07 4LO 5f 40 —4 e OS 'e dr Minnesota Herbicide Coalition A CITIZENS' GROUP CONCERNED WITH THE USE OF PESTICIDES INFORMATION ON CHEMICALS WHICH MAY BE USED IN LAWN SPRAYS (1)EPA registered chemicals does not guarantee its safety; According to recent National Academy of Science study, out of 46- 60,000 pesticide products registered for use, only 10% have been tested for effects. (2)When applied legally and according to the label a pesticide can still cause harm. To claim safety when "used as directed" is illegal; labels only give the acute immediate toxicity effects- the long term chronic effects are omitted, as is their capacity to cause cancer, birth defects immune system and central nervous system damage, liver. kidney disorder, fetal damage, paralysis,etc. (3) "Inerts" so called inactive ingredients are listed in label formulations up to 90 some percent -have recently been identified by EPA as DDT, dioxin, lead, asbestos, formaldehyde, benzene, chbroform, mercury, 8 -900 are of unknown toxicity -r (4) Combinations of chemicals used by lawn companies are not required to be tested for health or environmental effects, synergistic effects are un- known and multiple exposure to humans,wildlife, pets,waters result. (5) National Academy of Sciences report citing an EPA study shows home- owners apply from 5.3 to 10.6 lbs. of pesticides per acre per year, a farmer is apt to apply 2 -3 lbs. per acre at most. Lawns and gardens re- ceive heavier applications of pesticides than do other land areas in US. This has increased tremendously since 1972. (6) Pesticides may break down into more hazardous compounds in the environ- ment, since no monitoring is done it is unknown what are the effects. (7) Chemicals used by lawn companies now under review by EPA Diazinon EPA has restricted use of diazinon on golf couses and sod farms due to massive bird kills, however,Clawn firms can use it still Dacthal Contains dioxin, EPA requested manufacture to reduce dioxin in production,(it remains in use by lawn companies Dicofol Contains DDT- after EPA review to, restrict its use remains on the market) DACONIL Was found to cause death of navel officer on military golf course after short illness,(still remains on market.) (8) More susceptible to toxic poisoning are; children, elderly, chronically 21egnant women, people with all sinus, chemical sensitivit , pets are easily effect ed; of course birds, butterflies, urban wildlife will be effected by loss of insects and weed seeds for food. Pesticide runoff into waterways are becoming a greater problem from lawn chemicals. Resources: Rachel Carson Council,Chevy Chase, Md. Natural Resourses Defense Council,New York, NW Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides, Eugene, Ore. Natl.Coal.Against Misuse,Pesticid sE7TEXENT Wash. DC 4075 W 51 st St Apt 107 Edina MN 654241408 /e,4V (/Jf/YL FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THE NISTORT OP THE WORLD, d EVERT ROMAN BL1:. IS NOE SUBJECT TO CONTACT KITH DAN - CEROUS CHE.MICALS... THE PUELIC MUST DECIDE tl11ETNER j3_-,e& IT pISI1CS TO CONTINUE ON TtlL.PRLSENT ROAD, AND IT CAN DO SO ONLT WHEN IN FULL POSSESSION OF TnL FACTS. T� RACHEL CARSON SILENT SPRING. 1962 ��- Minnesota Herbicide Coalition FOR TIIC FIRST TIRE IN THE IIISTORY OF THE WORLD, EVERY IIUNAN BEINC IS NOW SUBJECT TO CONTACT WITH DAN - 11FTfF:ICFN'f CEROUS CHE ECALS... i11P. PIISI.IC MUST DECIDE VII /.TITER 4075W51stSt Apt 107 IT WIRIIP.S TO CONTINUE WHEN ON TIIE PRESENT ROAD, AND IT CAN IN PULL Edina MN 55424 -1408 DO SO ONLY POSSESSION OP TIIE FACTS. -- RACHEL CARSON SILENT SPRING, 1962 FACTS ON WIDELY USED PESTICIDES REGISTERED FOR LAWN CARE, HOME USE HERBICIDES: 2,4 -D contains dioxin (TCDD)German study; degrades to 2,4 -DCP more toxic, persistent, known carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen, fetotoxin, paralysis; Natl Park Service, some state forest service,,communities,have banned it. 2,4 -D found in over 1,000 products; effects bird production, toxic'to fish, bees, aquatic insects. EPA lists as groundwater contaminant Dicamba: EPA suspects dioxin, extreme mobility in soil, EPA priority list in groundwater, persistenee(2mo -1 yr)no. of data gaps as carcinogen; effects—tree roots, toxicity effects birds, fish, bees. DACTHAL; )DCPA) contains dioxin (TCDD) breaks down to HCB, persisten, carcin- ogen, kidney, liver, eye, heart, birth defects; found in human milk, dairy, meats, has RCP(birth defects) EPA may label HCB hazardous waste; Toxicity: birds, bees, fish. EPA: GROUNDWATER CONTAMINANT (YVI_n l°o -��t� - Fso7• ' °^ -`� ROUNDUP: (Glyphosate) EPA suspect carcinogen, reproductive toxicity; eye, skin irritations in humans- data gaps, contains NNG, animal carcinogen. New study finds surfacant, POEA in 15% of volume is over 3 times as acutely toxic as glyphosate, shows toxicity of pesticides be based on full formulation. SEVIN (Carbaryl)can form nitrosamine(carcinogen, mutagen) EPA's "Decision doc ument" says depresses sperm count in workers; suspect fetotoxin, teratogenic data gaps - effects nervous system. Toxicity: high to bees, aquatic insects, earth worms, fish- varies in birds. EPA: groundwater contaminant INSECTICIDES: Organophosphates - DIAZINON: degrades to TEPP(banned in 1983) Derivative of nerve gas, impairs central nervous system, behavioral changes, birth defects, suspect mutagen; EPA restricts use on golf courses, sod farms due to massive bird kills, on priority list for groundwater contaminant. DURSBAN: suspected delayed paralysis(same health effects as above) Toxicity to all wildlilRe, very high to ducks, birds, fish, bees, aquatic insects. Malathion: degrades into malaoxon(10 times more potent) EPA confirmed carcin- ogen, CNS damage, effects as above,Toxicity to all wildlife, bees, very high. dffects sperm count, mobility a probable threat to groundwater. DICOFOL: (Organochlorine,banned, 1973)Contains DDT, suspect dioxin, banned 1984; in review -found in 50% garden, lawn products. Carcinogen, mutagen, hormone changes,aplastic anemia,data gaps; Toxicity,Biocide, all wildlife. FUNGICIDE: DACONIL (Chlorothalonil) contains dioxin, has HCB(banned) persis- tent, cancer causing, reproductive toxicity, kidney,CNS, peripheral effects; direct cause of death of navel officer on golf course. Toxicity; birds, fish bees, very high aquatic organizms. Daconil on EPA priority,groundwater con- taminant. Sources: N.W. Coalition for Alternative to Pesticides, Eugene, Ore. National Coalition Against Misuse of Pesticides, Wash. D.C. Rachel Carson Council, Inc. Chevy Chase, Md. CITY OF EDINA PARK AND RECREATION DEPARTMENT MEMORANDUM DATE: June 17, 1994 TO: Mayor Frederick Richards and members of the City Council. FROM: John Keprios, Director SUBJECT: Staff report regarding u e of herbicides. - Recently, I received a copy of the well written letter addressed to Mayor Fred Richards from Kristine McKeon - Rohman concerning the City of Edina's use of herbicides. Ms. McKeon - Rohman also mailed copies to all City Council members, the Edina Park Board and Vincent Cockriel, Park Foreman. In addition, this letter appeared in the Edina Sun Current newspaper asking concerned residents to call City Hall to voice their opinion. At the time of this staff report, the following concerned citizens have called to voice their opinion that there should be a ban on herbicides in Edina Parks: 1. Karol & Rick Schneider 929 -0984 6905 West Shore Drive Edina, MN 55435 2. Carol Maresca 921 -0316 7250 York Ave. So. Edina, MN 55435 (Also prefers a ban on all fertilizers and pesticides.) 3. Sally Mays 920 -6013 5529 Countryside Road Edina, MN 55436 4. Steve Sinclair 926 -4781 6312 Ascroft Lane Edina, MN 55424 5. Wendy Morris 929 -8504 5524 Mirror Lakes Dr. Edina, MN 55436 6. Joyce Fossey 828 -6833 6809 Indian Hills Rd. Edina, MN 55439 7. Carol Richardson 7200 Heatherton Cir. Edina, MN 55435 8. Debbie Pelissero 942 -7938 6705 Hillside.Lane Edina, MN 55439 -2- 9. Ted & Nancy Springer 929 -4526 5809 Jeff Place Edina, MN 55436 10. Sally Ferlis 6320 Barrie Rd. Edina, MN 55435 11'. Carmel Dunlop 928 -9211 4505 Andover Rd. Edina, MN 55435 12. Ann & Bill Johnston 944 -2372 6216 Balder Ln. Edina, MN 55439 13. Earl & Lou Holdridge 4132 West t. 62nd St. Edina, MN 55424 14. Theresa Lau 4500 Andover Rd. Edina, MN 55435 15. Kathy Faus 920 -8825 4016 Monterey Ave. Edina, MN 55416 16. John Akiba & Diane Fittipaldi 927 -8158 4513 Casco Ave. Edina, MN 55424 17. Mary Madisen 4604 Moorland Ave. Edina, MN 55424 18. Kitty McClintok ( "ban only.if herbicides are potentially 7309 Oaklawn Ave. dangerous ") Edina, MN 55439 19. Karen Roehl ( "don't spray herbicides around schools ") 4424 Dunham Dr. Edina, MN 55435 20. Libby Horner 7612 Stonewood Ct. Edina, MN 55439 21. Mab Nulty 4212 42nd St. W Edina, MN 55416 22. Debra Thomas 6525 Parnell Ave. Edina, MN 55439 23. Helen Leonowitz 4416 Fondell Drive Edina, MN 55435 -3- 24. Kevin Wolfe 7403 Oaklawn Ave. Edina, MN 55439 25. Jan Dejong 7028 Kellogg Ave. Edina, MN 55435 26. Jeannine Hanson 922 -9471 5111 Wooddale Ave. Edina, MN 55424 27. Kathleen Davidson 927 -0773 4420 Fondell Dr. Edina, MN 55435 28. Kirby Schalber 4417 Fondell Drive Edina, MN 55435 There have currently been no calls received in response to Ms. McKeon - Rohman's letter who voiced an opinion that the City of Edina should continue to use herbicides in the park system. The Edina Park and Recreation Department does, however, receive numerous phone calls annually in the spring requesting that a public area of their particular interest be immediately sprayed for weed control. Regarding the May 19, 1994, incident that was referred to in Ms. McKeon - Rohman's letter, one of our trained and licensed park staff was spraying a selective herbicide at Cornelia School Park. As I understand, a copy of this product's container label was included with each letter. After our park staff personnel finished spraying only the adult softball field at Cornelia School Park, he then posted signs around the areas that were treated.. It is not clear as to whether Ms. McKeon - Rohman and her children were walking through morning dew on the grass or were in fact walking through the treated adult softball field area that was in the process of treatment. As a result of this incident, our park maintenance staff will,do the following: 1. Staff will do a better job of coordinating spraying dates and times with Edina schools so as to minimize children's exposure to freshly treated areas. 2. Staff will no longer treat any Edina School District property as has been done in the past. 3. Areas to be treated will be posted with signs prior to spraying, as opposed to after treatment is completed. It is also worthy to mention that there are no local, county, state or federal laws that mandate that herbicide treated areas must be posted with signs. The Edina Park and Recreation Department posts signs because we are concerned about the public's safety and awareness of chemically treated areas., -4- In an attempt to gather current information concerning the hazards of 2,4 -D, I called the Licensing and Certification Consultant for the United States Department of Agriculture, Mr. Wayne Daly at 297 -2746. Mr. Daly assured me that proper application of herbicides containing 2,4 -D are in his professional opinion "safer than a tablespoon of table salt." Mr. Daly explained that 2,4 -D is not on the Environmental Protection Agency's "restricted chemical list" of toxic chemicals. Upon my request for written documentation concerning any potential hazards of 2,4 -D herbicides, Mr. Daly referred me to the Industry Task Force On 2,4 -D. After speaking with the Executive Director of the Industry Task Force on 2,4 -D, Donald Page, at (800) 345 -5109, he sent me a 15 page fax that reflects the results of scientific studies conducted on 2,4 -D over the past several years. A copy of this fax is enclosed for your review. Mr. Page explained to me that' 2,4 -D has been the most studied herbicide in use today and the Industry Task Force has already spent over $30,000,000 to study this product. Mr.'Page assured me that all reliable scientific data suggests that 2,4 -D is not a carcinogen. On June 16, I received a letter from Ms. Bette Kent along with an informational flyer from the Minnesota Herbicide Coalition (a copy of both are enclosed for your review). Because this flyer of information suggested that 2,4 -D contains dioxin (TCDD) and is a known carcinogen, I faxed this information to Mr. Page for analysis. Mr. Page responded with a two page letter that he faxed to me today (a copy of this response is enclosed for your review). In addition, today I met with Gregory Senst (348 -4659) who is the Agricultural Inspector for the Conservation Environmental Management Division of Hennepin County. Mr: Senst is also of the opinion that 2,4 -D is the most researched herbicide in the history of the world and has yet to be scientifically proven to be a carcinogen. He provided me the following information: 1. AG CHEMICALS article by Bill Tindall (enclosed for your review). 2. MY TURN article by C. Everett Koop (enclosed for your review). 3. A 41 page report from the United States General Accounting Office (GAO) on LAWN CARE PESTICIDES. 4. A 112,4 -D Briefing Kit" filled with numerous articles and pamphlets on the topic of 2,4 -D. The point is that there is-a plethora of information on the subject of 2,4 -D that is available from a variety of reliable sources. It is also worthy to mention that the City of Plymouth recently contracted with the Minnesota Center for Survey Research to conduct a "PLYMOUTH PARK AND RECREATION SURVEY." This survey included several needs assessment items and various public issues concerning parks and recreation, one of which included the use of herbicides on City of Plymouth's park lands. The results of that information is enclosed for your review. Kristine McKeon - Rohman attended the Edina Park Board meeting on -5- Tuesday, June 14, 1994, and stated her views concerning the City of Edina's policy regarding the use of herbicides. After a brief discussion, the Edina Park Board did not make any recommendations. The fact is that I am certainly not an expert in the area of toxicology and must rely on experts in that field to provide their professional opinions based on scientific fact. In addition, there are many concerned citizens of Edina who object to the City's use of herbicides for perceived health hazard reasons. The Edina Park and Recreation Department is very concerned about the health and safety of.the public and we will be very supportive of whatever actions the City Council directs us to take on this issue. However, because this is a chemical health issue, it is my recommendation that the Edina City Council refer the matter to the Edina Health Advisory Board for further review and ask that the Board make a recommendation to the City Council on this matter., enclosures: 1. Plymouth Park and Recreation Survey results. 2. 15 page fax of information from Industry Task Force on 2,4 -D: 3. Letter and label copy from Kristine McKeon - Rohman. 4. Letter from Bette Kent. 5. 2 page fax letter from Don Page addressing Minnesota Herbicide Coalition information flyer. 6. "MY TURN" article by C. Everett Koop 7. AG CHEMICALS article by Bill Tindall INDUSTRY TASK FORCE II ON 2,4-D RESEARCH DATA Phone: 919 - 964 -4558 P.O. Box 5, Fax: 919 -964 -4559 3 Schooner Point Information Line: U.S. and Canada 1- 800 -345 -5109 Belhaven, NC 27810 June 16, 1994 Mr. John Keprios, Director Dept. of Parks and Recreation 4801 West 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 Dear Mr. Keprios: Thank you for your fax today, with the attached information sheet being circulated by the Minnesota Herbicide Coalition. The Industry Task Force on 2,4 -D Research Data is the organization funding the more than 300 research studies required by the. EPA for the re- registration of the herbicide 2,4 -D. The cost of these studies, if you are interested, will exceed $25 million dollars. These studies are now more than 85% complete, and essentially agree with the more than 4,000 published toxicological studies on 2,4 -D. I was more than a bit appalled at the description of 2,4 -D contained in the Minnesota Herbicide Coalition "information sheet," and will try to deal with each of the numerous charges made against 2,4 -D in the short time you have given me. The statement 112,4 -D contains dioxin (TCDD)" is untrue. Dioxin (TCDD) is an impurity produced in the production of the herbicide 2,4,5 -T, and that herbicide was banned as a result about 20 years ago. TCDD is also produced naturally (i.e., by volcanoes) and by man when certain materials are heated or burned. TCDD has never been detected in the 2,4 -D manufactured here in the U.S., although minute quantities °V (measured in parts per trillion) have been found in some 2;4 -D products manufactured outside the U.S. (See page 564 in the Journal of the American College of Toxicology, volume 11, Number 5, 1992.) There is currently little likelihood of finding TCDD in any 2,4 -D product having an EPA registration. The MHC "information sheet" also states that 2,4 -D degrades to 2,4 -DCP, which is "more toxic, persistent, known carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen, fetotoxin, paralysis;" This is all untrue. 2,4 -DCP is less toxic and dramatically less persistent than 2,4 -D, degrading at about a 10X faster rate. As a result, it is very difficult to find 2,4 -DCP once the 2,4 -D has degraded. And, as you know, 2,4 -D has a short 1 NbK rUMUE r;L.HVN Nl.. 71'7 7b44 ZI half -life. Even so, 2,4 -DCP has not been demonstrated to be a carcinogin, mutagen, teratogen or fetotoxin. Please refer to NIH Publication No. 88 -2808, National Toxicology Program, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, and to "Teratogenic Assessment of 2,4- Dichlorophenol in Fischer 344 Rats," Rodwell et al, Fundamental and Applied Tolxicology, 13, 635 -640 (1989). I'm not sure what the reference to paralysis is meant to mean, but presumably if you were to drink enough 2,4 -DCP you may well detect some paralysis. The possibility of human exposure to 2,4 -DCP, following a 2,4 -D application, is very remote, however. I am not sure what the statement, "2,4 -D found in over 1,000 products" means. There are many herbicide formulations which contain 2,4 -D, if that is what is meant. 2,4 -D, due to its short half -life, is unlikely to get into t-he food chain or the water table. The statement that "EPA U-ats (2,4 -D) as (a) groundwater contaminant" is very "':1*idsl'eading. EPA states in the Registration Standard that 2',4 -D is not a herbicide with groundwater concerns. Finally, 2,4 -D is relatively non -toxic to birds, fish and bees. I'm not sure what the term "aquatic insects" covers, but I know of no studies indicating that 2,4 -D creates problems for insects. Finally, it is Herbicide Coalition scientific studies "information sheet" activists groups as very important that the Minnesota be asked to provide references to supporting their charges. The shows only three other anti - pesticide the source of their information. Sincerely, Donald L. Page Executive Director r' . 4a G myrw& by C. Everett Koop ack in my former incarnation as a sumeon. I was distressed when cyclamates were taken out of soft drinks. I had found Fresca very much to my liking. The reason these substances were banned was because of experiments on rodents. The scien- tists found that high doses of cyclamates cause cancer in rats. Translating those scien- tific studies to someone For instance, some people think that all man- made substances, such as pesticides, should be removed from our food supply, and that every- thing occurring in nature is beneficial. To sell nothing except foods untreated by pes- ticides would not only leave storekeepers with rotting food but would also fail to protect the con- sumer against molds that in high enough concentra- tion can be lethal. People who are so wor- ried about pesticides fail to my size. I would have had pesticides. realize that the cancer rates to drink four bathtubs full have dropped over the past of Fresca daily for about "seienee and 40 years. Stomach cancer eiuht years to have an has dronned more than equivalent dosage. 75 %', while rectal cancer Those who read murder good sense. has dropped more than mvsteries know that with • • �� 65 %. poison. it is the dose that will prevail... In the food supply — as counts. With coffee. it takes 96 cups to deliver a toxic dose of caffeine. and with turkey. 3.8 tons to deliver a toxic dose of malonaldehyde. In the days of my early surgical career, the state of the art in detecting the concentration of toxins was beginning to approach a sensitivity of one part per million. Anything below that was con- sidered to be zero residue. In 1965, we were able to test for parts per bil- lion: by 1975, parts per trillion. And now, we are approaching the time when we will be able to test for parts per quadrillion. Even parts per million is a minuscule measure- ment. Converted to time, it is l second per 2 years. Parts per billion converts to I second every 32 years. And parts per trillion comes out in time to a sensitivity of I second every 32,000 years. Americans are concerned because they are confused. They are confused because no one sons out for them various components of what has become the food safety issue. The public does not have a very good grasp of the relationship between the dose of a toxic sub- stance and its risk in human beings. Their infor- mation comes from those who revel in using scare tactics instead of science to warn the pub- lic about dangers in the food supply. These scare tactics lead us down the wrong path. We end up creating concern where it isn't necessary and ignoring concerns that are real. in all other public health questions — we need bet- ter understanding of the difference between risk and hypothetical risk. There is risk in almost everything we do. so we need to concentrate on the differences. The chances of your being killed in a motor vehicle (I in 6,000) are much more real than are threats from pesticides. Yet that doesn't keep us off the road, either as passengers or as pedestrians. There is another concern I have. By focusing on a hypothetical risk, like that from pesticides. not only do people find their anxiety levels elevat- ed, but by focusing on a straw man• they also feel that they are doing something to improve their health. In so doing, they often neglect all the other things that they could be doing more readily, more legitimately, and with greater effect, such as paying attention to smoking, alcohol, exercise, .balanced diet, and so on. Our food is not only the safest but also the most abundant in the world. Science and good sense will eventually prevail, but not until the pesticide terrorists have had another lick or two. ■ G Everett Koop was Surgeon General of the United States from 1981 to 1989 His comments are reprinted with permission from PROGRESSIVE FARMER. Copyright January 1992. Want to share his message? See "Up Front" on page 8 of this issue. Dealer PROGRESS S4 APRIL/ MAY 1992 AG CHEMICALS Are We About To Lose A 40 -Year Old Herbicide? Since first appearing on the commercial market in 1944; 2,4 -D has probably become the most widely used herbicide in the U.S., perhaps the world. Is its future in jeopardy? By BILL TINDALL AFTER some, 43 years of use as post - emergence we- ed control of her- baceous, broadleaf weeds. future use of 2.4 -D is being reviewed. Not only has it been an "old standbv" for cereal crops and corn, its utility for control of dandelions, Canada thistles. ,nd plantains in lawns and ornamen- tal turf is also well known. On April 29. 1980, EPA issued a 2.4. D Fact Sheet which announced that many of the studies in their scientific data files, which were used to support the registration of 2.4 -D herbicides, did not meet current -day standards for toxicology tests. In late summer that same year. EPA issued an Order and Notice informing registrants of 2,4 -D products that ad- ditional scientific information would be required if registrations were to be continued with EPA. Shortly after, an Industry Task Force on 2.4 -D Research Data formed which made a commitment to EPA to develop the requested scientific data. In the original call -in. EPA asked for 31 studies. The Task Force, consisting of 13 member companies, has com- pleted and submitted all of these stud- ies to EPA: however, EPA has not yet made comment on all studies. A widely publicized report (not part of the 31 studies) by the National Can- cer Institute (NCI) and Kansas State University (commonly known as the Cansas Study ") published Septem- SEPTEMBER 1987 ber 1986 in the Journal of the Ameri- can Medical Association (JA,IMA) alleged a link between non - Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) and the use of herb- icides, particularly 2A.D, among Kan- sas farm workers. The impact from this study resulted in EPA issuing a letter. dated September 22. 1986. to industry notifying that it intended to conduct a Special Review of 24,D. At the same time. EPA was awaiting the responses from 4 independent reviews it had in- itiated on the Kansas Study. When the results came in. 3 of the 4 did not feel that the NCI study warranted any reg- ulatory action. Evaluate The Evidence Upon reviewing and eviauating the epidemiologic literature bearing on the alleged long -term health hazards of herbicides. particularly 2.4 -D. Donald P. Morgan, M.D.. Ph.D., and professor at The University of lowa college of medicine responded to EPA's request. stating: "I don't believe the 'weight of evidence' indicates any excess risk of lymphoma among agricultural work- ers exposed to 2.4 -D. I don't believe 2.4 -D is a likely cause of lymphoma. soft tissue sarcoma. or other. cancer." Leon Burmeister. Ph.D., professor of biostatistics at The University of fowa continued...... it is my opinion that we cannot say 2.4 -D is a cause of lym- phoma based on epidemiological studies. The '.weight of evidence' should be limited to educating the users about the cautions necessary to reduce the likely risk of 2.4 -D." Dr. Brian MacMahon, professor and chairman of the Department of Epi- demiology. School of Public Health. Harvard University responded. "In my opinion, the weight of the evidence does not support the conclusion that there is an association between expo- sure to 2.4 -D and NHL." Dr. Martha S. Linet of the School of Public Health. Johns Hopkins Univer- sity tended to support the Kansas study concluding. " ... these findings sug- gest to this reviewer that the weight of scientific evidence is beginning tolean toward possible causation between herbicide exposure.. particularly 2.4 -D. and the development of non - Hodgkins lymphoma in farmers." (Emphasis added.) A recently completed epidemiology study by Dr. James S. Woods of Battelle Research Center in Seattle. WA. found no positive association between can- cer and any measure of exposure to 2,4- D among a variety of occupations which typically use phenoxy herbi- cides, also not supporting the findings of the Kansas Study. In a further attempt to clarify the sta- tus of 2.4 -D, EPA requested a Peer Re- view Study aimed at determining the classification of 2.4 -D with regard to oncogenicity (tumor causing). The EPA Peer Review committee came back in June with a recommendation of an "In- terim Category C" classification with 21 the request that the chronic rat study and the mouse oncogenicity study submitted by the Task Force both be re- peated. To support their position on this. EPA asked the FIFRA Scientific Advi- sory Panel to review the Peer Review recommendations as well as the Task Force comments concerning these matters. As it turned out. the Panel did not agree with the EPA Peer Review Com- mittee. That report concluded that. "... the present data for animals and humans are inadequate for determin- ing oncogenicity and that 2.4 -D should be classified in Group D (not in Group C where it is considered a possible hu- man carcinogen). While EPA wvas considering a Spe- cial Review• on 2.4 -D and the industry was trying to absorb the information from the NCI Report. the Province of Ontario. Canada wanted to satisfy_ it- self regarding the safety of 2.4 -D. Ac- cordingly. they commissioned an expert panel of renowned scientists to review all of the data surrounding 2.4- D and determine for the Province their 22 opinion on the safety of the product. This resulted in the 'Expert Panel Re- port on Carcinogenicity of 2.4 -D is- sued March 23. 1987. by the Canadian Centre for Toxicology. The bottom line of that report: "Overall, the panel con- cludes that the existing animal and human data are insufficient to support the finding that 2.4 -D is a carcinogen and, consequently, finds insufficient evidence to conclude that existing uses of 2.4 -D in Ontario pose significant hu- man health risk." What's The Future Of 2,4 -D? Where does all this research and dis- cussion lead the pesticide commu- nity? C.P. Bomar. Jr.. chairman of the Industry Task Force on 2.4 -D Research Data concludes. "Providing that EPA accepts the recommendations of the FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel, there should be very little regulatory impact and the user of 2.4 -D should be able to continue to utilize the product as in the past." Bomar also expects that indus- try will be required to repeat a limited portion of the rat study as recom- FARM CHEMICALS NACA's Rubber Glove Safety Program For details, contact National Agricultural Chemicals Assn. The Madison Building 1155 Fifteenth St.. N.W. Washington. D.C. 20005 Telephone: (202) 296.1585 mended by the FIFRA Scientific Ad- visory Panel. In addition. since 2.4 -D is in line for reregistration Bomar thinks manufac- turers will be required to conduct ad- ditional tests which EPA requests of all pesticide products during the rereg- istration process. In summary Bomar concludes. "I trust that the 40 years of safe use of 2.4- D. during a portion of which time it has been the largest single herbicide used in the U.S.. together with the favorable results of the 31 studies conducted by the Task Force should give consider- able comfort to the user and the in- dustrial community alike." FC _. sf A Perspective From Industry - WHAT do the manufacturers of 2.4- D think about the recent EPA re- view of the chemical? FC went to in- dustry to find out. Here is what just two companies had to say. As you are aware,,• responded Ed ward Sabala, spokesman for Ferments Plant Protection. "the Scientific Advi- sory Panel recently completed its review of 2,4 -D and concluded that 2,4-D has not been shown to be oncogenic. Results of animal and epidemiology studies are equivocal. Therefore, there is no, basis for a decision on the product 'w•ith respect to oncogenicity. Over the 40 years that the product has been in use, it has proved to be an extremely effective and eco- nomical means of weed control, and to date, it is questionable as to whether any alternative product exists that can do the job in the same manner. We see 2,4 -D continuing as part of our product lineup." Roger Gilmore of Gilmore,•Inc. stresses that 2,4-D has and continues to be an important management tool to farmers. He further explained.. "The work that has been completed by mem- bers of the 2.4 -13 task force continues to show that 2,4-D is a safe herbicide. We anticipate that the market will decrease in certain areas due to local politics, spe- cifically in the turf management area. Those -who are on the 2,4 -D task force have spent, not only considerable time, but also dollars, in improvements in the quality of 2.4 -13 and in answering the re- .quirements for maintaining registration. All the data developed supports the con- ,p of 2,4-D."-717.'Z ' FARM CHEMICALS AGENDA ITEM IV.B ��- All v N AGENDA ITEM IV.B tt�- C-11 tk- I- 01" Ruth W. Shearer, Ph. D. Consultant in Genetic Toxicology 2017 East Beaver Lake Drive S.E. Issaquah, Washington 98027 July 16, 1985 (206) 392 -5489. HEALTH EFFECTS OF 2,4 -D HERBICIDE I, Ruth W. Shearer, am.a consultant in genetic toxicology affiliated with the Issaquah Health Research Institute, a nonprofit health research organization in Issaquah, Washington. I hold a Ph.D. in molecular genetics from the University of Washington and completed a two -year postdoctoral fellowship in pathology there. For eleven years I did grant- funded research on the mechanism of carcinogenesis and other aspects of normal and abnormal gene regulation, and have published fifteen research papers on this subject. For over eight years I have intensively studied the regulation of chemicals which cause genetic toxicity (carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens) and the testing methods used to detect these effects in animals and to predict risk to humans. I have been a consultant in this field for seven years, assisting public agencies and citizens' organizations. In the spring of 1979, under a contract with the Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle, I made a comprehensive search of the international scientific literature for all available data rele- vant to the health effects of four herbicides including 2,4- dichloro- phenoxyacetic acid (2 4 -D ) and its salts and esters; this was pub- lished in January 1980 ). Since that time I have received many inquires from persons from all over the United States who have suffered poisoning symptoms after 2,4 -D exposure; symptoms reported are in agreement with those descriMeR in the published literature, suggesting a clear syndrome of human acute toxicity and residual injury. J�( � I am familiar with the medical histories of more than �O people who have been acutely poisoned by 2.4 D alone or in combination with other herbicides. Many of these are still incapacitated years later. Acute symptoms related to2_.t4 -D exposure include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, temporary loss of vision, weakness, burnin eyes, sore throat with burning in chest, and difficulty in thinking "I feel like all my wires are crossed "). Residual effects include numbness and tingling in hands and feet, chronic respiratory impair- ment, bleeding tendency, concentration and memory problems, and hypersensitivity to non - physiologic chemicals which prevents partic- ipation in most modern job environments. Many of those injured were young forestry workers, but others were poisoned by drifting of an aer'a spray, hand - spraying weeds, drinking from a contaminated spring, mowing a newt -s ra ed lawn or inhaling powdered 2 4 -D. Reports of other cases of 294- poisoning with similar sympoms have been published. G� Although most of the human 2,4 -D poisoning symptoms referable to the nervous system are undetectable in test animals, altered brain function and paralysis have been reported. A rat study demonstrates impaired function of the blood -brain barrier during 2,4 -D poisoning (2). This is supported by the observation that blood cells appear in the cerebrospinal fluid as a consequence of capillary injuries. Another study using rats, cats, and dogs (3) reports that: ...inhibition of cerebral electrical activity was observed in the acute experiments and in the chronic experiments the same was present to a gradually increasing degree. Toxic EEG signs were developing. According to conditioned reflex experiments, higher nervous activity suffered severe damage. ...no obvious morphological change is produced in the nerve cells by 294 -D. Obviously the metabolism and biological functions of the nerve cells are damaged by ?.4-D. The possibility of sub - microscopic changes in the structure cannot be excluded. The histological changes manifesting themselves in the region of the spinal cord may be responsible for the paralyses of the extremities. On the basis of'the data obtained in animal experiments it must be assumed that human subjects exposed to the action of 2,4 -D also may suffer via smaller dose, milder disturbances in function of the nervous system ... Animal research on the effects of 2.4 -D points to the likelihood of other serious side effects. 2,4 -D is fat - soluble, and therefore rapidly absorbed through all normal routes of human exposure (inhala- tion, ingestion, or skin absorption). The salts and esters of 2,4 -D are promptly hydrolyzed to the acid; therefore the toxicology of these compounds is similar, and all are called 2,4 -D in this statement which necessarily summarizes the data. ?-xA,-D is rapidly distributed into all tissues (including through the "placenta) and moves readily into cell nuclei. It is apparently not metabolized in the body, and is excreted fairly rapidly in the urine: No evidence of storage in animals has been found, indicating that long -term effects on health are of a hit -run nature. Although those who advocate and defend the use of herbicides usually focus on acute toxicity (as defined by the lethal dose), this is of lit - tle relevance to the problem of chronic ftKp9=g2Xe to low levels which occurs when the chemical is wide y distributed in the environment by such means as roadside brush treatment, forest spraying, agricultural use, and rights-of-way maintenance. Injury which accumulates with time of exposure to low levels low -level chronic poisoning) may reduce the level of human physical and mental functioning; irreversible cel- lular injuries can lead to cancer, mutations, sterility, or birth de- fects. Carcinogenicity testing of 2,4 -D has been limited to three studies. The experimental design or assay of these is inadequate a6cording to present standards. In spite of this, the two American studies reanal- yzed by Reuber (1983) demonstrate statistically significant increases in malignant tumors when analyzed by organ systems (4)(5)(6). In both mice and rats, the lymphoreticular system was most sensitive to 2,4 -D carcinogenesis, but other organs also showed increases in rats. Inadequately designed assays for carcinogenesis will give false negatives, not false positive results. Therefore, such studies cannot be used to shot, safety of a test substance, but positive results should 3 R.W. Shearer be considered valid proof of hazard. The only other carcinogenicity study on _? j -D done at the Academy of Medical Science of the USSR (7). This included three experiments, two of __ which were negative for complete carcinogenesis in rats and mice, but with the third indicating tumor promoting activity in mice. Carcinogenesis is a step -wise process passing through the following stages: 1. Initiation -- An almost immediate, irreversible change in the target cell's way of processing genetic information, which makes it premalignant. This is a hit -run injury; the initiator need not remain in the cell. 2. Promotion -- Little- understood sequential changes which convert the premalignant cell to a fully malignant one. Promoters can be more of the same chemical which initiated the injury, a different non - physiological chemical, and normal physiological factors such as hormones or obesity. Such changes are reversible in the absence of the initiating effect. 3. Growth -- One malignant cell divides to form a mass of cells (a tumor); this may not require any stimulation. 4. Progression -- Loss of normal gene function, allowing the malignant cells to metastasize, develop drug resistance, etc. through natural selection. A complete carcinogen is one which can induce the first three stages listed above. Current National Cancer Institute guidelines for car- cinogenicity (issued in 1976) assay for complete carcinogens only. Chemicals which only initiate or only promote would usually be missed by this test system. The high background incidences of tumors in the control animals in the two Arisen carcinoge city studies on 2 4 -D are similar to the rate in the human population in the United States M% spontaneous cancer rate in lifetime studies), making it impossible to discriminate between a complete carcinogen and a promoter of existing unintentionally initiated pre - neoplastic cells. Because of the irreversible nature of the initiating lesion, pre- malignant cells-are cumulative over the lifetime of the animal so th, at there can be no threshold dose which poses no risk. Although cellular enzymes can alter chemicals to either increase or decrease the cancer - initiating form of a chemical, and therefore increase or decrease the number of cells initiated by a given dose, there is no evidence nor any rationale for believing that this mechanism could ever be 100% effective in blocking contacts between the initiator and its target. A recent Food and Drug Administration study of low -dose carcinogenesis in extremely large numbers of mice (the ''megamouse "experiment, also known as the megadollar experiment) could detect no threshold below which no cancers were induced. There is also solid laboratory evi- dence that chemically- initiated cells are not repaired (mouse skin initiator- romoter experiments (8) and rat liver RNA transport exper- iments (9)�. Cancer promoters may be harmless in the absence of initiated cells. However, since everyone in these times has many initiated cells, the hazard of tumor promoters is very real and demands serious consideration. This has been recognized by the Occupational Safety and-Health Adminis- tration, which concludes that "... it would not be practicable or jus- tifiable to establish different criteria for identification, classifi- cation, or regulation of initiating and promoting agents 11 �9 b). 2 4- Dichlorophenol, a highly volatile impurity carried over from synthesis o e.4 -D, and also the first -level ma 'or breakdown product of 2.4 -D. is an efficient promoter of skin carcinogenesis in mice, (10), It is also irimunosuppressive (11), causing the kind of immune system imbalance which is most often seen in persons afflicted tiT= thermal hypersensitivities. Several human epidemiologic studies showing increased cancer rates following 2,4 -D exposure have involved exposure to other pesticides as well, making it impossible to prove a cause and effect relationship in this manner. However, a recent Swedish study of patients who had rare soft tissue sarcomas revealed that the patients were significantly more likely to have been exposed to phenoxy herbicides or chlorophenols than were controls (12). A person occupationally exposed to phenoxy herbicides was 6.8 times more likely to develop soft tissue sarcomas; when only herbicides such as 2,4 -D and MCPA (which do not contain 293,798 -TCDD) are considered, the estimated risk drops to 4.2 times normal. A separate study of malignant 1 m homa exposure to phenoxy herbicides increase yr -4.8- l� lmess showed that 8 (13). Analysis of exposure to only 2,4 -D type herbicides was n =Fin this case. Human epidemiology is a very insensitive science, so the finding of even small increased risk should be a warning of possible serious prob- lems. �. 2 4 -n has been shown to cause point mutations in animal cells, chromosome damage and mutagenicity in human lymphocytes in vitro, DNA damage which mimics the effect of ionizing radiation, and stimulation of cell division in non - dividing muscle cells (14,22,23,24). The primary use of testing for ability to cause mutations or DNA damage at present is as a pre- screen for likely carcinogens. However mutation is a most undesirable injury in its own right. Aging of ti. sues is thought to involve an accumulation of mutated cells.. Mutation, in germ cells can result in loss o ertility. early death of the em- bryo, or malformation and malfunction which may lead to death in the fetal or neonatal period. The three - generation reproduction test is now a part of the standard testing procedure for environmental chemicals. An early Food and Drug Administration study (4) detected no interference of 294 -D with repro - duction and fertility in rats, but a more recent Russian study (15) demonstrated loss of fertility in both sexes of rats after relatively low doses of 2_,4-D butyric acid (a herbicide of the 2,4 -D family). Impaired fertilizability was also observed in first generation progeny, and in the third generation there was a 12% incidence of hairless and 15% incidence of dwarf young among the newborn, indicating induction of recessive mutations in the germ cells of the treated grandparents. Birth defects can be the result of mutations in the sperm or egg before conception, toxic injury to the embyro or fetus during develop- ment, or nutritional imbalance resulting from maternal toxicity. These three problems can be separated by appropriate experimental design. The significance of various forms of developmental toxicity induced by 2,4 -D in test animals depends on this separation. The hairless progeny and dwarfism reported above are of the first kind (mutation) since no 2,4 -D was given at any time during the pregnancy. Skeletal and eye malformations and fetal deaths have been reported only when doses pro- ducing maternal toxicity have been given during pregnancy, but malfo: mation and malfunction of the peripheral_ circulatory system were seen after very low doses. The effec s o -D on the fe a circulatory system are synergistic with thoseof it's impurity and degradation product, 5 R.W. Shearer 2,4- dichlorophenol; there was a significant increase in fetuses with hemorrhaging cavities, organs, and soft tissues at doses at which neither chemical produced an effect alone (0.1 mg /kg /day) (16). This suggests a greater risk from exposure after part of the 2 4 -D has been broken down by soil microorganisms than immediately after spraying. The U.S. Council on Environmental Quality recently released a report on the chemicals for which it is possible to compare the low - est dose which causes reproductive effects in humans and animals. (For eight out of eight teratogenic chemicals, humans were susce - tible at lower doses than the most sensitive animal species (17r Humans were also distinctly most sensitive to seven out of eight chemicals having non- teratogenic reproductive effects. Current teratology testing would not detect functional defects incompatible with postnatal life, minor changes in brain function, or long -term effects such as prenatally - induced cancer. Perinatal animals are susceptible to carcinogenesis by substances which are inactive in adults of the same species. 2,4 -D has been in use since the 1940s, but prior to 1972, no testing for chronic or cumulative injury was required for pesticide registration. Health testing requirements consisted primarily of determination of acute toxicity based on single lethal dose; pes- ticide labels are still based on this. 11CAi7TIQN11, "WA NI G ", or 1 "DANGER" wording on the label indicates decreasing amounts of the chemical needed to cause death, but this has no correlation with the risk o ow ose, cumu a ive, or long -term effects as in nervous system damage, cancer, or fetal injury (which involve prolonged / suffering) or mutagenic effects which are even longer lasting, affecting future generations. Since the passage of major Congressional amendments to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) in 1972, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been responsible for reviewing and re- registering more than 35,000 pesticides whose registrations were carried over from previous regulatory agencies, as well as registering new pesticides. Re- registrations and new registrations were to be done under expanded criteria that included chronic and genetic health effects tested by current standards. In 1980, after completion of a special review of the status of health testing of 2'.4 -D, the EPA concluded, 11, **significant information gaps exist on the effects of 2,4 -D, preventing a definite conclusion on the safety of the herbicide" (18). On August 29, 1980, the EPA ordered registrants of herbicides containing 2.4-n .to develop and submit extensive additional testing data or face loss of registration (19). Required testing included cancer studies in rats and mice, a reproduction study, teratogenicity studies, sub - chronic oral neurotoxicity studies, metabolism studies in dogs, rats, and pregnant dogs, and dermal absorption and toxicity studies. Despite missing evidence in all of the above —Cat ties and am�e evidence of serious a vc erse effects in the publisYhedliterature _ , 2 4-D remained rQZiste ed, so wi a exrozure of unwilld.n-c-hum_ans con- tinues w-ftTo-dut appropriate records of reported toxic effects which \ might make the huge human experiment of some scientific value. A primary consideration in the EPA's conclusion that "the presentl available information on the potential Y does not support a regulatory action to remove health 94. -D effects r 2 .7 4 -D market" was that "there is no evidence available �atDthisdtime that 2h4 -D contains any form of dioxin . A few ' tists reported that'12 out of 26 commercial nsampleseof Can D analczed for dioxin content were positive at 80 to 8000 arts /j for Mree types of dioxin: 2 P per billiony(ppb) / ,7- 297-p- dioxin (DCDD), 1,3,7 - trick oro i enzo =p� dioxin, and 1,3,6,8- tetrachlorodibenzo -p- dioxin. After�receiving this information, the EPA still took no action to restric 2,4 -D exposure, but began a sampling program to determine whether dioxin contam� ants are present in U.S. this pro ram Products. During the first phase of g 3 out of 30 samples were found to contain DCDD in concen- trations below 0 ppb and no TCDD was detected. However w Positive samples were sent to another laboratory for higherresolutionree confirmation, concentrations of DCDD up to 184 out of the 3 samples contained 1939618 -TCDD at 6 tow11 found, and 2 27 samples were not assayed by the most sensitive procedure and other of the 30 samples was tested for the trichloro- dioxin found �innCanade analyses. In addition, the higher resolution laboratory it ' extremely high concentra ratory reported that dons of unidentified chlorinated contaminants were also present in the _UzS._._samples, - - -- — ----------- _ There are few data available on the toxic effects of the dioxins in 2,4 -D, A Dow Chemical Company study reported that DCDD was minimally )Dtoxic. however, Khera and Ruddick of the Health Protection Branch, epartment of National Health and teratological injury to the heart muscleein C fetdus esf of rats i 20 indicated) ngnficat or 1.0 significant � 20). /day of DCDD (suppression of growth of cardiac tissue was A bioassay of 2,7 -DCDD for possible carcinogenicity in rats and mice was completed in 1979 under sponsorship of the National Cancer Institute. Rats developed toxic liver lesions but no tumors in excess of controls. In male mice, liver tumors occurred in dose - related incidences; there were also significant increases in the incidence of leukemias and lymphomas, hemangiosarcomas, and hemangiomas in the low- - dose male mice, but not in the high -dose group (21). Although the dioxins found in -2 4 -D are not nearl as toxic as the l one present in 2,4�5��,3�798- tetrac orodibenzo- clearly add health hazard of 2 P- Toxin , they to be much more resistant o degradat_o'_'hana2se they would be expected fatty tissue like the 2,3,7,8 -TCDD. ,4 -D, and to be stored in After EPA demanded new toxicological data on a consortium of chemical manufacturers formed the Ind dlustiiv ;980, Force on 2 �` to sponsor the needed studies. - were submitted to EPA in 1983 revealed the following tadverse heffects (25): Teratology studies in rats showed fetotoxicit mg/kg/day, below maternal NOEL of 100 mg/kg/day) Y (NOEL 25 mg /kg /day, reproduction study in rats was equivocally not teratogenicity. A of weanlin s at positive for reduced viability g 5 mg /kg /day'. 90 -day feeding studies in both rats and mice showed historathological changes in renal tubules at the lowest doses tested (1 mg /]gig /day in rats and showed increased thyroid weight at the 5lollest /dose. mice). Rats also indicate that the currently -used NOEL for 2 These results do not determine a new NOEL because serious �advversefeffectshwere but at the lowest doses tested. a seen 7 R. We Shearer 1. Shearer, Ruth W. and Halter, Mark (January 1980) Literature Reviews of Four Selected Herbicides: 21,14-D Dichlobenil Di uat & En othall. Municipality o Metropolitan Seattle, 1 -34. 2. Elo, Heikki and Ylitalo, Pauli (1977) Substantial Increase in thel Levels of Chlorophenoxyacetic Acids in the CNS of Rats as a Result of Severe Intoxication. Acta Pharmacol. et Toxicol-. 41, 280 -284. 3. Desi, I., Sos, J., Olasz, J., Sule, F., and Markus, V. (1962) Ner- vous System Effects of a Chemical Herbicide. Arch. of Env. Health 4 (1), 95 -102, 4. Hansen, W.H., Quaife, M.L., Habermann, R.T., and Fitzhugh, O.G. (1971) Chronic Toxicity of 294- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Rats and Dogs. Toxicol. and Applied Pharmacol. 20, 122 -129 5. Bionetics Research Labs, Inc. (1968) Evaluation of Carcinogenic, Teratogenic, and Mutagenic Activities of Selected Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals. Vol. I, Carcinogenic Study. Vol. II, Teratogenic Study. National Technical Information Service, U.S. Dept. of Commerce. 6. Reuber, Melvin D. (1983) CarcinogPnicitY and Toxicity of 2,4 -D. The Science of'the Total Environment 31, 203 -218. 7. Arkhipov, G.N. and Kozlova, I.N. (1974) Study of the Carcinogenic Properties of the Herbicide Amine Salt of 2,4 -D. Voprosy Pitaniya 5, 83 -84. 8. Berenblum, I. (1974) Carcino enesis as a Biolo icai Froblem. North Holland Publishing Co. 4,?-4j. 9. Shearer, Ruth W. (1974) Specificity of Chemical Modification of Ribonucleic Acid Transport by Liver Carcinogens in the Rat. Bio- chemistry 13, 1764 -1767. 96. 4S F2 5t57., 1/2.1-,/1p . 10:. Boutwell, R.K. and Bosch, Dorothy K. (1959) The Tumor - Promoting Action of Phenol and Related Compounds for Mouse Skin. Cancer Research 19, 413 -424. 11. Exon J.H., Henningsen, G.M.,'Osborne, C.A., and Koller, L.D. (198 4) Toxicologic, Pathologic, and Immunotoxic Effects of 2,4- Dichlorophenol in Rats. J. Tox. and Environ. Health 1}1, 723_730. 12. Eriksson, M., Hardell, L., Berg, N.O., Moller, T., and Axelson,0. (1979) Case - Control Study on Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors of the Soft Tissue and Exposure to Chemical Substances. Lakartidningen 769 3872 -3875. 13. Hardell, L., Eriksson, M., and Lenner, P. (1980) Malignant Lymphoma and Exposure to Chemical Substances -- Especially Organic Solvents, Chlorophenols, and Phenoxy Acids. Lakartidningen 77, 208 -210. 8 R.W. Shearer 14. Ahmed, F.E., Lewis, N.J., and hart, R.Vi. (1977)' Pesticide Induced Ouabain Resistant 1,.,utants 'in C:iinese Hamster V79 Cells. Chen. -Biol. Interactions 19, 369 -374• 15. Belova, R.S. and Sokolova, L.A. (1971) Toxicological Evaluation of the Herbicide 2.4-D-r-Butyric Acid from the Standpoint of Food Hygiene. Gigiena I Sanitariya 36, 211 -215. 16. Konstantinova, T.K., Ephimenko, L.P., and Antonenko, T.A. (1976) The Embryotropic Effect of the Dissociation Products of Herbicides Based on 2,4 -D. Gigiena I Sanitariya 11, 102 -105. 170 Council on Environmental Quality (1981) Chemical Hazards to Human Reproduction. U.S. Government Printing-Office. 18. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (April 29, 1980) Environmental News Release and Fact Sheet. 19. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (August 29, 1980) Order and Notice to Registrants. 20. Khera, K.S. and Ruddick, J.A. (1973) Polychlorodibenzo -p- dioxins: Perinatal Effects and the Dominant Lethal Test in Wistar Rats. Advances in Chemistry Ser. 120. Ed. R.F. Gould, 70 -84. 21. National Cancer Institute (1979) Bioassay of 2 7-Dichlorodibenzo- p- dioxin (DCDD) for Possible Carcinogenicity. De artment o Health. Education, and Welfare DHEW Publication No. (NIH� 79- 1378). 22. Korte, C., and Jalal, S.M. (1982) 2,4 -D Induced Clastogenicity and Elevated Rates of Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Cultured Human Lymphocytes. J. of Heredity 73, 224 -226. 23. Hart, H.Vv% , hays, S., Brash, D., Daniel, F.B., Davis, M.T., and Lewis, N.J. (1977) In Vitro Assessment and Mechanism of Action of Environmental Pollutants. Ann. N.Y. Academy of Science 298, 141 -158. 24. Basrur, S.V., Pletcher, R.A., and Basrur, P.K. (1976) In'Vitro Effects of 2,4- Dichlorof)henoxy Acetic Acid (2,4 -D) on Buvine Cells. Can. J. Comp. Med. 40, 408 -415. 25. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (October 11, 1984) One- liners on 2,4 -D. �aw.( � m oik, 9yo GPs testing, EPA allows 2, 4 -D to retain a "conditional registration" status, which means it is "safe" to use while further testing is completed. A complete volume (176 pages) of this reregistration standard is available from Registratrions Division, OPP , U.S. EPA; 401 M St. SW; Washington, D.C. 20406. An abbreviated 2,4 -D fact sheet is published annually and reflects the political and scientific evolution of the use of this pesticide. -- 3. EPA. October 13,1989. 2,4 -D, 2,4 -DB, 2,4 -DP; Status of consideration for special review. Vol. 54 Federal Register, - No. 197, page 42032. page 21 This report does not demystify bat Howeverusitogives aD,brief according to the EPA, will eventually e history of 2,4 -D with the EPA, and officially es on 2,4 D when they are vows to thoroughly consider the new st - completed. Meanwhile, any type of registration by the EPA is pending. TT Cancer When establishing the relationship between a disease (most notable with 2,4 -D is cancer) and chemicals such as sti ides, he two most common techniques employed are 1) controlled epidemiological laboratory ory experiments with animals and mi Environmental) Impact Statement investigations. The Forest S ervice (EIS) weighs the pros and cons of laboratory versus real -life data on page 25 of this packet. This account, although informative, does not mention how the laboratory animal studies have been rife with controversies within the scientific community. For example, disputed Reubhe ref. #8) of the National Cancer Institute ardently conclusions of a widely distributed study by Hansen of the Fo od and Drug Administration (see ref. #8, and Hansen, Appendix C -5). Although criteria for acceptance of an animal experiment by the EPA supposedly are stringent, abundant controversy surrounds the interpretation of these laboratory studies. Human epidemiology, which also sparks controversy in interpretation, offers a rich information base that citizens will find helpful ful in changing 2,4 -D use patterns. Because it is an insensitive science (see Shearer, page 2), even a slight rate of perceived risk in human epidemiology is often indicative of serious health problems. CV—eA_ viii There are three common types of epidemiological studies: 1) case - control studies, which first notice the effects on humans and then explore a cause; 2) cohort studies, which analyze through time a group known to be exposed; and 3) ecological studies which will determine . a relationship between average exposure level and number of cases in the exposed population often in a large geographic area. The epidemiology studies in this packet are case - control studies. Other than the few studies that examined the purity of a (phenoxy herbicide formulation before experimentation, it is unclear as to whether the 2,4 -D acid and /or some of the formulations and contaminants, are the causative agents. More and more carcinogenic contaminants are being identified in 2,4-D c om_nounds. In 1982, . the EPA learned of four amine formulations of 2,4 -D that were contaminated with N- nitroso compounds (nitrosoamines). One of these, diethylnitrosoamine, is a potent -wnof in all 20 animal spas in which it has been tested (Lijinsky, W. 19 . ea th problems associated with nitrites and nitrosamines. AMB10 5(2): 67- 72.).- The contaminants (including various dioxins), os lvents, prese_a�ives, emulsifiers, and anti - volatility agents present in 2� formulations are trade secr t and are generally completely unknown to the public (also se e Appendix A). 4. United States Forest Servii competing and unwanted impact statement (EIS). Portland, OR: USDA, U.S. Region. :e. November 1988. Managing vegetation; Final environmental Section H, Human Epidemiology. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest page 24 This unprecedented documentation in a federal environmental impact statement (EIS) summarizes 2,4 -D epidemiological studies, and is included here also as a model of the kind of review that pesticide EIS's should include. Cancer is the leadin2, manifestation of 2,4 -D health effects that has been studied in humans. Bne , up -to- date narratives cover lung cancer, stomach cancer, leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non- Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), and soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Reproductive effects and neurological effects are also mentioned. Charts summarizing case control studies are not included. The entire EIS, covering 16 herbicides, consists of seven volumes which can be ordered free from Fay Shon; Pacific Northwest Region, USDA Forest Service; P.O. Box 3623; Portland, OR 97208. The volume with ix r i P� Appendices D and H (quantitative and qualitative risk analyses) is 509 pages. The qualitative risk analysis is the more candid. Pg . 5. Hardell, Lennart, and Mikael Eriksson. 1988. The association between soft tissue sarcomas and exposure to phenoxyacetic acids. Cancer 62:652 -656. page 33 Previously, Hardell correlated exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or chlorophenols and soft tissue sarcomas (STS) using case - control (case- referent) information. Because subsequent studies used the same procedure and did not arrive at the same conclusions (see Hoar . Iet. al. page 38), Hardell successfully reproduced his previous findings with this recent study. Malignant lymphoma patients showed that phenoxy herbicide exposure increases risk 4.8 times more than the control (unexposed) groups. See also O'Brien's article "Those 'Swedish Studies' by Hardell: Phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, and cancer" in Appendix C -4. 6. Hoar, Shelia K., et. al. 1986. Agricultural herbicide use and risk of lymphoma and soft - tissue sarcoma. J. American Medical Association 256:1141 -1147. page 38 This investigation by researchers at the National Cancer . Institute corroborates the case - control studies done in Sweden by ! ltar (page 33) in which the association between phenoxy iher icide usage and non - Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) was initially suggested. This case- contro stu one in Kansas where 1 her�6 cides (especially 2,4 -D) are heavily used in agriculture and reporting of cancer is compulsory by law. Past histories of white males . recently diagnosed for cancer are compared to control subjects (white males) from the general population. A six -fold increased risk of NHL was found for frequent users (more than 20 days a year) of herbicides. Those who mixed and applied herbicide and were exposed more than 20 days a year were eight times as likely to contract NHL. No significant correlation was observed for herbicide exposure and soft tissue sarcoma (see Hardell, above). Other factors associated with increased NHL risk were (a) increasi� n—r nOd of time of exposure; (b) not using protective equipment; (c) using a backpack or hand s rayers; (d) employing tractor - mounted or mist ower spraying; an (e) applying herbicides aerially. x 1i NEWS FROM AROUND ■ ■ RESEARCH This Groundwater Survey Is Coming Soon to Your State The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is now on its way with the first National Pesticide Survey of both public and private drinking water wells. The Survey, begun August 1988 and con- tinuing through early 1990, involves sampling randomly chosen wells na- tionwide in order to document the presence of 127 different pesticides, including a few breakdown products and nitrates, in drinking water wells. The Survey, expected to cost $8.9 million, will be testing approximately 600 community and 750 domestic wells. In order to avoid a seasonal bias, the EPA will be sampling wells over .the entire two year period rather than testing all wells during one season. State water supply agencies are sampling community wells while Survey -contracted operators are sam- pling domestic wells. Five different laboratories contracted and overseen CHEMICAL DRIFT volatilization 1 ediment ^� by the EPA are analyzing the samples using eight different methods, six of which were developed specifically for the Survey. The accuracy of these methods was tested during a 1987 field pilot study. The final survey report, due in the lat- ter part of 1990, may help the EPA plan regulation of agricultural chemicals and will aid the EPA's Office of Drinking Water in its assessments of treatment systems. If a pesticide is found at untolerably high levels in many samples, the EPA could theoretically issue an emergency suspension on it or else initiate an ex- pedited special review process which could take four years. The EPA will only become involved in regional affairs if there is a large pesticide "hot spot" or if levels of a cer- tain pesticide appear particularly threatening. The survey data may also provide a M brush �• runoff L alder trigger that will push Congress to allocate more funds to the problem. The 1988 reform of the national pesticide law, the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), did not address pesticide contamination of groundwater (see "After Ten Years, the Nation's Pesticide Law Doesn't Look Much Better," p. 35). Perhaps more important than the EPA and na- tional legislator's reactions will be each state's responses (see •'Policy Options for Pest Management at the State Level," pp. 28 -30). Survey results will be sent to each state's Department of Agriculture and to their agency responsible for drinking water. The EPA, assisted by the states, will notify community water systems and private well owners of the results of their well analysis. If a contaminant is found, owner - operators will receive an official notification letter and a packet of health advisory information on the specific pesticide or pesticides found in their well water. Private well owners whose drinking water contains a con- e e rain f e e •� e a e e conifer groundwater 1� I 38 - JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / VOL. 8, !l i ® NEWS FROM AROUND ■ taininant will be encouraged to seek more information on retesting and treatment. They may also have their wells retested and have the samples analyzed by 1:PA labs free of charge. It will be up to the state though, to decide whether or not to notify surrounding well owners of those results. All information is available to the lxtblic upon request. General informa- tion, individual health advisories, a list Of community water systems being tested in each state, and your place - ntent on the survey mailing list can be obtained by calling EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline, I- (800)- •12GA791 toll - free Mondm, thrmigh Friday from 8:30 a.nl. to +:io p.m. EST. Specific informa- tion about pesticides included in the survey is available through EPA's Na- tional Pesticide Telecom munications Network seven days a week, 24 hours a clay, at 1- (800) -858 -7378. —Juki Woge I. US Kim ronnn•nIaI I'rnlerliml Agency. National i'esticide Survey I liviale..hire 1988. February 1'.188. 2. US 1•:nvirunmenlal Pio leclion Agencv. linrironurrruul \'errs, April IS. 1989. ):3. US Envin nnivulal 1'nrtectmn Agency. National Pesticide Survey I'i1,4 .Shrde Kelmrt. .—rxecWiveSurnmarv,( )o(pber I'.)87. Priori Pesticides tVhich Have a High Potential for Leaching into Groundwater (U.S. EPA) Acifluorfen Diphenamid Alachlor "s-c- Disulfoton Aldie'arb Diuron Aldicarb Sulfone EDH AldiCarb Sulfoxide L•'ndrin Ametryn ETU • Atrazine Fenamiphos Baygon Fluometuron Bentazon Heptachlor Bromacil Heptachlor epoxide Butylate Ilexachlorobenzene • Carbarvl Hexazinone Carbofuran Methomyl Carboxin • Methoxychlor Chloramben Metolachlor Chlbrdane -alpha Metribuzin Chlordane- gamma +► Nitrates gthalonil Oxamyl Pr i m�(!r c Picloram 2, 1 Mt. Springs Water System perti Pronamide DBCP Propachlnr • Diaziuon I'ropazine • Dicamba Propfiam 1,2- Dichloropropene Simazine cis -1,3- Dichloro- Randy & Kathy High ` " propene Tebuthiuron trans -1,3- Dichloro- Terbacil propene Terbufos Dieldrin 2,4,5 -TP Dinoseb Trifluralin 'rime Periods indicate when sampling will be scheduled: I. August-December 1988. it. January-June 1989. Ili. July - December 1989. Unless otherwise Indicated In brackets, only one well will be sampled in each community water.system. 1, Indian land. Information on the locations of water systems tribe ', tested in other states may be obtained from the Safe Drinking Water Mtftne 1 {800}426 -4791 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / WINTER 1989 914 U.S. Environmental Protection. Agency,_ " National Plesticide Survey List of Community Water Systems To Be Sampled Location Community Water System Time " Period• CALIFORNIA (northern) Fremont Alameda County. Water Dist. 1 Jackson Amador County Service Area No. 1 11 Tulelake Newell County Water.Dist 1 Ekl Grove Elk Grove Water Works,-Inc.: III" Sacramento Citizens Utilities Co. of CA "• . ll Stockton Wilkinson Manor 1 .. . Lodi City of Lodi Stockton City of Stockton 11 (2) Stockton San Joaquin County Dept. Pub. Works 11 (2) Los Gatos Mt. Springs Water System I Palo Alto Palo Alto Water Division 1 Sunnyvale City of Sunnyvale 111 Bodega Camp Meeker Water Systems, Inc. II . Modesto Randy & Kathy High ` " If Modesto Modesto City Water Dept., 11(2) Sonora Tuolumne Regional Water Dist. ...:. .. 1 W. Sacramento West Sacramento East Yolo I IDAHO Hayden Lake Honeysuckle Hill Water System [ Meridian Evergreen Mobile Park 1 Emmett Emmett Water System II Eagle Chaparral Water Assn. I " Amer. Falls Riverview Villa III MONTANA Poplar Ft. Peck Housing Auth ° 11 (4) Kalispell Alpine Mobile Manor 111 Boulder City of Boulder 1 Vaughn Vaughn Cascade County Water /Sewer Dist." II Missoula Harveys Mobile Home Court II OREGON Boring Pioneer Mobile Home Park II Grants Pass Sky Crest Heights Property Owners Assn. 1 Marcola Marcola Water Dist. 111 Beaverton Wolf Creek Highway Water Dist. 111 Salem Keizer Water Dist. -Cedar Park II Grants Pass Blue Moon Railer Park If Oregon City Highland View Mobile Home Park . I WASHINGTON Greenacres Consolidated brig. Dist. 019 System II Grapeview Detroit Water Service Assn.' I Fife Fife Dept. Pub. Works 11 Fircrest Town of Fircrest 11 Oak Harbor Flowers Water Co. ll Granite Falls Granite Falls Water Dept. 11 Olympia Holiday Ranchettes 111 Kennewick City of Kennewick I Freeland W & B Water Works 101 111 Mesa Mesa Water Dept. 1 Takoma Mobile Manor Railer Park:: j. 1 Lakewood Seven Lakes Water Assn. Bellevue 'hails End 11 Sedro Wooley Valley View Estates Water Assn.. 1 Vancouver City of Vancouver II 'rime Periods indicate when sampling will be scheduled: I. August-December 1988. it. January-June 1989. Ili. July - December 1989. Unless otherwise Indicated In brackets, only one well will be sampled in each community water.system. 1, Indian land. Information on the locations of water systems tribe ', tested in other states may be obtained from the Safe Drinking Water Mtftne 1 {800}426 -4791 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / WINTER 1989 914 i �I Veterinary Teaching Hospitals SPRING 1992 Commonly Used Weed Killer Linked to Cancer in Dogs dip Fran Howard prijig is arugh on Iawns. The fam- ily doff, overjoyed at being left out in the yard, can wreak havoc on a lawn, so, too, can pesky weeds. Not many people think ol'thcir lawn as a breeding ground for environ- mcntal disease. I lowcvcr, a 1991 Na- rr,ional Canccr Insmoce (N(I) snick- "11(1\\ s a direct correlation Ihetwccn nta- li nant I%nil hunta in dw's mitt honic nr r 'n,tncrriAl aI,I,Iir;ui,ni of a commonly (J,cd ItL:rl,itidc. 2.4- d1cldorulihcnmv;t cetic acid 12.4 -1 -)1. \I;tli n.int I\ ntl,h,una is a eontnunt cancrr in d„L�, that attacks the inununc sl.stcni. %\ Rich is thr cornplcs nct\%ork of organs and cells that helps dCI•cllll aain,t disease. (:antic malignant Ivmphom;t is found in one uut of every seven dogs diagnosed with cancerat the nation's veterinary reaching hospitals. 1 \lthough veterinarians have yet to pin- point the cause of malignant lymphoma in dogs, they are studying a number of possible causes, including exposure to certain chemicals (most recently 2, 4- D), viruses, heredity, and radiation. "2,4-D is the herbicide of choice for dandelions," says Dr. Carl Jessen, Asso- ciate Dean of the University of M innesota's College of Veterinary Medi- cine and one of the principal authors of the NCI study. Not all commercial lawn - care companies use 2, 4 -D, according to Dr. Jessen, who says at least one lawn > care company tluit using it in 1986. St of the more commonly used 2,4-D prepa- rations, however, are Weed-Be-Gone"" and \'Need be Feed' ". The chemical is a broadleaf weed killer and one of the more frequently used herbicides in the United States. Many companies manu- facture 2,4 -D and use it in lawn and garden products. The herbicide is listed on labels as 2, 4 -D, 2,4 -D acid, or 2, 4- diclilorophenoxyacetic acid. Last year, three of the nation's vet- erinary reaching hospitals, the Univer- sity of Minnesota, Colorado State Uni- Zii q Keep your dog off the grass for 3 -5 days after treating your lawn with 2,4 -D. versity, and Purdue University, in con- junction with NCi, completed a hospi- tal- based, controlled study to determine whether there is an association between the use of 2, 4 -D in lawn care and malig- nant lymphoma in companion dogs. The study was used to determine if further research is warranted on the human health implications of 2, 4 -D exposure. The findings revealed that the own- ers of dogs diagnosed with malignant lymphoma applied or employed a com- mercial company to apply 2,4-D to their lawns one -third more often than did the owners of dogs not diagnosed with the disease. When the owners alone applied four or more lawn treatments of 2, 4 -D per year, the risk of their dogs acquiring malignant lymphoma doubled. The 2, 4 -D study involved 1,436 dogs of which 491 had been diagnosed previously with malignant lymphoma at one of the three veterinary teaching hospitals, 466 were non -tumor control animals who had been presented to the hospitals with other conditions, and 479 were tumor control animals who had been diagnosed with non - related tumors. "I'he researchers collected informa- tion from 82 percent of the owners re- garding the use of 2, 4 -1) and the fre- (Iuency of its application through ques- tionnaires and /or telephone interviews. The veterinary medical investigators also inquired about use of ocher chemicals, including flea- and tick - control products, household and outdoor insecticides, to- bacco, commercial cleaners, and lawn and garden fertilizers. To avold prompt- ing the owners, the investigators did not provide participants with a list of eliemi- cal products on either the written ques- tionnaire or during the interviews. A sepa- rate analysis of household chemical use, other than 2, 4 -D, showed no correlation between exposure to other chemicals and an increase in malignant lymphoma. "The per dog is normally fastidious about its grooming habits," the research- ers write. "It is common for a dog to clean itself by licking its paws, therehv CONTINt T 1) ON PA(; E. PHOTO RY MICHELLE \ZERO RIIiDEL Dawn -Care Chemical Zied 11 T 0 Cancer Dog shdy May Show Humans Are at Risk . Renter Qttent ciiamica)l jawn car+ treat meats to an increased faddenoe of deadly caner in dogs„ The researchers aid the new fmd- f09. =88estZ:ta ..rmkl betw+eea - the woodktMer 2,4-D and aaoer in hu- mans. 'IU studY points out me Deed to coaduct additional studies on the hu- rn �e Page implications of 2,4-D ex- home envirwment, said researcher Howard Hayes of the Nadowl cancer Institute, 'We often say the dog is a sentinel for aumans because dogs aid humaiis may react fly when exposed to a cauCer-causing • aid io a telephone terviep �� ;�; rMearch,team led by MM fogRd _that in. houseiio'lds *here lawns 'were 4Tated four or more ticks a year, the risk of a anoer known as canine malignant lympho. Washington Post September 4, 1991 = *s twice ap great for the dog of the house as i4 households with ua- treated ]lawns. The new liindinM based on inter- . views with the owners of 491 dogs diagnosed with rite canine caner about the c b=eak used in and around their homes, are to be pub - 4shod in todaira journal of the Na- bmW Cancer tastitute. The mine cancer is similar to a human anoer :known.As am-Hodg- kins brWhom. a Progressive can- cer that attacks the lymph nodes and also may invade brine marrow and other organs. Weedkillers and haticide s based on 2,4-D have been exteasiveiy used la the United States since the used °O Pic Park lands, golf courses and Private lawns. particularly by com- mercial lawn am fnrm& Hayes said dogs could 6e exposed to the Study Supports 294 -D, Cancer Link A new study by the National Can- cer Institute (NCI) finds increased risk of a type of cancer called Non - hodgkins lymphoma among Nebraska farmers, and confirms a similar finding in Kansas farmers published in 1986. The new study finds a statistically sig- nificant increase in cancer incidence with the frequency (no. of days /year) of 2,4 -D use. The herbicide is one of the most widely used in the world. EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs decided on March 23,1988 not to initiate a Spe- cial Review of 2,4 -D, on the grounds that the 1986 Kansas study provided "inadequate" evidence of carcinogen- or %41CUUCaj by walling, rolling icity. their'htr or eating eaattedd gra : ;' (A The new report does' not suggest whether 2,4 -D itself or one of its canpotmts is to Manse for the : • � $-�jvt T, ,,,e,,, , dog cancers. i'he weedkiller is Oil -;,' � . �o-t� kauy contaminated with dio an, for Toxic lawns '171 - =mple. but Hayes mid he did not Ideally, when lawns are maintained examine samples of the various so that they create a healthy safe soil 2.4-D products of the market to de. environment, "they have many bene- termine whether fits in urban landscapes" as argued in dioxin. ooatatned an Aug. 15 letter. cCa a 7 1 r r U 0 C •C C i C .0 -0 a .n Ey L 8 .00 > r -r O O S E0 c . .- 4J O .D O �. �� :7 b`.D y 6 c I) 7 C O Cl C. T tc C u, H �.O C >. n L E c«. ' v O c s c cE " 6! td r-,, E C C -Ct C o�c O 60J c`a o0 V y a•C . c '15 J =� di o y i IN ZZ Oa vQ o� Q ^h J L 3 oZ 1� a Unfortunately, numerous lawns' are chemically:: treated emphasizing Prac- tices..which disrupt soil;micro-organ- tsnts. Fertilizersjand`pesticidesreach Plants at :Ae_ surface, causing: grass roots to - grow shallow, • soil compact tron to increase,: and in.,turn reducing moisture penetration and increasing runoff lawns could. be "living areas and P are ect th enlvironment"; how. ever, many lawn. pesticides are toxic to the wildlife that share this envi- ronment. Finally, those "toxic green lawns" are contributing;. to, groundwater con- tamination. The Environmental Pro- tection `Agency,�:(EPA's).`frve -year. side contamin survey iinitur� water )%systems at twice •the rate of rural systems, proving urban runoff a more serious threat to drinking water than previously thought, prompting EPA to take a significant look at lawn care chemicals. Individually and:.co1. lectively, shouldn't we do the same? Bette Kent, Edina, AGENDA NO. IV.B. To: Mayor Frederick Richards Edina City Council Members Edina Park and Recreation Board From: Kristine McKeon - Rohman Re: Staff Report of John Keprios Dated June 17, 1994 Date: June 20, 1994 Upon my request Mr. John Keprios shared with me his staff report to the Mayor and City Council dated June 17., 1994. I am grateful for a participatory democracy that allows me to submit the following comments on his report. 1) First of all, I think it is important that we are using the same terminology in our discussions. Pesticide is a term used for anything that kills a pest. A pest can be any plant, animal or microorganism that is bothersome. Therefore, the word pesticide as seen in literature, refers to herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, etc. Please refer to my attachment A for the industry definition. 2) My request for herbicide restrictions only refers to playing grounds frequented by children. I am not addressing golf courses, roadways or parks for aesthetic purposes (Arneson Park). 3) My purpose in mentioning the unintended herbicide exposure on May 19, 1994 was to convey to you that one reason pesticides (weed herbicides) can never be safe is that there is always the risk of human error in their application. Mr. Keprios has not contacted me to clear up any of the uncertainties mentioned.in his report, however, I can assure you that the facts surrounding this incident are very certain. There are school officials that can verify the tractor was in the process of treating the fields before the 8:30 a., m. commencement of school. (The trained and licensed park staff finished and left the field at 8:32 a.m.) I live south of the school and crossed the treated softball field connected to the school grounds with other neighborhood children as is done daily during the school year. We entered from the lower street level pedestrian walk which had no signs posted. I sighted the tractor finishing the herbicide treatment on the other side of this softball field at 8:20 a.m. I then noticed that tractor tracks were evident in our walking area of the softball field. I called Mr. Keprios at approximately 8:40 a.m. L I also saw the tractor leave the softball field and enter the school grounds next to the play equipment. The area had been set up for a Games Festival. Mr. Larry Fuglesten (Cornelia School Principal) and I were unsure whether the area had been treated or if the park staff had ceased spraying when the Games Festival equipment was noted. Mr Fuglesten searched the area for posted signs and could not find any notification. Mr. Fuglesten was eventually advised at approximately noon by the City of Edina that the park worker had ceased spraying when the Games Festival equipment was noted. If the Mayor, City Council or Park Board need a "clear" report of the May 19, 1994 incident in order to accept my example as intended, and Mr. Keprios is unable to provide one, I am encouraged to pursue a formal finding by the Minnesota Department of Agriculture's division of pesticide regulation compliance. 4) I believe the City of Plymouth survey referred to in the staff report is not germane to my concerns. For relativity to my concern, the survey question should have referred to the herbicides as chemicals that are controversial in regard to public health and environmental risk. Secondly, the survey offers an organic fertilizer option which is stated to cost three times more than other fertilizers. I have no issue with fertilizers and my herbicide restriction would save money as stated in point #6. The survey also did not allow for a middle ground of an option to restrict herbicides on just the playing grounds frequented by primarily children. Public opinion polls taken over the past confirm that people are worried about environmental problems and chemical risks. (See attachment C which is a Minneapolis StarTribune article from June 4, 1994.) 5) According to the June 17, 1994 staff report, Mr. Keprios has promised to -do a "better" job of coordinating spraying dates and times with the schools. On May 14, 1994, Mr. Keprios told me it would be an absolute impossibility to do any coordination because of the high number of overall application sites (over 75). I believe his original statement is a candid assessment of how difficult it would be to responsibly warn and notify park users who have plans for use of the public land. Also, many children can not read posting signs and can not be expected to responsibly assess their risk of using the park against the benefit of playing in the park. The signs are really pointless as it is not known definitively the duration in the environment of the breakdown products from the original herbicide application (including inerts). Breakdown products can become 50 times more toxic according to the World Health Organization. 6) One issue not addressed in the staff report is the savings of the taxpayer's money with a restriction on herbicides. Mr. Jim. Sloss, Edina School District Supervisor of Buildings and Grounds, stated that the ban of herbicides on school grounds will result in an annual savings of $4,000.00. Mr. Sloss has nine school sites. The City of Edina has over forty parks. A restriction of herbicides on the parks for children would result in a significant amount of tax dollars saved. Also the liability for any pesticide accidents is reduced. 7) I met with Minneapolis Park and Recreation personnel to gain an understanding of park maintenance with herbicide restrictions. Please see my separate attachment B. Mr. Keprios has only personally procured literature for his staff report which states that "properly" applied herbicides (specifically 2,4 -D) pose no health risks. I believe the staff report is imbalanced and I have attached authoritative literature (see attachments) that states that herbicides do pose a public health and environmental risk. The staff report's quote of Donald Page which states that "all reliable scientific data suggests that 2,4 -D is not a carcinogen" is ludicrous. I trust that you will note the reputable publications on the bibliographies of my attached fact sheets. There have been reputable studies on each side of this controversy. The studies are also ongoing. More data an 2,4 -D for the EPA is due in December, 1995. In any case, no one can really defend the risks posed by inerts (usually the highest ingredient on a herbicide label) because we simply do not know what chemicals they are as a result of trade secret privileges. These inerts, many of which are neither chemically nor biologically inert, may be inerts classified by the EPA as "inerts of toxicological concern ", e.g. carcinogens, brain toxins, etc. Hopefully I will be able to share with the City Council, Mayor and Park Board a short educational video about inerts. The video is designed for use by city councils, PTA's, etc. I want to make an 'important point about why I believe it is important that you receive literature that supports the view that herbicides pose a health risk to children. The point is that I am not trying to change or support your personal views on the herbicide risk to children. I am, however, steadfast about convincing you (or supporting your belief already) that there is indeed a respected controversy on the subject. Even if you were all toxicologists or research scientists of pesticides, there would be a controversy because there is compelling evidence on both sides. This issue is not an exercise of scientific knowledge (Mr. Keprios and I could swap conflicting literature all day long) but instead is an issue of an acknowledgment of the controversy and a willingness to err on the conservative side when addressing our children's health. My stand, as stated in the seventh paragraph of my original letter to Mayor Richards, is that we should all be willing to err on the conservative side when our children's health is at stake. Please realize that I am not asking you to restrict herbicides in playing areas for children because of a "known" health risk. The City Council and Mayor do not have to come to this conclusion. I am asking the City Council and Mayor to restrict herbicides because of a "potential" health risk to children. The distinguishment between "known" and "potential" is important. The use of "potential" allows the City Council and Mayor to conclude on a subject that experts-can not agree on with the use of a definitive "known ". Also, using the word "potential" is preferable for many other legal and practical reasons. In summary, I am requesting that the City of Edina develop a park policy that would tolerate the existence of weeds in areas frequented by children for play. Herbicides would not be sprayed for aesthetic reasons. Acceptable turfs achieved through fertilization, aeration, seeding and mowing would be the goal rather than premier turfs achieved by herbicides. The policy would allow for approved herbicide applications on a case by case basis. The result would be that the City of Edina would be implementing a proactive, progressive policy that would reduce potential health risks to our children. ATTACHMENT A: ATTACHMENT B: ATTACHMENT C: ATTACHMENT D: ATTACHMENT E: ATTACHMENT F: ATTACHMENT G: ATTACHMENT H: ATTACHMENT I: ATTACHMENT J: ATTACHMENT K: ATTACHMENT L: ATTACHMENT M: r� r� ATTACHMENT SCHEDULE Pesticide Definition According to EPA Journal Minneapolis Park and Recreation Memorandum Minneapolis StarTribune Article Dated June 4, 1994 Pesticide Factsheet Journal of.Pesticide Reform Article 2,4 -D Factsheet Mecoprop Factsheet Article Written by Dr. Mary O'Brien Journal of Pesticide Reform Article Excerpt from Silent Spring by Rachel Carson Minneapolis StarTribune Associated Press Article Children and Pesticides Article The Meaning of Carcinogenicity Testing 06/17/1994 09:57 5033446923001 NCAP PAGE 01 Pesticides: R Consumer's Guide to Safer Use What is a "pest "? An insect, a fungus. a weed, a rodent, a mite, a mollusc, a nematode: any plant. animal. or microorganism that is bothersome. causes economic losses, or acts as a disease vector. If people want to get rid of pcsts, they use pesticides: insecticides, fungicides, herbicides. rodenticides, molluscicides. nematicides, etc. The similarity between these words and a word like "homicide" is no coincidence. The word element "tide" derives from the Latin verb that means "to kill." Simply put, a pesticide is a killer: that is what it is supposed to be. B ' dealing with a killer, one must be prudent. One must, to quote Sh espeare. "make assurance double sure." This Special Section of EPA journal is designed to help you, the consumer, to be "double sure" that, when you deal with pesticides, you do so as safely as current technology allows. Pests have been tstuund for a long, long time. The dinosaur may be extinct, )ut a prehistoric monster of another ;art. the cockroach, has been crawling :he earth since the Carboniferous period (.III I h, \,II,T I'I, III 14 It lu'tltl'rl tt� U .(N't'ull err Itfm ..I ;1,l,• �f,r, I`tic: i..:ur 1,11 Ilu+ VPA Icurr. Iolur6r If ha' V, f llfu'r ..I r'tllflrl file- Srr liu41. Illt:tlk. I'rr e,Ne'r1 fee 1,41(1,41' 10:1'.1 r'lll• Iriu� r,•• :c Ire, 41(14111, � 411,(11,1,11, c renlrihu• S ;e,nl, h, Ihi:.rrfirrtt. I'rnnk Dovillu. !,I l W. rl„frl,. U% iun I'rurlit.r. C(II.v Hui- I4•411 I•,IFn'u41 -1,t•. Chlr�:lrnr Gillis. (11,1441 Flu4sluel. tif,rr1411 (hunk. lu V 11ufh•r and ('orol I'cnulstru•ic:h of I-TA's Office of I'nsficitly I'ru,,rnnt, (111111 t1,, h(1rvn Slimnk. im- sifivni fit' A;11; ltrA .i1, Irn, r (1411,1 'I'rlhnuln4t'. Inr. Post -it" brand tax transmittal memo 7671 M of 06608 ► I TIM bCeo Frans co. Co. Dept. Phone a Fs,1 F Fox F 1 9 u•1= D 1y TO: Mayor Richards Edina City Council Edina Park Board From: Kristine McKeon - Rohman Re: Park Maintenance With Herbicide Restrictions Date: June 20, 1994 On June 14, 1994 I attended the Edina Park and Recreation Board meeting during which the question was raised of whether park maintenance would be difficult with weeds. I subsequently met with Mr. Randy Dennis, a crew leader with the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Department, and I had a conversation with Mr. Tom Montgomery, Assistant Superintendent for Operations of the Minneapolis Park and Recreation Board. My purpose for these discussions was to gain insight on park maintenance with herbicide restrictions from an administrative viewpoint (Mr. Montgomery) and from an operations viewpoint (Mr. Dennis). Mr. Montgomery told me that the City of Minneapolis has adopted an integrated pest management policy. For the City of Minneapolis, potential environmental damage due to chemicals initiated the adoption of the plan. (For example, in 1985 the Minnesota Department of Health found 13 drinking water wells to have a problem with 2,4 -D contamination.) The integrated pest management plan basically calls for setting "tolerance levels" of pest (weeds, insects, etc.) acceptance on a location -by- location basis. For example, on general park grounds weeds are accepted at a 100% tolerance level. Dandelions and general weeds are accepted because it is felt that the activity purpose and potential environmental risk to the location supersede the need for weed control. Herbicides are not used for aesthetic weed control. (There are some exceptions, such as for purple loosestrife, a weed that is required to be removed by State mandate. Also, chemicals may be used on a judicious basis if needed during an "approved" turf renovation.) Although Mr. Montgomery believes that a high quality turf is achieved with herbicides, he also believes that proper irrigation, fertilization, aeration, seeding and mowing can maintain the fields at an acceptable level. On the other hand, there is a zero tolerance level for weeds on the greens of. the golf courses. There is also target weed spraying in parks of aesthetic purpose, such as the Sculpture Garden. The City of Minneapolis also does not allow the city parks to be sprayed with mosquito insecticides because it is felt that each citizen can provide personal protection through topical skin applications. Therefore, each citizen is allowed to weigh the risks and benefits of a particular insecticide. Mr. Dennis is a supervisor and crew leader of the southern Minneapolis parks. He has twenty -two years of experience in park maintenance. Mr. Dennis also gave me permission to share his experience in this memorandum. Mr. Dennis told me that his experience of park maintenance with herbicide restrictions has been.very positive. He made the following points: * The turf in the park definitely grows more weeds. These weeds can be advantageous because a green carpet of turf has developed that is better than grass in terms of soil erosion and maintenance. The weeds are more deeply rooted and can withstand areas subjected to heavy use. Less fertilizer is needed and the turf can better withstand a.dry period. Given a proper mowing schedule, the turf is aesthetically acceptable. (The seeding phase can be unattractive.) * Before the restrictions on herbicides there were more "bald" areas in the park grounds that required special treatment. With the addition of weeds, there are fewer "bald" areas and the park crew is able to devote more time to issues such as tot lot safety. * Even though licensing requirements were met by employees of the Minneapolis Park and Recreation department, Mr. Dennis still observed incidents of unintended exposure to herbicides. These incidents of unintended exposure occurred due to human error and were experienced by the park workers and the public. Mr. Dennis is more comfortable with the reduced liability exposure to the city as a result of herbicide restrictions. * Mr. Dennis stated that there are phone calls from time to time expressing dissatisfaction with the aesthetics of the weeds, however, given the growing concern over herbicide safety and related environmental issues, it is felt that complaints would be received also if herbicides were used. * The City of Minneapolis saves the expense of commercial licenses for all of the workers who use herbicides and also saves the expense of herbicide chemicals. Hidden dangers make pesticides unhealthy choice By Susan Banks/ Pittsburgh Post - Gazette The mysterious deaths of a McKeesport, Pa., man in May and a Bakersfield, Calif., woman on Feb. 19 raise questions about the safety of commonly used pesticides. Although both cases remain under Investiga- tion, exposure to toxic chemicals is suspect- ed as a factor. SHELTERS uARDENING Another factor often overlooked in residential pesticides is the general health of the user. Existing medical problems may put people at greater risk for severe reactions, and using a pesti- cide several days in a row could make the difference between no reaction and a trip to the hospital. The World Health Federation, In a 1990 study, attributed 3 million acute poisonings, 735,000 chronic birth defects and 220,000 deaths worldwide to.pesticldes. Perhaps the greatest tragedy is that these accidents can be prevented, and education is the key. A quote from the son of Frank Kulczynskl, the 76- year -old whb died in May at his Mc- Keesport home while working In his yard, may Illustrate the problem: "The only things he had was anything you could gget at the hardware store — I rtho Weed-B -Gone [2-4- D] and Sevin [Carbaryl or Methylcarbamate] powder he sprinkled on his tomato plants." Emphasis on the word "only." SATURDAY /JUNE 4/1994 dening magazine, says home owners aren't capable of safely using pesticides. "Home- owners [often] use five times the pesticides per square foot that farmers do." Jay Feldman, executive director of the Na- tional Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesti- cides in Washington, D.C., added: "If it's available In the local garden store, it's safe, and If It's registered by the EPA, it must be OK. Those are the two biggest myths of safety that exist in the marketplace. These are not symbols of safety. Federal and state laws that govern chemical usage are very weak." Both men said it is nearly impossible to knov what Inert Ingredients are in individual pesti- cides. The EPA published a list of Inert Ingre Mike McGrath, editor -In -chief of Organic Gar- PESTICIDES continued on page 3E J� W z J 0 l- � SHELTER Pesticides/ Even-correct use risky Continued from page 1E dients, about 100 of which are Iden- tified as toxic or carcinogenic. Many are biologically and chemical - -ly active. The label "Inert," they said, misrep- resents the potential toxicity of .these materials. "The 'Inert' Is the carrier agent," 'Feldman said. "It's rare you find a ,pesticide with less than 60 percent inert Ingredients; some are as hlgh as 90 to 95 percent. And the public has no way of knowing just what those Ingredients are. In addition to the unknown Inert Ingredients, there also may be oth- 'er chemical contaminants from Im- properly cleaned machinery used in 'the manufacturing process. So even when package directions are followed to the letter, users may face risks. And any diversion from those instructions makes the risk greater. Another factor often overlooked in residential pesticides Is the general health of the user. Existing medical problems may put people at greater risk for severe reactions, and using L� pesticide several days Ina row . could make the difference between no reaction and a trip to the hospital. Feldman said most "normal" use of pesticides, in fact, often falls out of compliance with labeled Instruc- tions. He suggested that the quest for a beautiful lawn and weed -tree garden should be weighed carefully against the health of family mem- bers, pets and the environment. Lawn companies, of course, aren't ready to throw in the towel. They get results, and that's enough to entice many customers. But It's also worth noting that some ser- vices are reducing their reliance on chemicals. Kathy Zahirsky, coordinator of en- vironmental programs for the Dav- ey Tree Expert Company in Ohio, said her firm has cut back on Its use of chemical pesticides and moved toward biological com- pounds, soaps and horticultural olis. But she also pointed out that lawn service employees are trained and tested In pesticide awareness, application equipment and appllca- tion methodology. And many states now require licensing for pesticide technicians. Still, the National. Coalition Against: the Misuse of Pesticides has Its own recommendations to keep lawns and gardens free of weeds and disease. For starters, Feldman said, "We don't. believe chemicals are necessary, given what we know of the risk." Biological or botanical controls (that Is, substances found in nature) provide one option, but again, even those products contain Inert ingre- dients that can be problematic.. McGrath, from Organic Gardening, cautions that just because some- thing is found in nature doesn't mean It's not toxic. Zahirsky con- cedes the same. So what is recommended? "We recommend a series of things . — watering, proper mowing height, proper watering techniques," said Feldman. Dethatching, aeration and appropri- ate maintenance can decrease the vulnerability of the lawn. The key, he said, Is creating a healthy environment. "in many cases weeds, Insect Infestation and fungal diseases are from stress." ■ Set up a bird bath. Birds are one of the best controllers of insects on the planet. ■ Provide damp shady spots, espe- cially where pests are a problem. These spots attract toads, which eat three times their weight in in- sects every day. Since they eat only things that move, they will never eat a vegetable or flower. They offer wonderful slug control. ■ Grow some herbs and allow them to flower. Flowering herbs attract beneficial Insects. ■ Get out of the habit of applying chemicals. You can save money and time by making your garden a more natural place that Invites birds, toads and beneficial insects. For more Information on the sub- ject, the National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides has sever- al brochures, books and fact sheets available. Write to the organization at 701 E. St. S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003. Organic Gardening Magazine Is available on most magazine racks. —� - -- - - ,•.�.��.i efll•!71',�'9�i�:�1U1Usi;t1 »tif}:xlf � ,U�;lir� IrL,j ii,�t"n'- - - t! -�'� . Lawn Pesticide Facts and Figures PESTICIDE USAGE: i _. Amount of pesticide used each year on lawns: 67 million lbs' • Amount of lawn pesticide applied by homeowners: 3.2- 9.81bs. per treated acre 2 . • Average amount of pesticide applied on agricultural land: 2.71bs. per treated acre.3 • Number of pesticide applications on a single block in Buffalo, NY during one season: 275.4 • Number of households on that Buffalo, NY block utilizing lawn pesticides: 55 out of 60.4 • Annual sales of professional lawn care industry: $1.5 -2 billion.5 • Number of consumers purchasing lawn care services: 10 million.5 PESTICIDE RISKS AND THE FLAWED REGISTRATION SYSTEM: • Increased risk of leukemia for a child in a household using home and garden pesticides: 6.5 times greater.6 • Increased risk of lymphoma for dogs whose owners use 2,4-D four or more times per season: 2 times greater! • Health effects of the 36 most commonly used lawn pesticides: 13 can cause cancer, 14 birth defects, 11 reproductive effects, 21 damage the nervous system, 15 injure the liver or kidney, and 30 are sensitizers or irritants .8 • Myth: Pesticides must undergo 120 safety tests before registration.9 Facts: Number of older lawn pesticides fully tested and evaluated:1 out of 32 (sulfur).10 Number of all older pesticides fully tested and evaluated: 19 out of 620.10 Number of years EPA pesticide reevaluation in progress: 20.11 • Myth: Newer pesticides are registered under modern safety standards and are safe. Fact: Of the three recently- registered lawn pesticides, one is a carcinogen, one is highly toxic to birds and fish, and the third was registered with incomplete data. 12 • Myth: Pesticide exposure is only a problem where the pesticides are applied. Fact:. EPA's dust study found 23 pesticides in indoor dust and air - many of which had . not been used on the premises.13 CHILDREN ARE PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO PESTICIDES: • Sector of the public most likely to be exposed to lawn pesticides: children." • Increase in childhood cancer between 1950 and 1986: 21.5 percent. 15 • Number of tested neurotoxic insecticides to which young rats are more susceptible than adults: 15 out of 16.16 • Amount of the neurotoxic insecticide diazinon deadly to young mice:1 percent of adult lethal dose. 17 • Dose of the insecticide DBCP required to sterilize pubescent rat compared to adult: 1/8 th -18 National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides 701 E Street, S.E. • Washington, D.C. 20003 • 202 -543 -5450 • .015300" Ivv LAWN PESTICIDES THREATEN THE ENVIRONMENT: • Myth: Diazinon can be used without risk to birds. Fact: Diazinon use on turf has killed birds in every area of the U.S. and in every month of the year, including songbirds, waterfowl, eagles and other birds of prey.19 • Environmental effects of the 36 most common lawn pesticides: 14 have been detected in groundwater, 6 have the potential to leach, 11 are toxic to birds, 21 to fish and aquatic organisms, and 12 to bees 20 • Most frequently detected pesticide in EPA's groundwater survey: dacthal metabolites. Estimated number of community wells contaminated by dacthal metabolites:.6,00V TRADE SECRET INGREDIENTS ARE NOT INERT: • Myth: Inerts are just fillers, like water, of no health significance. Fact:, "Inerts" is a soothing term for trade secret ingredients, most of which are neither chemically nor biologically inert. Notable secret ingredients include: xylene & toluene (nerve poisons, birth defects, damage kidney & bone marrow), monochlorobenzene (nerve poison, carcinogen, and causes birth defects), ethylene chloride (nerve poison, damages heart, eyes, liver & adrenal glands).22 • Percentage of trade secret ingredients (inerts) in the majority of pesticide products avail- able over the counter. more than 90 percent 23 • Percentage of trade secret ingredients on which EPA has so little data that it cannot even rate the chemicals' potential toxicity: 83 percent 24 • Number of chemicals on EPA's list of " inerts of unknawn toxicological concern" which are on Superfund's Toxic Release Inventory (11U) due to toxicity or environmental effects: 2325 Total TRI chemicals which can be used as secret ingredients: 4925 • Number of pesticide active ingredients used as inerts in other pesticide formulations: 18.22 FOOTNOTES: C,neral Aocwnting Office (GAO), Lawn Cann Pestiddes: Risks Remain Uncertain Wla7e ProMbifed Salfrty Claim Continue, RCED- 90.134, March, 1990, p. 8. n Abrams, Robert, Attorney General of NY, Toxic Fairways: Risking Groundesater Contamination From Pesticides on Long bland Gdf Courses, Environmental Protection Bureau, July, 1991, p. 8. ' Pimenete 1, D. at al.'Fnvironmentel and economic impacts of reducing U_& agnculb ral pesticide use Handbook of Pest Management in Agriculture, 2nd ed., CRC Pn em, Ft. 1991, p. 679. ' Prom records kept by a NY state activist ' S1S billion: GAO, 1990, p. 8; other figures: Laronr Care Industry 14(7):1, July, 1990. • Lowenger6 R„ et al. *Childhood leukemia and parents' occupational and home expoaures,' Journal of the National Cancer Imfilute ONCI) 79.39,1987. ' Hayes, FL, et al. *Case- control study of canine malignant lymphoma: positive asnn . tion with dog owner's use of 2,4-D add herbicides; JNCI83(17):1226, 1991. ' See NCAMP lawn pesticide faetsheet ' ' James, A. Executive Director of Responsible Industry for a Sound Environment, ■ standing committee of the pesticide industry's association, NACA, *Lawn chemicals are safe,' USA Today Apri l 22,1992, p. 14A. '0 EPA Reregistration Progress Reports, 1991 -1992, contact NCAMP for details. " Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Ad, Public Law 92 -516, 92nd Congress, October 21,1972; amended 1975,1978,1988 as Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Ad (FIFRA). u See NCAMP pesticide highlights factsheet Lewis, R. at al. 'Determination of routes of exposure of infants and toddlers to household pesticides: a pilot study; Methods Research Branch, US. EPA. Research Triangle Park, NC, 1991. ". Children's habit patterns make them likely to spend more time than adults on treated turf and to have greater direct contact with the turf- both because of play behaviors, hand- to-mouth behavior and clothing differences. In addition, children's breathing rates are higher while they have smaller bodies with greater relative surface area, all of which snake them likely to have higher relative exposure to lawn chemicals than adults. Bazell, R_ 'Cancer warp; The Now Republic, December 121989. " Calabrese, EJ. Age and Susceptibility to Toxic Substances, Wiley and Sons, 198& Spyker, J.M. and D.L. Avery,'Neurobehavicral effects of'prenatal exposure to the organophosphate diazinon in mice,* Journal ojToxiedogy and Environmental Health 3:989.1002,1977. " Paigen, B.'Children and toxic chemicals; Journal of Pes6eide Reform, Summer, 1986 pp. 2 -3. " EPA, *Remand decision in the matter of Ciba- Ceigy Corporation, et al. FTRA docket tae. 562, et al. July 13,1990, p.12 10 See NCAMP lawn pesticide factsheet S1 EPA. National Pesticide Survey Phase I Survey Results, November, 1990. n EPA, "List of pesticide product inert ingredients,' Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, July 22,1991. n Abrams, R., Attorney General of NY, The Secret Hazards of Pesticides: Inert Ingredients, June;. 1991, p. 2 1' EPA, July 22,1991; EPA, *Inert ingredients in pesticide products; polity statement.' 52 FR 1330513310, April 22,1987; EPA, "Inert ingredients in pesticide products; policy statement; revision and modification of lists,' 54 FR 4831448316 November 22,1989; EPA,'Liats of chemicals used as inert ingredients in pesticides OPTS, October 2,1989. s TRI UST National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides 701 E Street, S.E. • Washington, D.C. 20003 • 202 -543 -5450 06/17/1994 09:57 5033446923001 NCAP PAGE 08 ■ NIWS FROM MOUND N ■ 111 s 0016 *eras 2,4JD and Cancer. EPA Remains Indecisive While Reporting New Evidence of Dioxin Contamination The often debated question of whether or not the widely -used phenaay herbicide 2,40 causes cancer was given another Inconclusive answer thb spring by the US. Envlron yental Protection Agency (EPA)•' 'i �rec- ommendation deserves attefltl� view of the aec mulatlng evidenceilhilr use of 2.4D Is In fad associated with Increased cancer risks In humans and other mammals. A special committee, called the Special Joint COnemittee on the Weight of Evidence of Carcinogenicity of 2.4 D. created to advise EPA's Science Advisory Board and its FfFRA Scientific Advisory Panet concluded that there Is -re" suggestive" evidence that 2,40 Is a human carcinogen.' Epidemiology (studying the factors that determine the Incidence and dls- tribution of a disease) is a difficult acl- ence. Humans are exposed to a wide variety of dlseasecausing factors, and discerning cause and effect under these conditions Is complex However, a striking number of studies has now shown that 2AD use, or use of phenoxy herbicides In gen- eral, is associated with increased can- cer risks. These Include three studies of soft tissue sarcoma in Sweden. one study of soft tissue sarcoma in Italian farmworkes, a study of non4iodgkin's lymphoma In Kansas farmers, a similar study In Nebraska, a study of non - Hodgkln's lymphoma In Washington forestry workers.2 and a study of prostate cancer In Canadian farmers? Increased risks of both non4iodgkln's lymphoma and soft .tissue sarcoma have also been found in workers manufacturing phenoxy herbicides? (Other studies have been unable to measure any Increased risk associated with 2,4D exosure.)2 In addition, dogs living in homes with lawns treated with 2,4-D suffer from more lymphoma that Caroline Car is JPR s editor. dogs living In houses with untreated lawns! Up to 65 million pounds of 2.4D are used In the US. each year, it Is among the top five most widely used pestl. tides in the U.S a Prudence should In- dicate that the use of this herbicide needs to be reduced. Pressures to do otherwise, however, are enormous. Of the 14 speakers who presented Infor- mation to the EPA Special Joint Com- mittee. 12 were from the 2.4D industry, and most were Interested in pointing out methodological flaws In the studies linking 2.4-0 and cancer. 2 EPA data that the Special Joint Committee was not asked to consider Zre extremely Interesting. In March. an EPA memo revealed that tests per- formed by Z4D manufacturers In re- sponse to a 1987 SPA request had found tetrachloro- d pentachloro- dlbenzo-p4loldns and PCDDs) In technical (unformulated) 2,40 .16 2,3,7, $-TODD, the most toxic dloxln. was found In 2 of the 8 samples ana- lyzed at levels above the 1 part per billion (ppb) level of concern specified by EPA. Another dicatin,1=,7M1CDD. was found In three of the eight samples at levels up to twenty times higher.6 1,2,3,7,8.PCDD Is thought to be about half as toxic as 2,3,7,&TCDD.7 Ironically, EPA officials have re- cently stated that adverse effects of dioxin ( 2,3,7.8 -TCDU) may be occurring in people at levels at or near current background levels (the levels found in average Americans) a Dloxins are per- sistent and bloaccumulative.9 Tiny amounts of 2,3,7.8 -TCDD have been shown to cause cancer in humans,10 as well as cancer, fetal death. birth de- fects, reduced fertility, and miscar- riages in laboratory animals -9 This means that the potential effects of any increased exposure to dioxins from the 2,40 used In the U.S. are se- rious. In addition to exposure from 2.4. D residues on food. U.S. residents are exposed from the over 30 million ap- plications of 2.4-D made each year to yards and gardens In this country." 2,4D has also been found In ground- water in fifteen states, potentially ex- posing large numbers of people through their drinking water.13 The message seems unmistabibly CJear: it's time for change. --Cmollrle Car 1. CRC Press. Inc. 1993. 2,4.0 cancer link 'weakly suggestive; EPA special panel Ilnda. Pesticide and raark ammkd New (April 7):18,20. 2. 1bmhlm. MA et d. 1991. Weight of the evi- dence on the human carcinogenicity d 2.4. D. Enuiroa Meal* Am pee. 9fk213.222. 3. Morrlson, K at al. 1995. Farming and pros- tate cancer mortality. Amer. I fpldsmhd. 137(3)270 -M. - 4. Hayes, H.M. et al. 1991. Camcontrol study of canine mallgnant lymphoma: Positive association with dog owner's use of 2,4- dlchlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides. JNO83(17):12261231. S. Aspoln. AA- AJ4. QQm and It Tarts. 1992 Pesticides Industry sales and usages 1990 and 1991 mute ten a timisim Washing m D.G U3 EPA. Office of Pesticide thogramar8lologlcal and Economic Amablis Division. 6. US EPA. 19111L 2AV. 2,408. Z40P and their gals and event Survey of dibeea,Odlo3da and dibe+m(uaat ddammhi stlona li 1 ir� Stephen Punk. clumlet. Ofiloe d Pestfdde Programs. Health FJleft Dlvfskxk Special Review Seeiort to An Bloom. Office d Per ticlde Programs. Special Review and Reregistration Dtvutcn. (Mar. 1) 7. Barnes, D$, F.W. Il uM and D.P. Baltimore. 1989. 1989 update to the Interim proce- dures for estimating risks associated with exposures to mixtures of chlorinated dlbenzo-p-dioxins and -dlbemsofurans (CODs and CDFs). Washington. D.C. U.S. EPA. Risk Assessment Forum. (A' 8. CRC Press, Inc 1992. Bratthaw di- oxin effects at backSmund levels. .aside mud Toxic Chemkof Now (Nwenber 4):35- 36. 9. U.S. EPA. Office of Science and Tachnoi. ogy. Standards and Applied Science Divi- sion. 1992. National scaly of chemkol ►esi. dues In W. volume 11. Washington. D.C. (September.) 10. Fingerhut, MA. et al. 1991. Cancer mortal. Ity to workers exposed to 2.3.7.8. tetrachlorodibenzo.poloxin. Neux ft. J. Med. 324(4):212 -218. 11. Whitmore, RW.. J.1L Kelly, and P.L. Read• Ing. 1992. National home and garden pestl• tide use survey. Flnal report. Volume l: Report and recommendations. Research Triangle Park NC: Research Triangle butt - tute. Prepared for U.S. EPA 12. U.S. EPA. office of Pesticide Programs. En. vlronmental Pate and Fllects Division. 1992: Pesticides In ground water database: A compilation of moaltortng studies 1971- 1991. National summary. Washington, D.C- (September.) JOURNAL OF PCMCIDE REFORM / SUMMEII 1999 / VOL I& NO.2 28 NCAP. P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (5os)344 M" WED 15: 17 r'i. chemicalWATCH Factsheet Adding to public concern over di- W= and nitrosamine contamination in 2,4- dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2A- D), several recent studies show that the ei . -Cal can cause lymphatic cancer in exposed humans. The findings add to the already incriminating body of evi- dence on 2,4-D, including a manufac- himrs' study submitted to EPA in June, 1986, indicating the herbicide, which is wi,delyused inagriculture.forestryand urban settings, can cause rare brain tu- mors (astrocytomas) in rats (see PAY, August, 1986). These studies indicate a need for closer examination of other c=nE=r,ly used phenoxies such as di- chlorprop, mecoprop WC F), MCPA and 2,45 -T (banned in the USJ. A 1988 National Cancer Institute INCD study, conducted by Drs. Rieila Hoar and Aaron Blair, examined all of diagnosed cancer among Kan - qVrarmes between 1976 and 1982 cco Arding to the study, farmers who were exposed to 2,4-D for 20 or more days per year had a sixfold higher risk of developing non - Hodgkin's lym- phoma than non - fanners, while farm- ers who tnixed or spread the herbicide had an eightfold higher risk of devei- oping the tumor. Significantly, the re- searchers noted that farmers who took. precautions to minimize theirexposare were at lesser risk. Dr. Hoar has now published a 1990 study of Nebraska h=rwrs which demonstrates a 50 pea cent 4=eam in non- Hodgkn's lym- phoma for growers who handle 2,4-D. The linkage between 2A-D exposure - andnon- Hodgkin's lymphoma hasaiso been documented in Sweden, Canada. Ncbraaska. and Washington. Furthermore, a 1991 NQ study found that dogs whose owners' lawns 2,4 =D were tmated with 2.4-D four or more times per year were twice as likely to contract m-ine malignant lymphoma than dogs whose ownersdid notuse the herbicide. Malignantiymphomamdogs is considered the equivalent of non- Hodgkin's lymphoma in humans. In addition to these studies, a bioas- say conducted by the Food and Drug Administration found increased ind- deuces of lymphosarcoma (malignant tumors) in both male and female rats, breast tumors in female rats and reticu- luin cell sareorna (malignant blood cell tumors ) in male mts.euposed to 2A-D. The latter were also found in mice ex- posed to theisooctyt saltof2A -D. Scien- tists consider 2,4- dichlorophenol, a ma- jor breakdown product; to be a cancer promoter. 2,4-D is also a mutagen. In labora- tory tests it has mutagenic effects on human lymphocytes and human fibro- blasts. Cenotoxidtyhasevenbeendocu- mented in plants. At high doses, reproductive toxic- ity has been observed in animals, con- sisting of decreased survival and skele- talandsiWeto- musnilarnu formations. A study of male farmers also demon- strated reduced sperm cmmtsand sperm abnormalities in 2,4-0 exposed farm- an, and abnormalities were still appar- ent even one year after exposure. According to a 1982 EPA manual, 2f1-D is irritating to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes, and, since it is eas- ily absorbed dermaliy or by inhalation, can injure liver,]ddney,musdeandbmain tissues. Acute symptons of exposure include: chestand abdominalpain, vom- iting, dizziness, and nuucle twitching, tenderness or stiffness. Studies in rats have demonstrated that 2A-D can migrate into nervous tissue, and concentrate in certain areas of the brain Not too surprisingly, be- havioral changes have also been ob- servedin treated rats. Inhumars,scem- ingly minor dermal exposures have been known to cause peripheral neu ropathy (irreversible loss of feeling in the extterttities). Depression, lethargy and coma have also been documented in animals and humans. Industry reports slow that amine salt formulations of 2,4-D may become contaminated duringsynthesis with up to several hundred parts per billion of nitrosamines, known to be potent car- cinogens. Several forms of dioxin have been identified in 2A-D, including 2. 3 ,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo- p -diozin (also knownasTCDD, the mosttoxdcof the dioxin family, at levels greater than one part per billion); 1,3,7,9 and 15,6,8 - TCDD; 2,7d1chlorcdil>anzo- p-diox:in; and l.2A and l.3.7- citloZOdioxins. Tine dioxins can cause cancer, birth defects, reproductive effects, liver damage and chloraate. Other contaminants include 1,3.6,8- tetrachloroxanthone (TCx) and Z4- dichlorephenol. A systemic herbicide, 2A-D is eas- ily absorbed by foliage and transio- cated throughout the treated plant, which dies in 7 -14 days. Phenoxy acid herbicides like 2A-D mimic the action of natural plantgzvvrduegulators know as auxins. causing treated plants to lit crally grow themselves to death. In soil, 2,4-D residues usually dissipate within a month (primarily due to mi- crobial degradation). 2,4-D islmown to leach from soils low in clay or organic content and in cool, dry, nutrient -poor soils. Under these conditions, residues may persist for several months. Billiagraphy on reverse Rettisad March, 1992 Pesticides and You National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides NCA vT) 701 E Street, S.E., Washington, D.C. 20003 • 202/543 -5450 06/15/94 WED 15:18 F.i% 2025431983 Ncl�.dr chemgcaIWatch factsheet 2,4-D bibliography Banes, G. 1991. 2.4-D. J. Pesticide Reform 11(3)21 -75. CA Department of Health Services. 1980. 2A4> Evaluation of the human health effects. Berkeley, CA. Casey, P.H., et al. 1984. Severe mental retardation and multiple congenital anomalies of urwertain cause after ex- treme parental exposure to Z4-D. J. Padiatrics 104313.314. Ch wff, N.. at al. 1990. Effects of dm%i- ally induced maternal toxicity on pre- natal development in the rat Teratology Q:fM -658. Cochrane. W.P., et aL 1981. Determination of chlorinated dibe zo p- dioxin con - ta mmants in 2.4-D product+ by gas dtro- mamgraphy -mass spectrometric wrh- niques. J. Chromatography 217189 -299. ~2,4-D produces rare brain tumor in male rats, EFAofficials note.' Pesticide &Tsui Chanicvl Nerds, June 2S, 1986. Duffard, R.O., J.M. Arguello and A.M. EvangelistadeDuffard.1990. Biochemi- celalterationsin skeletal musdeinduc ed by 2, 4. dichlorophenoxyacetic butyl es- ter during chick embryonic develop- ment. Biochemical Pharmacology 40(11)2433 -2440. Evangelista de Duffard,A.M.,C.Orta andIL Duffard. 1990. Behavioral changes in rats fed a diet containing 2.4- dichlorophenoxyacetic butyl ester. Kmyveozicol.11563- SM Coidstein. N.P., et al. 1959. Peripheral neu- �nathy after exposure to an ester of di�nlorophenoxyaeetie acid. J Amer. Ad. Awn. 171(10):1306 -1308. HagenmeiieL H. 1986. Determination of 2,3,7,8- tetrachlowcliber m pd=in in commercial dtlorophenois and related products. Frescnius Z. Anal. Chum. 325:603406. As cited in Bane, 1991- Hardell, L 6r M. Eriksson.1988. The associa- tion between soft tissue sarcomas and expos wetophenoxysceticaryls :Anew case- referent study. Cancer 62:6526. Harrison -Biotech. 1983. 'Control ofvegeta- tion on utility and railroad rights of- way,- (PrepatecifartheCommonweelth of Massachusetts Generic Envinatmen- tal Impact Report.) Cambridge. MA. Hayes,LM-etal. 1991. Case - control study of canine malignant lymphoma: posi- tive association with dog owners use of 2."chlorophenoxyacetic add herbi- cides. JNCI83(17):1226 -1231. f$ndle. R., F. Armstrong and A.A. Peake. 1967. Determination of N- nitroso- dimethylamine levels in someran°aian 2,4-Damineformulations. J.Asstt.Anai. Oran. 70(1):491. Hoar,S.,etaL 1986. - Agriculturalherbicide use and risk of lymphoma and soft` tissue sarcoma.' J. Amer. Mel. Assn, 256:1141 -47. Hosr- Zahut, S:, et al. 1988. 'A case control studyofnon- Hodgkin's lymphoma and agricultural factors in eastern Ne- braska.' (Abstract). 'jury charges Dow S1S million for 2.4-D- caused death of forest worker; J. Pesti- cide Reform 7(4)30. Krurnei, KL. and R.F. AmokL 1978. A study of the formation and removal of impuri- ties ion the process for 2,4-D. R&D Report Dow Chemical, USA Kumari, T.S. and K Vaidyanath. 1989. Test- ing of genotoxic effects of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyaaetic add (2.4 -D) us- ing multiple genetic assay systems of plants. Mutation Researds 226235238. Lerda, D. and R. Rizzi. 1990. Study of reproductive function in persons occu- pationally exposed to 2,4- dichiorvphtmoxyaeetic add (Z,4- D).Mu- tation Research 262-47 -50. Morgan, D.P. 1982, Rem=itinn and Man - , .ement of Pesticide Pro=ms. Envi- ronmental Protection Agency. Wash- ington, DC. Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle. 1980. - Literature reviews of fourselected her- bicides: 2.4-D, dichlobend, diquat and endothalL' Seattle, WA. Mustonen.&etal. 1989. Effectsofcommer- dal dtknvphenolate, 2,3,7,8 -TCDD, and purephenoxyaceticacidsonhepaticper- ordsome proliferation, xenobiotic me- taboiismandsisterchromatid exar2sange in the rat Ards. rosimi. 63:203 -208. Mustorten, R., et al. 1986. Effects of phenox "vatic skids on the induction of chromosome aberrations in vitro and in vivo. Matosevas s 1(4)241 -245. P91VGordon. 1982. ReponwEPA:Analysis for N-ni' ",1 compounds in four 2,4-D amine salt formulations. Washington, DC. Petsson, B., et a4 1989. Malignant lym- _� . V J phoma and occupationalexposure. Br.J. Ind. Mad. 46;51620. Turkula, T.E. and S.M. Ja1aL 1985. Increased rates of sister chromatid exchanges in- duced by the herbicide 24-D. f. Herodiiy 76213 -214. U.S. DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA) For- est Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 1988. Managing competing and unwonted wgefado Findenviromrualalingioctstoee- ntent appersdiam D & H. November. USDA. 1960 Pestiride RarkgMund crate - men VA 1 erbiddeg_ Forest Ser- vice. Washmgton. DC. US. -EPA, Blottdell, J. 1986. Compilation of reviews by independent scientists (D.P. Morgan, L.F. Burmeister, B. Mac mahon, do M.S. Linet) of Hoar. S., et al., 1986. Hazard Evaluation Division, Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, DC US.- EFA.1985. Drafthealthadvisorr2,4 -D. Office of Drinking Water, Washington, DC. U.S. -EPA, Office of Pes tilde Programs.1982. 2,4-D factsheet. Washington, DC, Octo- ber. US: EPA. 1981. Memorandum: Analysis for di and tetra- chloronated dibe cii- oxins in 2.4-D, from R. Harless to Mike Dellasao. Office of toxic substances. As cited in Banes, 1991. ' Weisenburger, D.D. 1990. Environmental epidemiology of non - Hodgkin's lym- phoma ineastern Nebraska. Am. MaL 18303-.30S. Wigle, DT., et al. 1990. Mortality study of Canadian farm operators: non- Hodgkin's lymphoma mortality and ag- ricultural practices in Saskatchewan. JNCI82(7)675.582 Woods,15.1989. Non - Hodgkins lymphoma amen g phenoxy herbicide - exposed farm workers in western Washington state. Chemosphae 18(1 - 6):401406. Ylitalo, P., U. Narhi and H.A. 80. 1990. Increase in the acute toxicity and brain concentrations of chloeophe oxyscetic acidsbyprobeneddinrats. Cem.Pharmtoc 210:811-814. 2aihm, S.Fi, et al. 1990. A case-control study of non - Hodgkin's lymphoma and Ste herbicide 2,4-dkhlorophetoxya eetic add (2,4 -D) in Eastern Nebraska. Epidem. 1(5):349 -356. .Natio" Coalition Api mt the Miswe of Pesticides -701 E Street. SE- Washington. DC420Z 435450• 06i15i94 WED 15:20 FAI 2025431983 NCARF chemicalWATCH Factsheet First registered in 1964, MCPP or meaoprop is available as the add, the potassium, diethanolamine, or dirnethyiamine salt, or the isooctyl es- ter. Several manufactures produce a variety of formulation& Some prod- ucts ate herbicide/fertilizer mixtures, and many contain pesticidal commbma- dons, often including other phenoxy herbicides such as 2A-D, dicamba, MSMA and MCPA. Like these herbi rides. MCPP disrupts normal cell di- vision. EPA estimates that 1-6 million pounds ate used annually, applied for post-emergent control of broadleaf weeds such as prostate chickweed, satrhwoM ground ivy, lmowtweed, clover, and plaintain. The vast major- ity of usage, 96%, is on turf, including ]8 ° —s, sport turt and commurcial sod cdon. A small percentage, 1-4%, i J innonc opareas suchas rights - of -way, drainage ditch banks and for- est site preparation. Application methods include ground spreaders or sprayers, and pressurized hose -end sprayers, as well as aerial application for specific non-cropland sites. In preparing the 1989 Reregistration Documnent, EPA found significant data gaps for MCPP add and the registered salts and ester in the areas of toxicology, ecological effects, envitorutz�ental fate, and product and residue chemistry. Toxicology studies have been submitted on MCPP acid b ut not for the salts or ester. These studies ate felt to be adequate for the potas- sium salt. However, the diethanolamine and dimethylamine salt as well as the lsooctyl ester are more complex molecules and may havedifferenttoxicological properties. MECOPROP Thus, separate toxicology data is re- MCPP can be absorbed across the gut, lung and skin. Ph enoxyherblddes are generally not significantly fat stor- able and excretion occurs almost en rarely by way of the urine. The acute systemic toxicity of MCPP add is rela- tively low, with a rat oral LD-, = 558 mg /kg. However, direct contact can cause significant and persistent eye ir- ritation, corneal opacities, and iriti9, prompting a label signal word change from "caution" to "warring." Testing has shown no evidence of dermal irri- tation, but dermal sensitization testing remains an outstanding requirement. Studies to assess other long -term health effects such as the potential to cause cancer, chronic health effects, or reproductive effects are not required because mecoprop has no food use registration. Kidney damage was observed in a sub-chrorucstudy. Rats werefed doses of 3,9, and 27 mg /kg MCPP add for 90 days. Kidneyeffectswemobsetvedfor both sexes at 9 and 27 mg /kg, with the NoObservableEffed Level NNOEL)= 3 mg /kg. Mutagenicity testing in bacterial systems is negative, however, chro,- mosomual aberrations were observed in a ntammalian study. A dose -leper dent increase in sister chromatic ex- change (SCE) was seen in Chinese hamsters after a singieoral MCPP dose of 470 and 3800 mg /kg. Some adverse reproductive effects were seen in one of two studies. A study in rats to determine MCPP's ability to cause birth defects involved doses of 20, 50, or 125 mg /kg /day of MCPP acid on days 6.15 of gestation. t¢j 007 At the high dose, increased intra -uter- ine deaths, decreased crown-rump lengths, and an increased incidence of delayed or absent ossification of the sternum were reported with no ma- ternal effects observed. No fetotoxddty or birth defects were observed in a similar study on rabbits exposed to 12, 30, or 75 mg /kg /day. Determination of MCPP's devel- opmental effects raises concern for workers or homeowners who mix, load, and apply mecoprop or enter ar- eas where MCPP may have been ap. plied. EPA calculated the risk for commercial and homeowner uses. Exposure estimates were compared to the NOEL for birth defects to deter mine the margin of safety (MOS). The MOS ranged from 50 - 7100, depending upon use and protective equipment. An MOS less than 100 is not considered acceptable. Homeowner MOS ranged from 610 -2100,butit was noted therisk "may be underestimated because homeowners typically wear only minimal clothing during pesticide treatment" Citing limitations in the exposure data utilized in these calcu- lations, EPA is requiring additional studies to refine the exposureestimates to bettor assess risk This will include dermal absorption studies, foliar and soil dissipation studies to assess expo- sure fronare►entry to treated arras, and consideration of dermal and inhalation toxicology data when it is available. No interim risk reduction measures were imposed. The re -entry period is the minimum "until spray has dried or the dust has settled." Additional concern is raised re- garding the presence of highly toxic continued on reverse I Reprinted from Volume 10, Number 5, December, 1990 Bibliography on r ffl Pesticides and You National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides (NCAMP) 701 E Street, S.E., Second Floor, Washington, D.C. 20003 - 202/543 -5450 06/15/94 WED 15:21 F.0 2025431983 `iCAXP 008 /'} ckemicalWA,TCH Factsheet 7 PrDP continwd from mV I impurides in MCPP products. MCPP contains a chlorinated cyclic compo- nenL EPA has found that chemicals with such a structure may have been peed under conditions that lead to the formation of chlorinated dibmuc -p- dioadna or dibenzof wu as accidental byproducts. The most famous dioxin, 2,3,7,8 TCDD, is known to cause cancer, birth defects, fetotordaty, and a skin condition known as chloracre- Itc an be lethal to aquatic species" birds, and some mammals. In addition, the amine salt$ of MCPP may become cmtaau- noted by carcinogenic nitrosamines under certain conditions of manufac- ture and storage. In response to this, EPA issued a 1987 data call in (DCD on the manufacturing process and storage to deberaune the degree of tmpurity formation EPA has received acceptable envi metal fate studies only for MCPP acid_ gxperiments show MC3'P add is stable to hydrolysis, photodegradm slowly with a half life of 83 days under artificial light, and is very mobile in sand, sandy loam, silt loam, and silty clay loam soils. EPA is not requiring groundwater monitoring studies, but if the requested environmental fate stud ies indicate MCPP or its degradates re- main in water and leach significantly, a monitoring study will be required. Studies on fish indicate low level bi,oamumulation of MCPP add in fish with bioconcentration factors of 1-2-5-5 and 3.0 X in edible tissue, nonedible tissue, and whole fish, respectively during 28 days of exposure at 1 ppm. Maximum levels in edible tissue were 13 ppm. At n and 28 days post treat- ment, residues were found to be 023 - 024ppm. EPA finds theobservedlevels of bioarcL*nlation or virtually no sig- nificance. Avian studies for MCPP add report an LD„ of700 mg /kginbobwhitequaiL suggesting slight acute toxicity to avian species. Additional avian dietary data are required for MCPP dimethylamine salt and diethanolamine salt and isooctyle ester. Available freshwater fish toxicity studies indicate MCPP add has low acute toxicity to freshwater fish (rainbow trout LCs, 124 ppm). Data is needed for waramwater species and ef- fects of the other MCPP products. There is no acceptable data on acute effects on freshwater aquatic inverte- brates. Given that MCPP foranilaiions are used in drainage ditch - banks and that MCPP is a major herbicide used on turf, significant runoff to estuarine/ marine environments may be erected. No studies on estuarine and marine organisms have been submitted for re- view nor is there acceptable data for toxicity to nontarget plants. For those formulations used in drainage ditchbank aplication, EPA is requiring aquatic plant testing utilizing a variety of algae, diatom, and weed species. There is no data to indicate whether MCPP or any formulations containing it may affect nontarget insects or endan- gered plant or animal species. According to EPA's ret'egistration plan, all data to support registration of MCPP pesticides will be in, reviewed, and ready forreregistration decisions w fiscal year 1992. chemealWr4T'�"' factsheet .Mecaprop biblio graphy U.S.-EPA. 1989. Guidance for the Reregistration of Pesticide Products Containing Mecoprop (MCPP). Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, DC. U.S.-EPA. 1988. Memorandum: Mecoprop Registration Standard Cover Memo. W. Sette, 9/23/88. Health Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, DC. Dyar mac Corporation. Review and Evaluation of Individual Studies. Environmental Fate Assessment. Contract no. 68- 02 -425() to EPA Office of Pesticide Programs. Washington, DC. Morgan. D.P. 1988. Recognition & Managermnt of Pesticide Poisonings. 4th ed. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, M •N&d=al Coalltlon Agai1* the Misuse of Festlddo • 701 E StreeL SE • Washington. DC 200013 •20Z/543.5650• FAN� % ! , ❑ AFRICA Environmental l,a son Centre. PO Box 72461. Nairobi. Kenya T el.. 24770 N"Y No n e Can Sqx7 ,1 ❑ ASIA/PACIFIC "Pesticides Are Safe" International Orgatizaao n of Consumers Unions. PO Box 1045. Penang. Malaysia - Tel.: (04) 20391 y Mary H. O'Brien � EUROPE Oxfam. 274 Banbury Road. P E S T I C I D E S A R. E D E S I G N E D to kill certain unwanted organisms, whether lane or animal. The � g p y Oxford, Ox2 7DZ UK often do more poisoning than they are supposed to, however. A pesticide chat seems at first to be quire Tel.: (0865) 56777 "safe" often turns out to cause damage no one foresaw. This is because there are so many different ways pesticides can cause damage. ❑ LATIN AMERICA 1. A Pesticide may kill mer,: than the pest. Less than one our of 1,000 kinds of insects are pests, and Fundadon Natura. Casllla 243. Quito. Ecuador yet most insecticides kill many kinds of insects, including chose that help control the pest species. By Tel.: 239-177 living weight, soil organisms account for half of all living matter on earth and yet the effects of g g ga pesticides on soil organisms may the least- researched area of pest control. Earthworm populations C TFl AMERICA are dramatically decreased.by most carbamate pesticides, for example. Fish are sensitive to poisons that a of the Earth contact their gill surfaces, so pesticides in water in amounts of only a few pans per billion (ppb) often lv,3 5ansome street. kill fish. Fish -kill is often an expected consequence of pesticide runoff from agricultural fields. San Francisco. CA 94111. USA Tel.. (415) 433 -7373 Mammals and birds are poisoned when they ear poisoned insects and animals or poisoned baits intended for other animals. Finally, human beings are all too frequently victims of pesticides. 2. A Pesticide may remain a long time in the environment Organochlorine pesticides (e.g., DDT, heptachlor, chlordane) are among the most persistent of pesticides, but other kinds of pesticides, such as the dipyridyl herbicide paraquat and the carbamate fungicide benomyl, may also persist for long periods. These pesticides can accumulate over the years in soil, pond bottoms, to be taken up later by plants or released by soil orgamisms to poison further. For _example, the half -life of the organochlorine pesticide toxaphone is IS years in soil, meaning that f5_years aftectoxaphene is applied to soil, one -half of the pesticide will remain in the soil. After 30 years, one - fourth will remain. 3. A Pesticide May Travel Far. Pesticides may travel via air, soil, water, dust or organisms to affect living organisms far from where they were applied. Persistent organochlorine pesticides have been shown to travel thousands of miles after being sprayed before coming down in rain or snow. Certain pesticides also travel through food webs. Organochlorine pesticides are stored in the far of animals and then accumulate in the bodies of ocher animals or humans who eat them. Some organisms such as fish concentrate certain pesticides in their bodies directly from contaminated water. 4. A pesticide may turn into another poison. Almost doching is known about many of the other changes a pesticide undergoes in the environment, but several are known to break down into even more hazardous compounds. For example, the organochlorine heptachlor is changed into heptachlor epoxide, a toxic poison, inside plants and animals. Parathion becomes another compound four times more toxic when it contacts oxygen. The organophosphace insecticide acephate turns into another pesticide, methamidophos, inside plants, animals and sediments. Mechamidophos itself is used to kill birds that feed on crops and is more toxic to birds than acephate. The 'Dirty Dozen- Campaign is a public education effort organized by the Pesticide Action Network (PAN) International, a global coalition of citizens' groups. it targets 12 part Warly hazardous pesticides for international regulatory action: Campneclor (Toxaphene} ChlordarwHeprachloc Chlor. dimeform (Gales wo OBCP. DOT. The'Onns' (Aldnrv0*1drr#*ndnnl EOB. HCWl.raane. Paraquat. Ethyl Paratfron. Pentiatloropnenol (PCPI and 2.4.s -T. For firmer information contact the nearest PAN reg,ony center. Although there is no such thing as entirely safe pesticides, many safe alternatives to pesticides are presently available, and many more are under investigation. While far more research in this area is still needed, there is already a beginning international movement by farmers away from heavy dependence on synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers, toward less toxic, more sustainable agricultural practices. Household pests too can frequently be controlled by a variety of techniques emphasizing a thorough understanding of the pests' life cycles and habitats. Individuals and groups working to develop and publicize alternatives to unsafe pesticides need support from everyone, regardless what country they live in, for it is all the earth's inhabitants that benefit from their efforts to "detoxify" our planet. References: Documentation for this paper is available from NCAP; P.O. B! 13173 Eugene, Oregon 97440; USA. Mary H. O'Brien is Information Coordinator for the Northwest Coalition for tematives to Pesticides (NCAP), a coalition of citizen groups working for pesticides reform in the northwest U.S. She holds a doctorate on Botany and is author of On the Trail of A Pesticide: A Guide to Learning About the Chemistry, Effects, and Testing of Pesticides (Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides, 1984). The -Drty Dozen' Campa.gn K a pubic education effort orpruzed by the Pesticide Acton Network (PAN) International. a coalition of citizens groups around the world. tt targets 12 Dartcui ny hazardous pesticoes for mtematwnai regulatory action. For furwer information contact the nearest PAN reg�orw center. AM= Ermronmental Lason Centre. PO Box 72461. Navoba. Kenya- Tel.. 24770 Asia/Pacific International Organization of Consumers Unons. PO Bo. 1045. Penang. Malayw. Tel.: (04) 20391 Europe: Oxfam. 274 Banbury Fla.. Oxford. OX2 7DZ U.K. Tel.. (0865) 56777 Latin America Funoacwn Natura. Canna 243. Qwto. Ecuador. Tel.: 239.177 North Amens Friends Of the Earth. 1045 Sansone 5t.. San Francisco. CA 94111. USA. Tel.: 1415) 433.7373 s S. A pesticide may become more poisonous in the presence of other chemicals. Sometimes the toxic effect of one pesticide is dramatically increased in the presence of another pesticide or chemical. The toxicity of many pairs of organophosphate pesticides, for instance, is increased when they are combined. This effect is called synergism. Non - pesticide chemicals can also interact with pesticides. The toxicity of malathion, for instance, is greatly increased by a common industrial plasticizer, TOTP, even when malathion exposure occurs two weeks following the use of TOTP. 6. A pesticide may poison by methods entirely different than those intended. Since most pesticides are designed to kill pests quickly, their long -term effects on humans, such as cancer, genetic damage, and birth defects, are all unintended side effects. Phenoxy herbicides, for example, are designed to kill plants by causing them to grow quickly, . but they also poison animals by damaging their liven and are suspected of causing cancer in humans. 7. A pesticide may poison in such a way that it is hard to recognize that the poisoning is taking place. Several pesticide carriers (i.e. part of the formulated pesticide that is not the active ingredient) have been shown to inc #ease the toxicty of viral diseases in mice. If a human became ill with a virus after exposure to a pesticide, it would be very difficult to prove that the pesticide had played a role. And researchers are only now beginning to learn that exposure to certain organophosphate pesticides may cause permanent damage to the brain, resulting in sleeplessness, memory loss, irritability, and other symptoms frequently not associated with pesticide poisoning. 8. Pesticide damage may show up long after the pesticide has left the body. Like X -rays, pesticides that are capable of causing genetic damage or cancer can initiate the damage in whatever period they are actually in the body. For example, the phenoxy herbicide 2,4-D is rapidly eliminated from the body, but several cases are known in which . individuals briefly exposed to 2,4-1) on their skin developed nerve damage in their arms and legs several weeks later. 9. A pesticide may be dangerous even if all label directions are followed. A pesticide, by. definition and design, is intended to destroy at least some form of life. Some uses and storage practices are safer than others and therefore recommended on labels, but the product itself remains hazardous. Even following the label exactly cannot guarantee it will cause no harm. In the US., it is illegal to print a label that claims a pesticide is "safe" or "harmless" for this reason. With pesticides manufactured, formulated, or exported into developing countries, the uncertainties multiply. And even if accurately labelled when shipped, a pesticide may be repackaged later in a way that fails to protects handlers and users. 10. A pesticide may cause damage that was never investigated before it was registered or not discovered during _ .. toxicological testing. Testing standards in the U.S. are the most complete and stringent in the world, yet even these are r very inadequate. For example, in the United States, almost all pesticides are conditionally registered, which means that . . not all required health tests have been completed and reviewed before they are allowed on the market. In 1983, only ' four out of over 600 active ingredients had been registered with all required tests. Only 38 percent of the pesticides on the market in the United States have been tested for cancer causing ability as required by law (i.e. passing two tests). Only 30 to 40 percent have been tested for birth defects, and leis than 10 percent have been tested for genetic damage. In addition, studies of certain pesticide effects, such as those on children and other especially vulnerable groups, or effects on the body's immune system, are not required and are almost never done. Thus countries whose pesticide , regulatory schemes have relied on U.S. data have inadequately tested pesticides on the market as a result. Although there is no such thing as entirely safe pesticides, many safe alternatives to pesticides are presently available, and many more are under investigation. While far more research in this area is still needed, there is already a beginning international movement by farmers away from heavy dependence on synthetic chemical pesticides and fertilizers, toward less toxic, more sustainable agricultural practices. Household pests too can frequently be controlled by a variety of techniques emphasizing a thorough understanding of the pests' life cycles and habitats. Individuals and groups working to develop and publicize alternatives to unsafe pesticides need support from everyone, regardless what country they live in, for it is all the earth's inhabitants that benefit from their efforts to "detoxify" our planet. References: Documentation for this paper is available from NCAP; P.O. B! 13173 Eugene, Oregon 97440; USA. Mary H. O'Brien is Information Coordinator for the Northwest Coalition for tematives to Pesticides (NCAP), a coalition of citizen groups working for pesticides reform in the northwest U.S. She holds a doctorate on Botany and is author of On the Trail of A Pesticide: A Guide to Learning About the Chemistry, Effects, and Testing of Pesticides (Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides, 1984). The -Drty Dozen' Campa.gn K a pubic education effort orpruzed by the Pesticide Acton Network (PAN) International. a coalition of citizens groups around the world. tt targets 12 Dartcui ny hazardous pesticoes for mtematwnai regulatory action. For furwer information contact the nearest PAN reg�orw center. AM= Ermronmental Lason Centre. PO Box 72461. Navoba. Kenya- Tel.. 24770 Asia/Pacific International Organization of Consumers Unons. PO Bo. 1045. Penang. Malayw. Tel.: (04) 20391 Europe: Oxfam. 274 Banbury Fla.. Oxford. OX2 7DZ U.K. Tel.. (0865) 56777 Latin America Funoacwn Natura. Canna 243. Qwto. Ecuador. Tel.: 239.177 North Amens Friends Of the Earth. 1045 Sansone 5t.. San Francisco. CA 94111. USA. Tel.: 1415) 433.7373 06/17/1994 09:57 ® 1,000,000- tow,ow "Umis Per Year ■ z,000 oo",WOM "W* Ww 3.000,0004,000.000 PWAW omr w 0"r 41000.000 PM* Pf w Sou=: ikneW I.P. Niel CA PuW 19f�l. Um d snicfe'11-11- te N 11rkub roll CM9 fxoduction br taw Wss;NWon. D.C.: Pss<a WM for fir FAM 5033440723001 NVAF rA6E of /A � � .:.d. � More Re lation and More Cancer Risks from 2,4D: Wouldn't SupportingAlternadves Make More Sense? 2,41) Is the fourth most commonly used herbicide In the US; about 40 million pounds are used annually. (See map. above.) Its use has been assot� aced with an Increased risk of cancer In farmers In a number of epidemiol- ogy studleL2 Rereg1 I'll ion data re- quirements, including laboratory tar - cinogenlcity tests, most recently Im- posed for the phenoxy herbicide In September 1988 are now ot►ertlwe lo- stead of suspending Z,4-D reglstratim for failure to meet the deadlines. EPA entered Into an agreement with, a W= &d AflffCdllwW flee 011»1.0 manufacturers! task Ion= In endhw ge for new deadlines for submission of the requlred test results. the nmmlfac^ unws will make label dla m that hi- crease safety requireanents. require more protective clothing, reduce mudmum application rates, and re- strict reentry following turf fuses. Alm. the task form wig undetuk a conslmoter education measures and provide a telephone hotlines Far silt of the V*IP milt mWing saldles the talc foloz has waived their right to appeal slfspat sloe 9 new deadlines are mused. What does the public gain from this agreement? Not much. it would sear. All data are not due scalp December US EPA cemmunkatlon. Edmulon, and Public AfWm 1992 Task hxm represent - Ing 240 pesticide rostrants agrees to e gnsunreeeductlon bdW changes and user education program w alterua tm to EPA suspension for ovsdue data. Rees Advi. sory (October 9). Washington. D.G 19956 The label chance WUP010t have taappl�r until June 15.199K, and produf2s with old labels can aootinue to be sold until January 1996. The agreement hats 15 rear sons for which EPA agrees In advance to grant deadline eaten - sloass . Once apWl EPA has shown that it is not reaching Its pwhdloa pretrention pool. A tittle support for the &"11- ttuM of sustainable al ternadve weed managmf` meat practices could go a Atcavg► 4. US. EPA. Pestlddes and Tmde Substaooss. 1992. Pesticide Industry "We and usaget 1990 and 1991 msrhoLesumetea. Wasldnt ton. O.t:. (FA) S. liar. N.0. vic"reddent. Owlilsom LMw to Anne UM". areta. US SPA MOMw am ONAsloef.'Ragmmt to srrrmd 2O refs. tradwie Sapturbr 30.1982. JOUMA1.OF P24fl ®E REFORM / W1rf U 1902 / VOL 12, NO.4 F` z ti h 20 SILEN'r SPRING Substitute chlorine atoms for all of the hydrogen atoms and the result is carbon tetrachloride, the familiar cleaning fluid: Cl Cl C Cl / Cl In the simplest possible terms, these changes rung upon the basic molecule of methane illustrate what a chlorinated hydro- carbon is. But this illustration gives little hint of the true conl- plexity of the chemical world of the hydrocarbons, or of the manipulations by which the organic chemist creates his infinitely varied materials. For instead of the simple methane molecule with its single carbon atom, lie may work with hydrocarbon molecules consisting of many carbon atoms, arranged in rings or chains, with side chains or branches, holding to themselves with chemical bonds not merely simple atoms of hydrogen or chlorine but also a wide variety of chemical groups. By seetn- illgly slight changes the whole character of the substance is changed; for example, not only what is attached but the place of attachment to the carbon atom is highly important. Such ingenious manipulations have produced a battery of poisons of truly extraordinary power. DDT (short for dichloro- diphenyl- trichloro- ethane) was first synthesized by a German chemist in 1874, but its properties as an insecticide were not discovered until 1939. Almost im- mediately DDT was hailed as a means of stamping out insect - borne disease and winning the farmers' war against crop de- stroyers overnight. The discoverer, Paul Muller of Switzerland, .von the Nobel Prize. DDT is now so universally used that in most minds the prod- uct takes on the harmless aspect of the familiar. Perhaps the ELIXIRS OF UEA'rtl - 21 myth of the harmlessness of DDT rests on the fact that one of its first uses was the wartime dusting of many thousands of soldiers, refugees, and prisoners, to combat lice. It is widely be- lieved that since so many people came into extremely intimate contact with DDT and suffered no immediate ill effects the chemical must certainly be innocent of harm. This understand- able misconception arises from the fact that — unlike other chlo- rinated hydrocarbons — DDT in powder form is not readily absorbed through the skin. Dissolved in oil, as it usually is, DDT is definitely toxic. If swallowed, it is absorbed slowly through the digestive tract; it may also be absorbed through the lungs. Once it has entered the body it is stored largely in organs rich in fatty substances (because DDT itself is fat - soluble) such as the adrenals, testes, or thyroid. Relatively large amounts are deposited in the liver, kidneys, and the fat of the large, pro- tective mesenteries that enfold the intestines. This storage of DDT begins with the smallest conceivable in- take of the chemical (which is present as residues on most food- stuffs) and continues until quite high levels arc reached. The fatty storage depots act as biological magnifiers, so that an in- take of as little as % o of 1 part per million in the diet results in storage of about 10 to 15 parts per million, an increase of one hundredfold or more. These terms of referelicc, so common- place to the chemist or the pharmacologist, are unfamiliar to most of us. One part in a million sounds like a very small amount—and so it is. But such substances are so potent that a minute quantity can bring about vast changes in the body. In animal experiments, 3 parts per million has been found to inhibit an essential enzyme in heart muscle; only 5 parts per million has brought about necrosis or disintegration of liver cells; only 2.5 parts per million of the closely related chernicals dieldrin and chlordane did the same. This is really not surprising. In the normal chemistry of the human body there is just such a disparity between cause and This.page is an excerpt from the book Silent Snrina,,byRachel Carson. The book.was,written in 1958 and it;is interesting_to,. note that DDT was under;heavy,debate over .its health risk.-;At-,, a, that time, many reputable scientists and studies found "'DDT` to `be e-s s . r 22 SILENT SPRING effect. For example, a quantity of iodine as small as two ten - thousandths of a gram spells the difference between health and disease. Because these small amounts of pesticides are cumula- tively stored and only slowly excreted, the threat of chronic poisoning and degenerative changes of the liver and other organs is very real. Scientists do not agree upon how much DDT can be stored in Arnold Lehman, who is the chief phar- the human body. Dr. macologist of the Food and Drug Administration, says there is neither a floor below which DDT is not absorbed nor a ceiling beyond which absorption and storage ceases. On the other hand, Dr. Wayland Hayes of the United States Public Health Service contends that in every individual a point of equilibrium is reached, and that DDT in excess of this amount is excreted. For practical purposes it is not particularly important which of these men is right. Storage in human beings has been well in- vestigated, and we know that the average person is storing potentially harmful amounts. According to various studies, in- dividuals with no known exposure (except the inevitable dietary one) store an average of 5.3 parts per million to 7.4 parts per million; agricultural workers 17-1 parts per million; and workers in insecticide plants as high as 648 parts per million! So the range of proven storage is quite wide and, what is even more to the point, the minimum figures are above the level at which damage to the liver and other organs or tissues may begin. One of the most sinister features of DDT and related chem- icals is the way they are passed on from one organism to an- other through all the links of the food chains. For example, fields of alfalfa are dusted with DDT; meal is later prepared from the alfalfa and fed to hens; the hens lay eggs which con- tain DDT. Or the hay, containing residues of 7 to 8 parts per million, may be fed to cows. The DDT will turn up in the milk in the amount of about 3 parts per million, but in butter made from this milk the concentration may run to 65 parts per ELIXIRS OF DEATH 23 million. Through such a process of transfer, what started out as a very small amount of DDT may end as a heavy concentra- tion. Farmers nowadays find it difficult to obtain uncontarn- inated fodder for their milk cows, though the Food and Drug Administration forbids the presence of insecticide residues in milk shipped in interstate commerce. The poison may also be passed on from mother to offspring. Insecticide residues have been recovered from human milk in samples tested by Food and Drug Administration scientists. This means that the breast -fed human infant is receiving small but regular additions to the load of toxic chemicals building up in his body. It is by no means his first exposure, however: there is good reason to believe this begins while he is still in the womb. In experimental animals the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides freely cross the barrier of the placenta, the tradi- tional protective shield between the embryo and harmful sub- stances in the mother's body. While the quantities so received by human infants would normally be "small, they arc not un- important because children are more susceptible to poisoning than adults. This situation also means that today the average individual almost certainly starts life with the first deposit of the growing load of chemicals his body will be required to carry thenceforth. All these facts—storage at even low levels, subsequent ac- cumulation, and occurrence of liver damage at levels that may easily occur in normal diets, caused Food and Drug Administra- tion scientists to declare as early as igSo that it is "extremely likely the potential hazard of DDT has been underestimated." There has been no such parallel situation in medical history. No one yet knows what tile- ultimate consequences may be. Chlordane, another chlorinated hydrocarbon, has all these un- pleasant attributes of DDT plus a few that are peculiarly its own. Its residues are long persistent in soil, on foodstuffs, or on RttaC -Arum t K CheMicals' risk largely unknown, scientists say , pcolifaation of torica: ��: More than ho£ us ► ]mow Associa"aft- ess �r 's *:, w r • .;� ' iaaaaated. L don ' 'Faltin8� pollution Atlanta. ' r �I h �`1 n are S million' known ch �� International scientists conceded - -jethe *o #d+ with I.500 ,developed causes that �doa't lmo�w: how ..each year. Yet thme�,;. good data on i . ASinoc:� • Monday Y ''waste or--- tlic- Yifaith effeds'of.: only : about 10 , :. =.::;, 3t�•- -so' MuchcMosrueLbha2ai�aus eves everyday carises-0I percent; said Dr Baaard-.Goldstein. -~ �� Y a New Jersey- e9v- r&6cdtal health About X950: environmental perts ^I;h ,a3'�o•�.os :4 gathered for the- first 'international emus wastetion'about. r: , „ }; :. j� - how. baiaido ps affect conference on the health effects of said Dr. -Kenneth Olden of r hazardous waste — a smenx they'National Mutes . of Health. �'` ,` "`~ ` a agreed is is its infancy despite the By Robin Whyatt Young children generally receive greater exposure to pesticides in food than adults.' Relative to their weight, children both consume more food than adults (due to a higher rate of metab- olism) and larger quantities of fruit (commodities that have a high like- lihood of being contaminated with pes- ticides). A study by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC)' found that for almost all of the 23 pesticides evaluated, preschoolers received greater pesticide exposure than adults. For the majority, their ex- posure was four or more times greater and for some pesticides as much as nine to twelve times greater. Young children not only receive greater pesticide exposure, they may also be more susceptible to the toxic ef- fects of these pesticides as a result of their immature physiological develop- ment. While relatively few pesticides have been specifically evaluated to determine if their toxicity is greater in the young, numerous studies have found the young to be more vulnerable to the toxic effects of many chemicals, including some pesticides. Experimental studies have found that neurotoxic organophosphate pesticides are more acutely toxic to the young. Robin Whyatt is Senior Project Scientist for the Natural Resources Defense Coun- cil and is a principal author, with Bradford Sewell, of Intolerable Risk: Pesticides in Our Children's Food (Feb- ruary 27, 1989, Natural Resources Defense Council). Robin holds a masters degree in public health. This article was adapted by Robin Whyatt from chapter three of Intolerable Risk, "Physiological Susceptibility May Make the Young Particularly Vulnerable to Pesticide Exposure. " Natural Resources Defense Council, 90 W. 20th; New York, NY 10001: (212) 727 -2700. Several studies suggest that low -level exposure to some organophosphates during nervous system development may cause long-term neurological im- pairments. Experimental studies nave also found the young to be particularly vulnerable to the effects of many car - cinogens(table 1). Why Are Children So Sensitive? Most of the evidence for the increased sensitivity in the young has come from experimental studies in laboratory animals. Human data are generally not available; however, results from ex- perimental studies in animals provide a reasonable model to predict results in humans.Z This susceptibility [of the young) to carcinogens and neurotoxins is of concern in light of the preschooler's greater exposure to pesticide residues in food, many of which are carcinogenic or neurotoxic . " In general, experimental studies have found the young of various species more likely to retain a greater portion of a given dose of certain toxins because of increased absorption and decreased elimination. Further, young bodies are not as capable of segregat- ing toxins (i.e., keeping toxins from the target organs), and the target organs themselves may be more susceptible to the toxic action of compounds. The enhanced retention results, in part, from the fact that the gastrointes- tinal tract is more permeable in the young and the process by which com- pounds are actively transported across cell membranes is increased.3 A num- ber of - compounds, _particularly in- JOURNAL OF PFSIXIDE REFORM / FALL 1999 organic chemicals like lead and mer- cury, are absorbed more readily by the young than by the adult. Developing kidneys are also less capable of ex- creting certain compounds in infancy than during adulthood.' Greater retention also occurs because detoxifying enzymes are not fully func- tional at birth; the young, therefore, are less capable of detoxifying many chem- icals than adults.s In rodents, most detoxifying enzymes are found at very low levels at birth, with marked eleva- tions occurring at the time of weaning.6 In human infants, there is appreciable enzyme activity, but enzyme levels are still lower than later in childhood or during adulthood.6 Consequently, chemicals can be retained in the blood of newborns for longer periods than they are in adults 6 The greater neuro- toxicity of the pesticides methyl para- thion and parathion in young rats has been shown to be the result of the low levels of detoxifying enzymes during this age period.' Besides having a propensity for re- taining a greater portion of a given compound, the young are less capable of binding many compounds to proteins in the blood.' Protein binding can be a significant detoxification mechanism, since it can segregate a chemical for- eign to the body, making it-less likely that the compound will reach its site of toxic action. Further, the target organs them- selves, because of physiological imma- turities, can be more susceptible to the toxic action of a chemical. For instance, the brain of most species is not fully developed for a long period following birth.' It is thought that this protracted period of maturation contributes to the sensitivity of the developing brain to neurotoxins.6 Are the young always at increased risk? The answer is no. Age - related susceptibility is a continuum and the young may be more sensitive, equally sensitive, or less sensitive to specific chemicals than adults-6 In some in- stances, rather than increasing suscep- tibility, immaturities in the physiolog- ical system actually protect against tox- is insults. For example, the immature kidney is often less susceptible to the ef- fects of toxic chemicals than the adult kidney.' The young are generally more resistant to kidney toxins as well as to certain respiratory and liver toxins than adults.' However, the young appear to be more susceptible than adults to the lethal effects of many compounds. A re- cent review of 269 drugs and toxic sub- stances, including a number of pesti- cides, found that the lethal dose (LD50 in mg /kg) was lower in newborn rodents than in adult rodents in 86% of the cases.3 In 17% of the cases where the, lethal dose was lower, it was more than 10 times lower. Further, the young have been found to be more susceptible to the effects of many carcinogens 'and neurotoxins.3 This susceptibility to carcinogens and neurotoxins is of concern in light of the preschooler's greater exposure to pesti- cide residues in food, many of which are carcinogenic or neurotoxic. Susceptibility to Carcinogens A number of laboratory studies hz found that animals are at greater risk developing cancer if exposure began during infancy rather than later in life. Of 14 carcinogens reviewed by NRDC (Table l), the young were more suscep- tible to 12. Similarly, another recent review found the young more suscep- tible to eight out of ten carcinogens evaluated.3 While there is relatively little human Table 1 Age Group Most Susceptible To Selected Carcinogens Most Susceptible Age Group: Tumor Site Young Adult Comments AFLATOXIN liver X Incidence was 100% in infant male mice; a dose 10 times as large given to adult animals resulted in no carcinogenic response.• BENZIDINE. liver X Adult mice were exposed to a 20 -fold higher dose, with only a marginal in- crease in incidence. Study concluded that "adults would probably develop liver tumors with lower incidence than infants" if doses were kept equivalent.b BENZO(A)PYRENE liver X Dramatic increase in incidence among neonatal mice compared to adults (males 81% versus 9 %; females 18% versus 0 %).c lung X Neonatal mice had 4 times the response of adultsf stomach No difference No age difference in susceptibility s lymphoreticular Wdiffbience Adult mice of one strain more susceptible; young of another more susceptible .c DIETHYLNITROSAHINE(DE.N) liver X Greater sensitivity of young seen both in rats and miceAcl lung No difference No age related difference in sensitivity in mice.d 7 ,12- DIMETHYLBE%Z4A IANTRACENE (DMBA) mammary gland No difference Although similar tumor rates, majority of tumors in young rats were benign while in post - pubertal rats they were malignant.s ETHYLNITROSOUREA(EN U) brain X Prenatal rats are 50 -fold more sensitive than adult animals.h In exposed infants, tumor incidence was 100% versus 40% in animals exposed at 4 weeks.' liver X Infant mice 4.5 times as sensitive as adultsi kidney X Infant mice 2 times as sensitive.i ovary X Infant mice 1.5 times as sensitive. lung X Slightly greater response in young mice.l haderian glands X Twice the incidence in adult micei stomach No difference Response in mice treated at 15 and 42 days identical. One day old mice 'h as responsive) lymphoreticular X Adult developed approximately twice as many tumors.i NITROSOBIS(2 -OXOPROPYL),AMI NE(BOP) multiple tumor sites X Twice total tumor response in young; tumor incidence increased in lung, thyroid and kidney in young and liver in adults.k NrMOSOMORPHOLINE liver X Tumor incidence was the same but earlier time -to -death among young rats was taken as index of greater susceptibility.k N- METHYL -N ITROSOL'REA(NM to mammary gland X Adolescent rats most sensitive.' 6 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / VOL 9, NO.9 i"_ experience to draw on, children are more susceptible to radiation exposure, and cancers develop at most sites with greater frequency if exposure begins during childhood rather than during adulthood.9. These and other findings have led researchers to conclude that infancy has "proved to be the most susceptible period to carcinogenesis."10 Exposure to carcinogens in infancy and early childhood does not necessar- ily mean that cancer will result during childhood. In fact, in most of the laboratory studies, cancers appeared late in life, regardless of whether the exposure was begun in infancy or in early adulthood. However, the cancer incidence was greater in the infant - exposed groups. Infant exposure can also result in a shortening of the latency period (the time it takes for the tumor to develop) but generally the cancer is still manifested in adulthood, not during childhood. For example, in the human population, most tumors fol- lowing radiation exposure during child- htfGcl►rti'U� �, hood do not appear until adulthood.9 Why Are Children So Susceptible to Carcinogens? One reason that the young may be more susceptible than adults to car- cinogens is because cells are dividing more rapidly during childhood than later in life. Carcinogenesis is a multi- stage. process. The first stage is known as initiation. Typically, a cell is "in- itiated" when a carcinogen interacts with its genetic material (DNA), causing • � . Table 1(eontlnaerilj %•�':.� ..:�.. �.; ...: , . Most spscendbte . wL.b�.. :_ .',:.•. -li .. - _ Age. 113 n - ' 1 ' M ' -A_R Tumor Site Young Adult Comment r !... ? #: "•':::• : a RADIATION multiple tumors X Human studies show children are more susceptible than adults to most "1011renic tumors, loduding thyroid, salivary gland, bone, leukemia brain and skin.„ Exceptions ire lung and breast.O1 - SAFROLE liver X 'Total dose 3n adults 28 times that of infant but infant male mice had 3 times .. ' - `• the tumor Incidence. Ittie age difference in sensitivity among f emales .�.� SODIUM SAC(3iARlN ., - _'t,!esw�r`�,:1#„g�' 3�•" , • - f ,� . � _;. ... �-,• bladder - :,X .. _. :.Tumors devebped in Tats, wilco eae.began during the perinatal period .. but not B etmowres began after weaning ° URETHANE multiple tumors :. - X,. - Numerow studies have found neonatal mice more sensitive with increased Incidences in thymic lymphomas, hepatomas, lung adenomas and skin tumors. Adults had.greater incidence of mammary tumors° Uver X ` - • _ Newborn rats bad 40 times greater incidence of angiosarcomaP and 2 times = -° _ .. _ greater of heeatocellu lar carcinoma mammary gland X Want female hatmster had 3 times greater respotsse.a _.. stomach No difference ` 'Similar response in hamster.° Ado " X Newborn hamster more responsive than adults (25% versus 0%).4 lung No difference No age difference in mioaa • Vesselinovitch. SD, et al. 1972. Aflatoxfn B„ a hepatocarcinogen in the infant mouse. CanrnRet. 322289.2291. b Vesselinovitch. SD. 1983. Perinatal hepatocarcinogenesis. Bice Res in Pre& and Perinatology 422 -25. c Vesselinovitch. SD, et al. 1975. Conditions modifying development of tumor in mice at various sites by benzo(a)pyrene. Cancer Res 35294 8-2953. d Vesselinovitch. SD, et aL 1984. Carcinogenicity of diethyinitrosamine in newborn, infant and adult mice. J. Cancer Res Qin. Oneol. 108:6065. • Deml, E, et al. 1981. Age, sex and strain-dependent differences in the induction of enzyme - altered islands in rat liver by diethyinitrosamine. Cancer Res CUm OncoL 100:125.134. t Dyroff, M. et aL 1986. Correlation of Okethyldeoxythymidine accumulation, hepatic initiation and hepatocelhilar carcinoma induction in rats con- sinuously administered diethylnibvsamine. Carcinogenesis 7241 -246. " .• I Sinha. DR, et aL 1983. Progression of rat mammary development with age and Its relationship to carcinogenesu by a chemical carcinogen. Brit J. Cancer 31:321.327. b Ivankovic, S. 1982. Chemical and viral agents in prenatal experimental carciiiogmesis. Bra Res. in Preg. 3:99102. 1 Naito, M, et aL -1981. Effect of age at treatment on the incidence and location of neurogenic.tumort induced in Wistar rats by a single dose of Ntthyl -n- nitrosourea. Gann 72:569.577. 1 Vesselinovitch, SD, et of. 1979. Neoplastic response of mouse tissues during peennatal age periods and its significance in chemical cardnogenesis:: Perinatal Carcinogenesis. National Cancer Institute Monograph SL t Ujinsky. W, and R Kovatch.1986. The effect of age on susceptibMty of rats to cardnop.nesis by iwo nitrosamineL Jpn• A Cancer Res 77:1222 -1226. I Chan, P. and 7L Dao.1993. Effects of dietary fat on age-dependent sensitivity to mammary carcinogenesis. Cancer Letters 18:245.249. . o Mulvihill, JJ.1982. Ecogenetic origins of cancer in the young: Environmental and .determinants. in Levine. AS (ed.), Cancer in theyoung. New York: Masson Publishing. ° E•ilwein, LB, and SM Cohn. 198& A cellular dynamics model of a perfinental bladder cancer: Analysis of the effects of sodium saccharin in the rat. Risk Analysis (June) - Calabrese, El. 1986. Age and susceptibility to toxic substances New York: John Wiley & Sons P Maltomi. C 1982. Vinyl chloride: A model carcinogen for risk assessment. in Tice 3d.. RR, et af. Genotazic effects of airborne agents New York:. Plenum. . Q Drew. RT, et aL 1983. The effect of age and exposure duration on cancer induction by ,a kmown carcinogen in rats. mice and hamster. Toxicol. of Applied Pharmacol. 68:120130. _.. . JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / FALL IM .7 A child In San Quintin. Mexico (Baia California) working in a field behind backpack sprayers who are spraying parathion. The child Is picking flowers off cherry tomato plants to limit production. a mutation. If the cell divides before the mutation can be repaired, the daughter cell permanently contains altered DNA. In other words, the mutation is 'fixed." If the cells are dividing rapidly follow- ing exposure to a carcinogen capable of mutating DNA, there is greater prob- ability that the mutation in DNA will be fixed and the carcinogenic event in- itiated.* A number of studies have cor- related rapid cell division with in- creased cancer incidence.'"' Another reason that the young may be more susceptible to carcinogens than adults is simply because they have a much longer life over which the car- cinogenic action may occur. Following cancer initiation, subsequent events, known as promotion and progression, can cause the initiated cell to become malignant. However this usually takes place over several decades and the fully developed malignancy does not occur until much later in life. There- fore, cells that are initiated late in human life, i.e., after age 50, have little 'Not every DNA mutation that is fixed will initiate a carcinogenic event. In fact, it is believed that only certain mutations in certain specific DNA se. quences are associated with cancer initiation. chance of being promoted over the re- maining life. of.the individual and usu- ally will not lead to cancer. However, cells that are initiated in childhood have a much higher probability of be. ing promoted over the seventy or more years of expected life of the individual and, thus,. of advancing to cancer. In.. fact, most of the cancer risk that an in- dividual faces from environmental car- cinogens, such as from carcinogenic residues on foods, may be from ex- posure in the very first years of life.' Susceptibility to Neurotoxins In addition to the increased suscep. tibility of the young to carcinogens, age - related susceptibility has been documented for a number of neuro- toxins. Of the 31 neurotoxic metals, pesticides and other organics analyzed in one review, there was an age - related difference in susceptibility for all but two. In 66% of the cases where suscep- tibility differed with age, the young were more susceptible.3 The young have been found to be at greater risk to the neurotoxic effects of many metals, a large number of anesthetics and analgesics, and a variety of other neurotoxic agents. For example, the young of many species, including tie humans, are extremely susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of lead, whit adults are fairly resistant'•a's The young have also been shown to be at great risk to the neurotoxic effects of a number of pesticides.3 For ex- ample, the young are especially suscep- tible to the acute effects of the organo- phosphate insecticides, which disrupt normal nerve transmission. In fact, young rats are more susceptible than "Of 14 carcinogens reviewed by [the Natural Resources Defense Council], the young were more susceptible to 12. Similarly, another recent review found. the young more susceptible to eight out of ten carcinogens evaluated adults to the lethal effects of 15 out of 16 organophosphate insecticides tested.3 For parathion and methyl parathion, the fatal dose in the young rat is six to eight times lower in relation to body weight than in adult rats.? For some organo- phosphate compounds, the fatal dose in immature animals has been reported to be only I% of the lethal dose in adult animals. . Why Are Children so Susceptible to Neunotoxbw? The sensitivity of the young to cer- tain neurotoxic agents is caused, in part, by the fact that the blood -brain barrier, or the barrier that inhibits the passage of compounds from the blood into the brain, is not fully developed. For example, the greater neurotoxicity of morphine, lead, and mercury in the young is related to the greater ac- cumulation of these substances in the immature brain' -'r The brain is also more susceptible to certain compounds during the develop- mental step called myelination, the pro- cess by which nerve fibers are covered by a fat -like substance (called myelin). Myelination takes place primarily after birth. For example, -in humans, the most rapid phase of myelination ends at 8 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / VOL 9, No. 3 �I two years. However, total myelination is not complete until adolescence.'- is Hexachlorophene, a fungicide and anti- bacterial agent, is a compound that damages myelin and is particularly neurotoxic to the young, including human infants.16• 17. 18 In France, about 40 infant deaths resulted in 1972 when baby powder, accidentally contami- nated with 6.6% hexachlorophene, was used on the infants." The young are also more sensitive to certian neuro- toxins, in part, because the blood capil- lary system in the brain is not fully developed and nerve fibers are still branching.17 Similarly, developing neurotrans- mitter and hormone cell receptors in the brain are vulnerable to disruption by neurotoxic agents. Exposure to drugs and chemical when neurotrans- mitter receptors are forming has been reported to affect the number of recep- tors and their functional maturation. Exposure to hormones can disrupt brain cell receptor development because cer- tain receptors require reinforcement by the appropriate hormone at a critical stage in development. Many substances in the environment have hormone -like properties, including some chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides. 19 Susceptibility to Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides Increased susceptibility of rodents to organophosphate pesticides appears to be due to insufficient detoxifying capa- bilities. For example, the greater toxi- city of parathion and methyl parathion in the young has been shown to be a re- sult of lower levels of detoxifying en- zymes compared to the levels of en- zymes that change, or activate, both or- ganophosphates to their more potent neurotoxic metabolites (paraoxon and methyl paraoxon).r Few studies on organophosphates have been conducted to determine the effects that low -level exposure during infancy has on neurological develop- ment. In fact, federal regulations cur- rently do not require that any pesti- cides be evaluated for the effects of low -level exposure on behavior, in- cluding such processes as learning abil- ity. activity level and memory, or on emotion, sight, and hearing. Organo- phosphates are the only class of pesti- cides that are currently required to un- dergo any neurotoxicity testing at all. This - testing is limited solely to a screen to assess for delayed paralytic reactions following high level ex- posure.20 Although not required by federal reg- ulation, some behavioral tests on devel- oping animals have been conducted which indicate that low -level exposure to organophosphates and carbamates during nervous system development may impair neurological integrity. Studies suggest that exposure to certain organophosphates and carbamates before and immediately after birth can cause delays in reflex and sexual development, as well as delays in eye opening; alter nerve transmission func- tion and neuroreceptor development, impair neuromuscular function, alter brain electrical activity, and, in several cases, affect brain structure. 16.21.22 "In fact,' federal regula- tions currently do not require that any pesticide be evaluated for the effects of lout -level exposure on behavior, including such processes as learning ability, activity level and memory, or on emotion, sight, and hearing " While these studies do not answer the critical question of how long the sen- sitivity of the developing nervous system to organophosphates and car- bamates might last, they collectively in- dicate that exposure . to some organo- phosphates and carbamates early in neurological' development may alter neurological function and may cause subtle and long - lasting neurobehavioral impairments.27 ■ References 1. Natural Resources Defense Council. February, 1989. Intolerable risk. Pesticides in our children's food. 2. National Academy of Sciences. 1977. Drink- ing water and health, Vol. 1. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 3. Calabrese, EJ. 1986. Age and susceptibility to toxic substances. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 4. World Health Organization (WHO). Enuiron- JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM / FALL 1989 Y �fn c)) ml ryd- mental Criteria 59, Principles for evaluating health risks from chemicals during infancy and early childhood. The need for a special approach. Geneva, 1986. 5. Marquis, JK and GC Siek. 1988. Sensitive populations and risk assessment in enAron- mental policy- making. In Saxena, J. (ed.). Hazard assessment of chemicals, Vol. 6. Washington. DC: Hemisphere Publishing Co. 6. Vessel, ES. 1983. Dynamically interacting genetic and environmental factors that affect the response of developing individuals to tox- icants. In Hunt, VR, et aL. led.). Banbury report H. Environmental factors in human growth and development. New York: Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory. 7. Murphy, SD. 1983. Toxicity and hepatic metabolism of organophosphate insecticides in developing rats. In Banbury Report 11 (see note 6). 8. Reiter, LW. 1986. Age - related effects of chemicals. In Banbury Report I (see note 6). 9. Mulvihill, JJ. 1982. Ecogenetic origins of cancer in the young: Environmental and genetic determinants. In Levine, AS, (ed.). Cancer in the young. New York: Marson Publishing. 10. Vesselinovitch. SD, et aL 1979. Neoplastic response of mouse tissues during perinatal age periods and its significance in chemical car - anogenesis. P&inatal Carcinogenesis. National Cancer Institute Monograph 51. 11. Dryoff, MC, et aL 1986. Correlation of 04- ethyldeoxythymidine accumulation,' hepatic initiation and heptacellular carcinoma induc- tion in rats continuously administered die - thylnitrosamine. Carcinogenesis 7:241.246. 12. Chang, W. et al 1981. Interrelationships be- tween cellular proliferation, DNA alkylation and age as determinants of ethylnitrosourea- Induced neoplasia. Cancer Lett. 13:39-45. 13. Chan, P. and TL Dao. 1983. Effects of dietary fat on age - dependent sensitivity to mammary carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett. 18: 245 -229. 14. Laib. RJ, et aL 1985. The rat fiver foci bioassay: age-dependence of induction by vinyl chloride of ATP - deficient foci. Carcinogenesis 6:65 -68. 15. Wiggins, RC. 1986. Myelination: A critical stage in development. Neurotoxicology 7(2): 103.129. 16. Spyker, JM, and David L Avery. 1977. Neuro- behavioral effects of prenatal exposure to the organophosphate diazinon in mice. J. Toxicol. and Envirom Health 3:9891002. 17. Klaassen. DC, et aL 1986. Casarett and Doull s toxicology. New York: Macmillan. 18. Wester, RC, and HI Maibach. 1982. Percv- taneous absorbtion: Neonate compared to adult. In Banbury Report 11 (see note 6). 19. Kupfer, David. 1982. Studies on short and long -range estrogenic action of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides. In Banbury Report 11 (see note 6). 21. Mactutus, -CF. and HA Tilson. 1986. Psycho- genic and neurogenic abnormalities after perinatal insecticide exposure. In Riley, ER and. CV Vorhees (eds.), Handbook of behavioral tero- tology. New York: Plenum Press. 22. Rosenstein, L and N Chernoff. 1978. Spon. taneous and evoked EEG changes in perinatal rats following in utero exposure to Baygon: A preliminary investigation. BuIL Enuirom Con - 'tam. 7b xicol 20:624-632. 23. See also: National Academy of Sciences. 1985. Toxicity of selected contaminants. In Drinking water' and health, 6:5. Washington, DO National Academy Press. i f+7-7-,4C If MC, VT /K Appendix Three The Meaning of Carcinogenicity Testing by William Lijinsky Introduction Dr. Lijinsky's testimony to a U.S. Senate commit- tee summarizes the most important aspects of test- ing for cancer - inducing substances. He points out some key ways in which various formulas for pre- suming to rate this potential are not based on sound science, and clarifies the methods used and their reasons. When he submitted this statement he was director of the Chemical Carcinogenesis Program at the Frederick Cancer Research Center. He is now at the National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences. —SAB STATEMENT OF DR. WILLIAM LIJINSKY BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND HUMAN RESOURCES, UNITED STATES SENATE, JUNE 6, 1989 Mr. Chairman and members of the committee, thank you for allowing me to present my views on the problem of regulation of pesticides in the food supply, an issue of great importance in protecting the public health. I am William Linjinsky and am providing my personal opinions, not those of the United States government nor those of my em- ployer, Bionetics Research, Inc. I would like to ad- dress briefly the cautions that must be considered before changing the present conditions. These are based on more than 35 years of study of chemical carcinogenesis. Cancer is probably the most fearful disease to people in the industrialized world, afflicting 1 per- son in 4 and killing 1 person in 6. This is a new pat- tern of the twentieth century, following the reduc- tion through hygiene and better habits of the common infectious diseases. The experimental work that began early in this century revealed that chemi- cal compounds of certain types possessed the prop- erty of inducing cancer in animals. Succeeding stud- ies of several thousand chemicals showed that about 10% were carcinogenic, although this proportion is not very informative, since many compounds were tested because they were believed likely to induce tumors. Among them were many pesticides and other agricultural chemicals, and several of them were carcinogens. Within the past 20 years carcinogenesis tests have become more precise and sophisticated, in- stead of hit-or -miss studies that were common be- fore that. They were designed to provide reasonable certainty that the test substance posed little or no risk of cancer when humans were exposed to it. Dr. Umberto Saffiotti and I helped design those tests. Because of the expense of the tests, the substances chosen for testing in these systems (using many ani- mals of two species at hero dose levels) were not ran- dom. They were substances already suspect because of prior experiments, or because they resembled known carcinogens in structure, and because they had some economic importance. Fewer than half of those tested were carcinogenic, many were active only in one species (usually rats or mice), and some only in one sex. However, by definition, any sub- stance that induced cancer in even one sex or one species was a carcinogen, and more likely to pose a cancer risk to humans than a substance that was not a carcinogen in those tests. Because of the well - documented differences between species in re- sponse to a particular carcinogen, it cannot be said with certainty that a substance that does not induce tumors in either rats or mice would not pose a carci- nogenic risk to humans; it is an assumption we must make in the absence of any alternative means of testing for carcinogenic activity. There have been many suggested short-term as- says for detecting potential carcinogenic activity, most of them based on the unverified assumption that induction of tumors takes place by a mutagenic mechanism. The most commonly used are assays that produce colonies of mutated bacteria, such as that introduced by B.N. Ames of the University of California, Berkeley, and they have been useful. 263 264 However, in recent arralyses of the results of testing in such assays compounds that had been examined in the long -term bioassays carried out by the Na- tional Cancer Institute and later by the National Toxi- cology Program, there was little more than 50% cor- relation between carcinogenicity and activity in the short term assays (Tennant et al. 1987; Zeiger 1987). Therefore, the abbreviated assays cannot be consid- ered predictive of carcinogenic activity, and the chronic and expensive animal bioassays are all we have. The causes of most human cancers are not known, but tobacco use is related to a considerable proportion, although we do not know which compo- nents of tobacco or tobacco smoke are responsible for tobacco related cancers. Diet has also been asso- ciated with certain patterns of cancer, but the ,data are imprecise and the carcinogens are unidentified. According to the epidemiologists Doll and Peto only about 4% of human cancer can be attributed to oc- cupational or industrial exposures to carcinogens, which leave a large gap to be occupied by "un- known causes:' Among these lie environmental car- cinogens, including agricultural chemicals, food ad- ditives, food constituents and possibly carcinogens formed within the body (endogenous carcinogens). There are certainly some cancers that have a direct genetic origin, perhaps defective genes, but these seem to be small in number. The slowly accumu- lated evidence of epidemiology shows that cancer incidence has more to do with where people live than with their genetic background, as shown in the figures of migrant populations. For example the common cancers of second generation Japanese people in Hawaii resemble those of other Americans rather than those of people in Japan. The cancer pat terns of black Americans resemble those of all Amer- icans and differ from those of people in West Africa. This evidence from very large populations (much larger than the groups of animals on which we do our experiments) shows that exposure to carcino- genic "agents is the main source of cancer in hu- mans. WHAT ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS TELL US 1. Well- conducted 2 -year bioassays of sub- stances in 2 species of rodents at high but nontoxic doses that give rise to statistically significant number of tumors compared with controls in at least one sex of one species identify them- as carcinogens. Substances that do not give this result are assumed to be non - carcinogens. 2. Exposure of humans to substances identified as carcinogens are assumed to pose a carci- nogenic risk to them. The magnitude of this risk cannot be calculated with present knowl- ATT. C HijlE.l, T M C 0.1 �. RACHEL CARSON COUNCIL edge and estimates may be off by several or- ders of magnitude. 3. It is not possible to conduct plausible experi- ments that enable us to establish a safe threshold for exposure of people to any car- cinogen revealed through experiments in ani- mals. Few dose - response studies over a large range of doses have been carried out and in those, mainly with nitrosamines, there have been significant tumor responses even at the lowest doses used, which were lower than those to which workers in some occupations were exposed (nitrosodimethylamine, Peto et al. 1984; nitrosomorpholine, Lijinsky et al. . 1988). 4. Comparing the carcinogenic effects of com- pounds in several species has indicated that there is no way to predict the potency in one species from that in another. However, a sub- stance carcinogenic in rats, for example, is more likely than not to be carcinogenic in mice, and vice versa (Haseman and Huff 1987). It is consistent with protection of the public health to assume that man is as sus- ceptible as the most sensitive species in which the substance has induced tumors. 5. There is no basis for assuming that the re- sponse of humans or animals to a carcinogen is related to the life span of the species. The little information relating to this subject that we have, for example the experiments of Schmahl in rats, chickens, cats, and snakes of very different life span, show that the time of appearance of the tumor is roughly related to the dose (Schmahl and Schorf 1984; Schmahl et al. 1978). Therefore, cancers usually appear late in the life of humans because they are exposed to low doses of carinogens over a long period, compared with our experimental animals. 6. Experiments in which animals are exposed to combinations of carcinogens show that the effects are usually additive, as is the case with increasing doses of a single carcinogen. In- creasing doses of a carcinogen (or several) de- creases the time of appearance of tumors and increases the incidence, and vice versa. Therefore the effects of low doses of a carcin- ogen, such as humans might experience, when repeated and combined with the ef- fects of other carcinogens, accumulate over time (60 years or more, in the case of people exposed as children), and increase the proba- bility that cancer will develop. 7. The long time that elapses between exposure to carcinogens and the appearance of tumors differentiates carcinogenesis from most other kinds of toxicity. Tumor cells implanted into CARCINOGENICITY TESTING receptive animals grow very rapidly into tu- mors in a few weeks, whereas induction of tumor by chemicals always takes months. The process of transforming normal cells into tu- mor cells must have many stages, none of which is understood. Even the commonly ac- cepted beginning of the process as a muta- tion (or several) in DNA of the nucleus is not a fact, since several substances that are not mutagens are quite effective carcinogens. In view of the small amount of information about the mechanisms by which chemicals give rise to cancer (and the uncertainty about the relevance of that information), it is unwise to permit officials or experts to calculate tolerable or "safe" exposures for humans to carcinogens. All of us are fallible even when armed with sound information. Reliable infor- mation about carcinogens is limited almost to whether or not the substance is one. . The argument that has been advanced, but is not accepted by most investigators in this field, that human exposure to "natural" carcinogens in plants used as food is much more important than exposure to industrially produced carcinogenic pesticides, is not tenable. Carcinogens occurring naturally in plants (for example, aflatoxins) may not be ignored, but it is well known that vegetarians have a consid- erably lower cancer risk than do omnivorous hu- mans. There is a danger in turning over custody of our health to those who profess more knowledge than they possess. My apprehensions about fellow scientists with such a mind -set are expressed in the following short letter which I recently submitted to the magazine Science in response to a much longer letter from Thomas Jukes, ridiculing our apprehen- sions about exposure to commercial agricultural chemicals that are carcinogens. Science would not publish my letter, but it speaks for itself. May 12, 1989 The Editor, Science: Thomas jukes (Letters, 5 May, p. 515) has a point, that the assessment of risk in exposure to Alar (daminozide) by the National Resources Defense Council is arguable. What is not arguable is that un- symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) formed from daminozide is a carcinogen, and daminozide is a commercial agricultural chemical leaving residues in apples. UDMH is weaker than the extremely po- tent dimethylnitrosamine in the species in which both were tested, but our limited knowledge of car- cinogenesis does not permit us to estimate their rel- ative potencies in humans. The Delaney Amend- ment requires that Alar be banned from human food because it has been shown by appropriate tests to cause cancer in man or animals. The exposure to Alar and UDMH might be small, but neither Dr. AT7ACHAIE11T 14 Cc,tt - 265 Jukes nor anyone else knows how to establish a threshold for exposure to carcinogens, the effects of which accumulate over time with results that we cannot measure or estimate. Of course, exposure to "natural" carcinogens is also important in the pro- cess, whether we can do anything about them (e.g., natural radiation) or not. However, both Dr. Jukes and the Ames' article he quotes introduce highly questionable animal testing data with natural sub- stances as "evidence" that commercial carcinogens can be ignored. For example, three tests of patulin have been published' and not one shows evidence of carcinogenicity, yet jukes calls it a suspected car- cinogen; there is no such doubt about Alar and UDMH. That Ames et al. rank one mushroom as equivalent in hazard to the aflatoxin in three peanut butter sandwiches does not make it so, when the hydrazine -in- mushroom test' is so dubious that it would be unacceptable as evidence of carcinogenic- ity if it were a synthetic chemical. REFERENCES Haseman, J.K., and I.E. Huff. 1987. Species correlation in long- term carcinogenicity studies. Cancer Letter 37:125 -132. Ujinsky, W., R.M. Kovatch, C.W. Riggs, and P.T. Walters. 1988. A dose - response carcinogenesis study of nitrosomorpholine in F344 rats. Cancer Res 48:2089 -2095. Peto, R., R. Gray, R Brantom, and R Grasso. 1984. Nitrosamine carcinogenesis in 5120 rodents: Chronic administration of 16 different concentrations of NDEA, NDMA, NPYR, and NPIP in the water of 4440 inbred rats, with parallel studies on NDEA alone of the effect of age of starting (3, 6, or 20 weeks) and of species (rats, mice or hamsters). In N- nitroso com- pounds: Occurrence, biological effects and relevance to hu- man cancer, eds, I.K. O'Neill, R.C. VonBorstel, C.T. Miller, I• Long, and H. Bartsch, /ARC Scientific Publications No. 57, 627 -665. Schmahl, D., M. Habs, and S. Ivankovic. 1978. Carcinogenesis of N- nitrosodiethylamine (DENA) in chickens and domestic cats. Int. J. Cancer 22:552- 557. Schmahl, D., and H.F. Scherf. 1984. Carcinogenic activity of N- nitrosodiethylamine in snakes, (Python reticulatus, Schneider). In N- nitroso compounds: Occurrence, biological effects and relevance to human cancer, eds. I.K. O'Neil, R.C. VonBorstel, C.T. Miller, J. Long, and H. Bartsch. IARC Scien- tific Publications No. 57, 667 -682. Tennant, R.W., B.H. Margolin, M.D. Shelby, E. Zeiger., 1• K. Hase. man, J. Spalding, W. Caspary, M. Resnick, S. Stasiewicz, B. Anderson, and R. Minor. 1987. Prediction of chemical carci- nogenicity from in vitro genetic toxicity assays. Science 236:933 - 941. Zeiger, E. 1987. Carcinogenicity of mutagens: Predictive capability of the Salmonella mutagenesis assay for rodent carcinoge- nicity. Cancer Res 47:1287 -12 %. 1B.N. Ames, R..Magaw, and L.S. Gold. Science 236, 271 (1987). 2U.S. Public Health Service Publication No. 149, Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested For Carcinogenic Activity, 1 %1 -1 %7 Volume, 1973 Volume, 1981 -1982 Volume. 3B. Toth and J. Erickson. Cancer Res. 46, 4007, 1986. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORMISPRING 1994 • VOL.14, NO.1 • HERBICIDE F A C T S H E E T / 11 By CutoLm Cox Each year in the United States, about 15 [trillion acres of com, 1.5 million aces of wheat,' and 3 trillion lawns' are treated with the herbicide dicamba. While its name is of- ten not commonly recognized, this wide rue, together with concems about its toxicology and its effects on our environment, make it important to scrutinize dicamba's hazards. Use Dicamba is a selective herbicide'-' and is used to kill broad - leaved plants growing in com, rights -of - -way, and lawns. Several differ- ent forms of dicamba are used as herbicidec;5 the dimethylamine salt and the sodium salt are the most common .6 (See Figure 1.) Dicamba was first registered in the United States in 1967.5 Common dicamba- containing herbicides are manufactured by Sandoz Crop Protection Corp. with trade names Banvel and Banvel GST,6 and by PBI /Gordon Corp! with the trade name Trimec. (Trims also contains the phenoxy herbicides 2,4-D and mecopropb-� About 5.6 million pounds of dicamba are used annually in U.S. agriculture and almost all of this, about 5 million pounds, is used on com.'" (See Figure 2 for state-by -state agri- cultural use.) In addition, the U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that U.S. households annually use about 3 million dicamba-containing products (in this case, product refers to a single container)' (See Figure 3.) In California, where pesticide use repotting is more complete than in most states, the most common uses of dicamba am in com, in wheat, in landscape maintenance, and on rights- of- way.10 (See Figure 4.) Mode of Action Dicamba is in the benzoic add herbicide ■ Caroline Cox is JPR's editor. Family, similar in structure and mode of ac- tion to phenoxy herbicides like 2,4-D. (See Figure 1.) Like phenoxy herbicides, dicamba mimics auxins, a type of plant hormone, and causes abnormal growth by affecting cell divi- sion3" Dicamba acts systemically in plants JA tj (throughout the entire plant) after it is ab- sorbed through leaves and roots. It is easily transported throughout the plant, and also accumulates in new leaves," Dicamba also inhibits an enzyme found in the nervous sytem of most animals, acecyl- chohnesterase." This is the enzyme that is Figure 1 Dicamba, Its Dimethylamine Salt, and 2,4D O o C-01-1 CH3 OCH2 1C -0H CI OCH C -0H•HN O 9 CI OCH33 OCI CI O cl CI DiCamba (2-methoxy- 3,6- ddtorobenzac acid) Dimethylemine salt of rficamba 2.4-0 Almost half of the dicamba used in U.S. agriculture is used in Minnesota and Iowa. NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344 -6044 )9 -fach, m)jY- ►v JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM /SPRING 1994 • VOL.14, NO.1 Figure 3 Household Uses of Dicamba roe (87,0 garden (80,000) other lawn Source: Whitmore, R.W., J.E. Kely, and P.L. Reading. 1992. National home and garden pesticide use surrey. Final report, Volume 1. Executive summary results, and recommendations. Research Triangle Parr NC: Research Triangle Institute. Over three- quarters of the dicamba used around U.S. homes is used on lawns. inhibited by several common families of in- seaiddes (organophosphates and carbamates). Inhibition of acerylcholinesterase causes a neu- rotransmitter, acetylcholine, to aocumulate and prevents smooth transmission of nerve im- pulses. In addition, dicamba inhibits the ac- tivity of several enzymes in animal livers that detoxify and excrete foreign chemicals." Acute Toxicity Dicamba's median lethal oral dose (L.D the amount that kills 50 percent of a pop tion of test animals) is 1707 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) in rats." Female rats are killed by a smaller dose than are male rats." If we assume humans are as susceptible to dicamba as are laboratory animals, an oral dose of about 3.5 ounces would be required to kill an average -sized (60 W human. Acute exposure to dicamba causes skin ir- ritation and some skin sensitindon in labora- tory tests, as well as severe eye irritation. The eye damage can be irreversible.s Dicamba also causes other acute effects. Congested lungs, hemorrhages, poor diges- tion, inflamed kidneys, and engorged livers ocaued in sheep fed doses of 500 Mp%.16 Acute effects can occur in exposed humans. Symptoms in worker poisonings reported to EPA included muscle camps, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, skin rashes, loss of Figure 4 Uses of Dicatrnba in California (pounds per year) barley (940 pounds) ornamental plants (1000 pounds) d4 oats (1204 pounds) uncultivated, nonagricultural areas (1433 pounds) structural pest control (180) pounds) rights-of-way (3670 pot other (1190 pounds) landscape maintenance (5980 pounds) oom (4670 pounds) wheat (4160 pounds) Source: Carilomia Department of Pesticide Regulation. Information Services Branch. 1993. Summary of pesticide use report data: Annual 1991. Indexed by chenucal. Sacramento, C0. (January 25.) In California, dicamba is used primarily for landscaping, in corn and wheat production, and along roads, railroads, and other rights -of -way. voice, and swollen glands." Neurotoxicity A study of cerdfiod pesticide applicators in Minnesota found that a group who applied only herbicides experienced a 20 percent in- hibition of the nervous system enzyme acetyl - cholinesterase (ACNE). Researchers were ret- rospecdvely able to document that the work- ers with reduced ACNE activity applied sig- nificant amounts of dicamba and that thry had not applied other chemicals in common. In addition, the researchers demonstrated ACNE inhibition in laboratory tests.12 Neu- rological effects of dicamba have also been noted in dogs and chickens." 39 Chronic Toxicity Fading dicamba to rats for 90 days caused decreases in weight and in the amount of food eoruumed. Inaeased dead cells and abnormal live cells were found in exposed rats' livers." Reproductive Effects Dicamba's effects on the reproduction of laboratory animals cause concern because of the low doses that cause problems. In rabbits, the most sensitive species tested, doses over 3 mg/kg per day increased the number of fe- tuses lost or resorbed by the mother." Exposure of mallard eggs to Banvel caused reduced, stunted growth in the mallard em- bryos as well as eye malformations." Concerns about reproductive effects are heightened by a manufacturing contaminant 2,7- dichlorodibenzo- p-dioxin. (See Figure 5.) In pregnant rats, this contaminant causes ab- normalities, suppression of tissue growth, and lesions in feral hearmn Mutagenicity A 1990 study showed that injections of dicamba significantly increased the "unwind- ing rate" (single strand breaks) of the genetic material (DNA, deoxyribonucleic add) in rat livers. The same study also looked at effects on human blood cell cultures and found that exposure to dicamba caused an increase in unscheduled DNA synthesis as well as a slight increase in sister chromatid exchanges (ex- change of genetic material between chromo- some pairs).73 Earlier studies had shown that dicamba caused mutations in two bacreria.24 Dicamba has also caused mutations in pollen mother cells of the plant Tmdmwda pah daa2s In addition, Gabonil, ( dicamba and MCPA), caused an increase in the frequettry of chro- mosome aberrations in barley 2m These results are consistent with a 197.' study which found that pesticide applicato. using dicamba and other pesticides had a NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344.5044 31 N JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM/ SPRING 1994 - VOL.14, NO.1 Figure 5 Contaminants, Metabolites, and "inert" ingredients Found In Dicamba- containing Products O C -OH CI O OH CI 3,6 did�brosalicylic add O CI CI O O 2,7, -dichlorodibenzo1>dio)dn CH3, N•N=0 CH3' dimethylnitrosamine CH2CH2 OH OH ethylene g" higher frequency of gaps and breaks in their chromosomes during spray season than dur- ing the winter when they were less exposed." Carcinogenicity A recent (1992) study of farmers by the National Cancer Institute found that expo- sure to dicamba approximately doubled the farmers' risk of contracting the cancer non - Hodgkids lymphoma two decades after expo - sure? Two potentially carcinogenic contaminants of dicamba increase concerns about cancer. The contaminant 27-dichlorodibenzo-p-di- oxin" is not as potent a carcinogen as its no- torious chemical cousin 2,3,7,8 -TCDD, but it has caused leukemia and lymphoma, liver cancer, and cancer of the circulatory sys= in a 1979 study of male mice conducted by the National Toxicology Program. (No sig- nificant increases in cancer were found in fe- male mice or rats of either sa.)30 Dicamba's dimethylamine salt can be contaminated with dimerhylnitrosamine, small amounts of which cause cancer in laboratory anirnals.31 auto al P ti Figure 6 Dicamba- contaminated Ground Water in the United States States in black are those in which dicambacordaminated groundwater has been reported. Sources: U.S. EPA Prevention, Pesticides and Tordc Substances. 1992 Pesticides in ground water database: A com�lation of monitoring SNdies: 1971 -1991. Nations) summary. Washington D.C. (September.) Idaho Division of Environmental Ouattly. 1992. Pesticide concentrations in ground water from laboratory analyses, as of March 1992. Unpublished raw data. Boise ID: Idaho Dept of Health and Welfare. U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Geological Survey. 1992. MuNple station analyses for pesticides b round water samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey b Washington, Unpublished raw data. Tacoma, WA Oregon Health Divlslom 1993. Nitrates and organic chemicals found In La Pine area drinking water wells, October 1993. Press release. Oregon Human Resources News. Portland, OR. (October 5. Domagalsld, J.L and N.M. Dubrovsky. 1992. PesUdde residues In ground water of the Joaquin Wiley, Calibntia. J. HydroL 130'299338. Dicamba- contaminated groundwater has been found in 17 states, including all of the Pacific Northwest states. Although dicamba has been registered for use in the U.S. for almost 30 years, only inadequate laboratory tests of dimmba's abil- ity to cause cancer have been submitted to EPA' The quality of some of the tests ap- pears to be seriously lacking. For example, one test was judged inadequate because " tu- mors were removed periodically." Human Exposure Humans are exposed to dicamba while they or their neighbors are using the herbicide in the yard or garden, while using it on the job, through drinking of contaminated water, and through eating contaminated food. The re- sult is that large numbers of Americans are contaminated with dicamba. An EPA- funded study found that 1.4 percent of the sample population had dicamba residues in their urine. While this is a small percentage, it means that 2.3 million Americans are con- taminated with dicamba.0 Household use: Americans make an esd- mated 6 million applications annually of dicamba- containing herbicides? Because these applications are made to heavily -used areas like lawns and gardens, the potential for ex- posure of household residents is high. Dicamba volatilizes (evaporates) easily" from plant surfaces, particularly when temperatures are over 85 °F. Under agricultural conditions, these vapors can drift up to 5 or 10 miles; thus there is potential for contamination fol- lowing a neighbors' use of the chemical.m . Occupational use: A study of two crews using tnlck- mounted and hand -held sprayers to apply dicamba found dicamba residues in air samples from the truck cab, on the driven and applicators' hands, and in urine samples. Dermal exposure (through the skin) was re- sponsible for more contamination than breathing of contaminated air, according to the researchers. Interestingly, the highest resi- dues were measured in urine from a driver, NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP 32 P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344 -5044 aj QLt) tru,"-pN - JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM /SPRING 1994 • VOL.14; NO.1 Figure 7 Increase in the Severity of a Plant Disease Caused by Dicamba Treatment 45 40 untreated 35 dicamba treatment .30 25 20 15 10 'l 5 y,§ 0 Vegetative growth of leaf spot disease Production of spores by the leaf spot fungus (area of fungus colony in square centimeters) (thousands of spores) Source: Hodges, C.F. 1992. Vegetative growth and sporulation of Bipolaris soroldniana on infected leaves of Poa prateasis exposed to postemergence herbicides. Can. J. Bot 70:568 -570. Leaf spot, a disease of bluegrass, grows faster and produces more spores following dicamba treatment of the grass. although sprayers did all of the mixing, load- ing, and hand - spraying. Residues were still detectable at the end of the study (72 hours after spraying) and the authors note that this means that dicamba levels in workers would rise if they were applying dicamba daily dur- ing a five -day work week." In addition, cho- linesterase inhibition following use of dicamba has been measured in pesticide applicators." Contaminated water. Dicamba is "rela- tively water- soluble" and "mobile in soils. "3' This means that it is likely to contaminate both ground and surface water. In a study that compared soil mobility of 40 pesticides, dicamba was one of three with the highest mobility;31 these results are consistent with another study of 26 pesticides, in which dicamba was more water soluble than all but three -38 In two studies, dicamba was adsorbed (held to soil particles) less than the other pes- tiddes tested, even though one was atraune, a pesticide that has caused problems because of its tendency to contaminate water? -19 Tests for dicamba contamination in water are consistent with these observations. Dicamba has been found in the drinking wa- ter supplies of Cincinnati, Ohio; New Or- leans, Louisiana; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Seattle, Washington.10 It has also been found in ponds, rivets, and lakes in the U.S. and Canada."-11 Certain studies have found dicamba contamination to be pervasive. For example, a study of the Padilla Bay, Wash- ington watershed found dicamba at all but one of the sampling smrions "A study of two Canadian watersheds found dicamba throughout the sampling period" and a study of a third Canadian watershed found dicamba residues in 95 percent of the snowmelc samples tested." (The following year, when herbicide use by local farmers was lower because of drought, no dicamba was found in the snow - melQ EPA's water quality database indicates about one -third of the surface water samples analyzed contained dicamba.19 In addition, dicamba has been found in the effluent from sewage treatment plants in Chattanooga, Tennessee and Lake Tahoe, CaliforruO Dicamba has also been found in ground- water in Msec, Czechoslovakia;'' Ontario" and Saskatchewan," Canada; and in 17 states in the U.S98•484' (See Figure 6.) Contaminated food: Dicamba residues have been found on sweet corn," tomatoes," and wheat (both the straw and the grain) S3 Effects on Wildlife Fish: Although dicamba is characterized as "sfighdy toxic" or "practically nontoxic" to fish,5 there are wide variations in its acute toxicity. For example, one study found that the concentration of dicamba required to kill half of a test population (called the LCO bluegill was 600 pacts per million (ppm). In the same study, researchers determined that if the herbicide was adsorbed onto vermicullite, it was 30 times more toxic.'' In another study, no effects on yearling coho salmon were observed at concentrations of dicamba up to 100 ppm. However, yearling coho were killed by much smaller doses (0.25 ppm) during a seawater challenge test which simulates their migration from rivers to the ocean ss In addition, acute toxicity varies widely among fish species. For example, rain- bow trout are killed by concentrations less than a tenth as great as those that kill mos- quito fish.'' The toxicity to fish of dicamba-contain- ing herbicides may be increased by the prod- ucts used with them. For example, in 1992, forty fish were killed in Douglas County, Oregon, by the adjuvant added to Weedmaster, an herbicide containing dicamba and 2,4 -D." Little is known about,efliects on fish other than acute toxicity. Other Aquatic Organisms: Dicamb toxicity to aquatic organisms smaller than fish shows sirddarides to its toxicity to fish. It is characterized as "practically nontoxic "S to aquatic invertebrates and, as an herbicide, it would not be exported to be acutely toxic to aquatic animals. However, tests show wide variations among species. For example, the cttsmceans seed shrimp, glass shrimp, and fid- dler crabs all are killed by concentrations over 100 ppm. However, other attsmceans (water fleas and amphipods) are killed by concentra- tions a tenth as much or less (3.9 -11 ppm) .54 Little is known about effects on aquatic in- vertebrates other than acute toxicity. Effects on Nontarget Plants Since dicamba can damage or kill most broad - leaved plans, any unintended acpos uc can have important consequences. These effects have been studied mostly in agriculture and little is known about impacts on native plants. Drift: Drift of dicamba occurs when it moves during or after application to a differ- ent site. The following effo= have all been documented as a result of dicamba drift normal leaf growth, floral development, yield in dry beans• -' reduced yield, reduced NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344 -5044 33 AHOCA JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM /SPRING 1994 • VOL.14, NO.1 quality, and increased skin ulcers in pota- toes;5' -S1 reduced yield, reduced sugar produc- tion, and increased sugar losses after harvest in sugar beets;1' and reduced plant height and yield in soybeans.60 Drift in amounts as low as,l gram per hectare (about 0.01 ounces per acre) can damage susceptible crops. This is less than a hundredth of the typical agricul- tural application rate (2 to 4 ounces per acre) 61 Widespread damage from drift has occiced when applications are made when tempera- tures are over 85 degrees? Plant diseases: Treatment of bluegrass (Poa praunrir) with dicamba under greenhouse con- ditions caused an increase in growth and sporulation of the fungus Bipola?ij so"niana, the cause of a leaf spot disease of bluegrass. (See Figure 7.) Field studies showed consistent results." Dicamba treatment also increases the incidence of another disease, take -all infection of winter wheat, in field experiments .0 Effects on germinating seedlings: Re- searchers studying red oak tree regeneration following clear- cutting of Pennsylvania for- ests documented that applications of dicamba reduced germination of oak seedlings 1+ The effects of dicamba on germination of seeds from other trees or from herbaceous plants do not appear to be well studied. Soil fertility: L- asparaginase is an enzyme found in soil microbes that is important in soil nutrient cycling and nitrogen mineraliza- tion. In Iowa agricultural soils applications of Banvel reduced L- asparaginase activity between 8 and 17 percent, depending on soil type. Researchers believe that this could "lead to a reduction in the amount of N [nitrogen] de- rived from soil organic material" and thus impact soil fertility 6s Dicamba is also toxic to two nitrifying bacteria" and two algae thought to "contribute significantly to the processes involved in soil fertility. "s' Persistence Dicamba's persistence increases its poten- tial for effects on humans, other animals, and plants. While its half -life (the time requited for one -half of a dicamba application to break down) typically is between one and six woeks,s it can persist much longer. In field studies, dicamba's persistence has been as long as 12 months (the duration of the study) in a Florida oak and pine forest68 and almost 13 months in Nova Scotia agricultural soils l The half -life of dicamba increases as temperances decrease; the half -life at 40OF is over 6 times the half life at 800F.70 Dicamba also persists longer in dry soils than in wet soils.'' Secret "Inert" Ingredients Most dicamba-containing herbicides con- tain ingredients that the pesticide manufac- turer calls trade secrets. These ingredients are called "inerts," although they are neither bio- logically or chemically inert. Almost all of the toxicology and environmental fate testing re- quired by EPA for the registration of dicamba is done with dicamba alone, not with the com- plete herbicide formulation (active ingredient + "inerts ") as it is sold and used. Trimec, for example, is almost 60 percent "inert" ingredients. Fallowmaster, containing a mixture of dicamba and glyphosate, is over 75 percent "inert" ingredients, and Banvel is almost 40 percent "inerts. *' The identity of most of these "inert" ingredients is not publicly available. Sev- eral, however, have been identified. Fallowmaster and Banvel CST contain eth- ylene glycol' (See Figure 5.) Acute expo- sure to ethylene glycol causes incoordina- tion, slurred speech, convulsions, rapid heart beat, cardiac arrhythmias, and degen- eration of kidney cells. Chronic effects in- clude some delayed nervous system dam- age, "external malformations" in fetuses of laboratory animals exposed to ethylene Or col, and a decrease in male fertility (also in laboratory ' animals) n Fallowmaster also contains .a trade secret surfactant classified as "hazardous" by the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration.' Contaminants Dicuriba is contaminated during its manu- Factice with 2,7- dichlorodibenzo-p- dioxin. In addition, dimethylamine salts of dicamba can also be contaminated with dimethylnitro- samine.29 For toxicological concerns about these contaminants, see "Reproductive Eft" and "Carcinogenicity," p. 31. Dicamba prod- ucts can also be contaminated with up to 20 percent of 3,5- diddoro- 2- methoxy benzoic add, an isomer of dicamba. This isomer is retained longer than dicamba in the bodies of laboratory animals.'s Summary Dicamba is a selective herbicide used to kill unwanted broadleaf plants in com and wheat, along rights-of-way, and in lawns. Its chemical structure and mode of action in plants in similar to that of the phenoxy herbi- cides. In humans, exposure to dicamba is associ- ated with the inhibition of the nervous sys- tem enzyme acecylcholinesterase and an in- creased frequency of a cancer, non - Hodgkin's lymphoma. In laboratory animals, exposure to dicamba has caused decreases in body weight, liver damage, an increased frequency of fetal loss, and severe, sometimes irreversible eye damage. Dicamba has caused genetic damage in human blood cells, bacteria, and barley. Dicamba can be contaminated with can- cer- causing nitrosamines and a dioxin which has been shown to cause birth defects and several cancers in laboratory animals. Dicamba is mobile in soil and has con- taminated rivers, ponds, and groundwater. In the U.S., dicamba- contaminated groundwa- ter has been found in 17 states. Dicamba volatilizes (evaporates) easily and has been known to drift for several miles fol- lowing applications at high temperatures. Dicamba can inhibit some of the organ- isms important in soil nutrient cycling and thus impair soil fertility. Its use has also been associated with an increase in the frequency of some plant diseases. f References 1. U.S. Department of Agriculture. National Agricul- tural Statistics Service. 1993. Agricultural chemi- cal usage: 1992 field crops summary. (March.) 2. Whitmore, R.W., J.E. Kelly, and P.L. Reading. 1992. National home and garden pesticide use survey: Final report, Volume 1. Executive sum-, mary. results, and recommendations. Research Triangle Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute. 3. Cremlyn, R.J. 1991. Agrocherrrfcals: Preparation and mode of action. Chichester, U.K.: John Wiley - and Sons. Pp. 225-226. 4. Corbett, J.R., K. Wright, and A.C. Ballle.1984. The biochemical mode of action of pesdc de.A 2nd edl- tlon. London, U.K.: Academic Press. p. 189. 5. U.S. EPA. Office of Pesticide Programs. 1983. Pesticide fact sheet: Dicamba. Washington, D.C. (Oct 17.) 6. MSDS reference for crop protection chemicals. 4th edition. 1992. New Yortc Chemical and Phar- maosudcal Press. 7. PBI/Gordon. 1965. Trimec Classic Herbicide la- bel. Kansas City, MO. S. U.S. Department of Agriculture. National Agricul- tural Statistics Service. 1992 Agricultural chemi- cal usage: 1991 huff and nuts summary. (June.) 9. U.S. Department of Agriculture. National Agdcul- turel Statistics Service. 1993. Agriadtural chemf- NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP 34 P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344 -5044 JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM /SPRING 1994 - VOL.14, NO.1 cal usage: Vegetables. 1992 summary. (June.) 10. California Department of Pesticide Regulation. In- formation Services Branch. 1993. Summary of pesticide use report data: Annual 1991. Indexed by chemical. Sacramento, CA. (January 25.) 11. Edson, E.F. and D.M. Sanderson. 1965. Toxicity of the herbicides, 2- methoxy- 3.6 -dichbrobenzoic acid (dicamba) and 2- methoxy- 3,5,6- trichlorobenzoic acid (tricamba). Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. 3299 -304. 12. Potter, W.T. at al. 1993. Radiometric assay of red cell and plasma cholinesterase in pesticide appliers from Minnesota. Toxicol. and Applied. Phann. 119:150 -155. 13. Moody, el al. 1991. The effect of structurally di- vergent herbicides on mouse liver xenobiotic- metabolizing enzymes (P- 450-dependent mono - oxygenases, epoxide hydrolases and glutathione S- transferases) and camitine acetyltmnsferase. Toxicol. Lett. 59:175 -185. 14. Farm Chemicals Handbook 92. 1992. Willoughby, OH: Farts Chemicals Handbook. 15. Gaines, T.B. and R.E. Linder. 1986. Acute toxic - fry of pesticides In adult and weanling rats. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 7:299 -308. 16. Palmer, J.S. and R.D. Radeleff. 1964. The toxi- cological effects of certain fungicides and herbi- cides on sheep and cattle. Ann. N.Y. Aced. Scl. 111:729 -736. .7. U.S. EPA. Office of Pesticides and Toxic Sub- stances. 1984. Summary of results of studies submitted in support of the registration of dicamba. Washington, D.C. (Sept. 29.) 18. California Dept of Food and Agriculture. Medical Toxicology Branch. 1990. Summary of toxicology data: Dicamba. Sacramento, CA. (Sept. 17.) 19. Beasley, V.R. 1991.2,4 -D toxicosis 1: A pilot study of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid- and dicamba- induced myotonfa in experimental dogs. Vet Hum. Toxlool. 33(5):435 -440. 20. U.S. EPA. Office of Drinking Water. 1988. Dicamba health advisory. Washington, D.C. (Aug.) 21. Hoffman, D.J. and P.H. Albers. 1984. Evaluation of potential embryotoxicily and teratogenicity of 42 herbicides, Insecticides, and petroleum con- taminants to mallard eggs. Anah. Environ Confirm. Toxicol. 13:15 -27. 22. Khera, K.S. and Ruddick, J.A. 1973. Polychlorodibenzo- p-dioxins: Pedr atal effects and the dominant lethal test in Wistar rats. In Blair, E.H. (ad.) Chlorodioxins - Origin and fate. Adv. Chem. Ser. 120:70 -84. 23. Perocco, P. at al. 1990. Evaluation of the genotoxic effects of the herbicide dicamba using in vivo and In vitro test systems. Envimn. Mol. Mutag. 15:131 -135. 24. Plewa, M.J. at al. 1984. An evaluation of the genotoxic properties of herbicides following plant and animal activation. Mut. Res. 136:233 -245. 25. Ma, T.-H. 1984. Tradescantia- mlcronudeus (Tmd- MCN) tests on 140 health - related agents. Mut. Res. 138:157 -167. 26. Pusztal, T. 1986. Herbicide Induced ear morphoses in barley In relation to chromosome aberrations. Acts Bot Hung. 32:183 -188. 27. Yoder, J., M. Watson, and W.W. Benson. 1973. Lymphocyte chromosome analysis of agricultural workers during extensive occupational exposure to pesticides. Mut. Res. 21:335.940. 28. Cantor, K.P. 1992. Pesticides and other agricul- tural risk factors for non - Hodgkin's lymphoma among men In Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res. 522447 -2455. 29. U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs. 1983. Guidance for the reregistration of pesticide prod- ucts containing dicamba as the active ingmdienL Washington, D.C. (Sept. 30.) 30. Huff, J. at al. 1991. Chemicals associated with site - specific neoplasia in 1394 long -term carclnogenesis experiments In laboratory rodents. Envimn. Health Perspec. 93:247 -270. 31. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemis- try. 1980. Nitrosamines and pesticides: A special report on the occurrence of nitrosamines as ter- minal residues resulting from agricultural use of certain pesticides. Pure Appl. Chem. 52.499 -526. 32. Kutz. F.W. at al. 1992. Detected pesticide resi- dues and metabolites In urine from a survey of the U.S. general population. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 37277.291. 33. Baur, J.R., R.W. Bovey, and H.G. McCall. 1973. Thermal and ultraviolet loss of herbicides. Arch. Envfron. Confirm. Toxicol. 1(4):289 -302. 34. Westm, P. and H.F. Schwartz 1989. Potential herbicide volatility and drift problems on dry beans. Service in Action No. 2.803. Colorado State Unty. Cooperative Extension. 35. Draper, W.N. and J.C. Street. 1982. Applicator exposure to 2,4 -D, dicamba, and a dicamba iso- mer. J. Environ. Scl. Health B17(4):321 -339. 36. Reinert, K.H. and J.H. Rodgers. 1987. Fate and persistence of aquatic herbicides. Rev. Environ. Contain. Toxiool. 98:61 -98. 37. Hailing, C.S. 1971. Pesticide mobility In soils II: Applications of thin -layer chromatography. Soil Sd. Soc. Amer. Proc. 35:737 -743. 38. Domagalski, J.L. and N.M. Dubrovsky. 1992. Pesticide residues in ground water of the San Joaquin Valley, California. J. Hydrol. 130299-338. 39. Johnson, R.M. and J.T. Sims. 1993. Influence of surface and subsoil properties on herbicide sorp- tion by Atlantic coastal plain soils. Soil Scl. 155(5):339 -348. 40. Howard, P.H. 1991. Handbook of environmental late and exposure data for organic chemicals. Volume III. Pesticides. Chelsea, MA: Lewis Pub- lishers, Inc. 41. Frank, at al. 1990. Contamination of rural ponds with pesticide, 1971 -1985, Ontario, Canada. Bull. Environ. Contain. Toxlool. 44:401 -409. 42. Frank, R., L Logan, and B.. Clegg. 1991. Pesti- cide and polychlorinated biphenyl residues In waters at the mouth of the Grand, Saugeen, and Thames Rivers, Ontario, Canada, 1986 -1990. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxiooll, 21:585.595. 43. Mayer, J.R. and N.R. Elkins. 1990. Potential for agricultural pesticide runoff to a Puget Sound es- tuary: Padilla Bay, Washington. Bull. Envlron. Contam. Toxicol. 45215.222. 44. Muir, D.C.G. and N.P. Grill. 1987. Herbicide lev- els in rivers draining two prairie agricultural we- lersheds (1984). J. Environ. Scl. Health 822(3):259.284. 45. Waite, O.T. at al. 1992. Pesticides in ground wa- ter, surface water and spring runoff In a small Saskatchewan watershed. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11:741 -748. 46. Miroslav, O. and V. Gottwaldova.1981. Contami- nation of groundwater by Bandex herbicide. Vodrd Hospod. B 31(3):64 -68. (Abstract) 47. Frank, R. at al. 1987. Investigations of pesticide contaminations in rural wells, 1979 -1984, Ontario, Canada. Arch. Environ. Contam. Tox/col. 16:9- 22. 48. U.S. EPA Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Sub- stances. 1992. Pesticides In ground water data- base: A compilation of monitoring studies: 1971- 1991. National summary. Washington, D.C. (Sept.). 49. Idaho Division of Environmental Quality. 1992. Pesticide concentrations In ground water from laboratory analyses, as of March 1992. Unpub- lished. Boise ID: klatw Dept of Haft and Welfare. 50. U.S. Dept. of the Interior. Geological Survey. 1992. Multiple station analyses for pesticides In ground water samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey In Washington. Unpublished. Tacoma, WA. 51. Oregon Health Division. 1993. Nitrates and or- ganic chemicals found In La Pine area drinking water wells, October 1993. Press release. Port- land, OR. (Oct. 5.) 52. Frank, R., H.E. Braun, and B.D. Ripley. 1987. Residues of insecticides, fungicides, and herbi- cides on Ontario -grown vegetables. 1980 -1985. J. Assoc. OH. Anal. Chem. 70(6):1081 -1086. 53. Cessna, A.J., and J.H. Hunter. 1993. Residues of 2,4 -D and dicamba in wheat following postemergenee field application as a lank mix- ture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 73:345 -349. 54. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Forest Service. 1984. Pesticide background statements. Agriculture Handbook No. 633. (August) 55. Lorz, H.W. at al. 1979. Effects of selected herbi- cides on smolting of coho salmon. Corvallis, OR: U.S. EPA. Envronmental Research Laboratory. Office of Research and Development (June.) 56. Oregon Dept. of Agriculture, at al. 1993. Oregon Pesticide Analytical and Response Center annual report for 1991 -2. Salem, OR. p. 28. 57. Haderiie, L.C., P.W. Lelno, and S.W: Gawronski. 1983. Postemergence herbicide drift on potatoes. Pros West. Soc. Weed Sd. 36:190 -192. 58. Leino, P.W. and L.C. Hadedle. 1985. Simulated herbicide drift Injury in potatoes. Proc. West Soc. of Weed Sd. 38:93 -99. 59. Schroeder, G.L. D.F. Cole, and A.G. Dexter. 1983. Sugarbeet (Bela vulgads L) response to simulated herbicide spray drift. Weed Sol. 31:831-036. 60. Weldenhamer, J.D., G.B. Triplett, Jr., and F.E. Sobotka. 1989. Dicamba injury to soybeans. Arown. J. 81:637-M. 61. William, R.D., R. Parker, and D.G. Swan. 1986. Padfic Northwest weed control handbook. Ex- tension Services of Oregon State Univ., Wash- ington State Univ., and the Univ, of Idaho. 62. Hodges, C.F. 1992. Vegetative growth and spoulation of Bipolads soroklnlana on Infected leaves of Poe pratensls exposed to postemergence herbicides. Can J. Bat. 70:568.570. 63. Tottman, D.R. and W. Thompson. 1978. The in- fluence of herbicides on the Incidence of take -all disease (Gaeumannomyces gromiros) on the roots of winter wheat Pruc. Br. Crop Prot Cont. -Weeds 14(2):609 -615. 64. Shipman, R.D. and T.J. Pntnty. 1988. Effects of herbicide residues on germination and early sur- vival of red oak acorns. Proc. Ann. Mig. North- eastern Weed Sci. Soc. 42:86.91. 65. Frankenberger, W.T. and M.A. Tabatai. 1991. Factors affecting L- asparaginase activity In soils. Blot. Fertil. Soils 11:1 -5. 66. Ratnayake, M. and L.J. Audud. 1978. Studies on the effects of herbicides on soil nitrification. 11. Pesda Biochem. PhyWDI. 8(2):170 -185. (Abstract) 67. Cullimore, D.R. 1975. The In vitro sees" of some species on Chlorophyceas to a selected range of herbicides. Weed Res. 15 :401406. 68. Newry, D.G. at al. 1988. Persistence of nine for- est pesticides In the surface horizon of a typlc quartzipsamment soil of the Ocala National For- est Soil and Crop Sd. Fla. Proa 47:127 -134. 69. Stewart, D.KR. and S.O. Gaul. 1977. Persistence of 2,4 -D, 2,4,5 -T and dicamba In a dykeland soil. Bun. Environ Cont. Toxicol, 18(2):210-218. 70. Comfort, S.D., W.P. Inskeep, and R.E. Mawr. 1992. Degradation and transport of dicamba In a day boll. J. Envilmn. Qual. 21:6534358. 71. Walker, S.R. at al. 1992. The responses of sor- ghum and sunflowers to 2,4 -D and dicamba resi- dues In day soils In central Queensland. Aust J. Exp. Agft 32:183 -187. 72. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1993. Technical report for eth- yfene g"cYpropylener glycol. (May.) 73. Makary, M.H., J.C. Street, and R.P. Sharma. 1986. Pharmacokinetics of dicamba Isomers ap- plled dernally to rats. Pest Blocher. Physlol. 25258 -263. NORTHWEST COALITION FOR ALTERNATIVES TO PESTICIDES/NCAP P.O. BOX 1393, EUGENE, OREGON 97440 / (503)344 -6044 35 4 0 HaC,)/YUsnP O When Ignorance Is Not Bliss: Secret "Inert" Pesticide Ingredients By Caroline Cox One of the cornerstones of a de- mocracy is that information is made available to citizens so that they can participate in decision - making pro- cesses as knowledgeable partners. Where information is not available or is kept secret, a democracy cannot function as it Is intended. This be- comes strikingly clear in a discussion of secret "inert" pesticide ingredients. As an illustration, consider the follow- ing story:' It's spring, 1992, In Hinsdale, Illinois. Hinsdale is the home of Doug Fleming, age 14, acutely. sensitive to a variety of chemicals, and Diana Fleming, his mother, trying to keep her son healthy. It's also home to gypsy moth caterpil- lars and a proposal for a Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t) eradication program. Hinsdale officials planned to spray the village from helicopters as part of a statewide gypsy moth control pro- gram. Clearly, there are many issues that one might want to consider in a careful evaluation of the health and environmental Impacts of such a pro- gram: What other caterpillars will be killed by the 13.02 What is the poten- tial for infections in humans?3 However, neither of these became the most important problems for Diana and Doug Fleming. Instead, they fo- cused on the secret "inert" Ingredients. (See "Some Important Definitions," right) Abbott Laboratories, manufac- turer of the Dipel 8AF formulation proposed for use, had announced that it would reveal "Inerts" to physicians. Fleming made arrangements for a conference call among a toxicologist, Doug's physician, and Abbott Labs. Unfortunately, the call was unsuc- cessful because Abbott didn't have any records indicating Hinsdale has pur- chased B.t. products. Fleming was eventually able to solve the problem and arrange for another conference call, but the beginning of the spray program was now imminent. Caroline Cox is JPR's editor. Doug's doctor decided that one of the "inerts," sodium sulfite, may pose problems for Doug. Sulfites are com- monly used as food preservatives, but some people have allergic reactions to breathing sulfur dioxide, a gas given off by sulfites. Documented deaths have occurred in customers of res- taurants where sulfites were in use.0 Tests showed that Doug, In fact, does have a strong reaction. The family had to leave town almost immediately. . This story is an illustration of the essential problem with "Inert" ingredi- ents of pesticides. They're secret and therefore unpredictable in their effects. However, the problem doesn't stop there, as the Flemings' story also illus- trates. As "Inerts" are identified and studied, problems continue to surface. This article discusses some of these problems and their significance for pesticide reform. I Don't Know, You Don't Knora Who Does? Because the identity of "inerts" Is not made public, all of us who use Some Important Definitions "Inert" when applied to pesticide Ingredients does not mean biologically, chemically, or toxicologically Inert. Under the Federal Insecticide, Fun- gicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), the national pesticide law, "Inert" Ingredients are defined simply by excluding "active" substances" Active Ingredient. An ingredient which will prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate any pest. Under FIFRA, three other categories of biologically active chemicals are included in the definition of an active ingredient 1) plant regulators which change the growth rate, the maturation rate, or other behaviors of crop or orna- mental plants; 2) defoliants which cause foliage to drop from a plant; and 3) desiccants which artificially accelerate drying of plant tissue.1 pesticides, eat food that has been treated with pesticides, drink water containing pesticide residues, and live, work, play, or study where pesticides have been used, are exposed to un- known chemicals. How can we find out If we are being exposed to toxic com- pounds? Who can identify these chemicals? Pesticide manufacturers, we assume, know what Is in the prod- ucts they make and the products of their competitors. This assumption turns out not to be completely true. For example, Monsanto Agricultural Company in 1991 provided NCAP with a list of the ingredients in their herbi- cide Roundup. The fourth ingredient on the list is "related organic acids of glyphosate," but Is not identified with any more accuracy.6 Monsanto Is not able to, or does not wish to, specifi- cally Identify this portion of the product's "Inerts." The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), we assume, should — know the Ingredients in pesticide for- mulations. This assumption also turns out not to be true. EPA's Office of the "Inert" Ingredient. Any pesticide Ingredient other than an active in- gredient.Z Almost all pesticide for- mulations contain some "Inert" In- gredients. They are used as solvents, surfactants, diluents, carriers, cata- lysts, synergists, intensifiers, and more than 30 other uses s (See Fig- ure 1) "Inerts" must be intentionally added (not a contaminant), accord- ing to EPA, and do not include adju- vants added by the pesticide user. Secret Ingredient. Any pesticide Ingredient not disclosed on the pes- ticide label. Full Formulation. The combina- tion of active and "inert" Ingredients In a pesticide as it Is commercially sold. Many formulations are mostly "Inert" rather than active ingredients. (See Figure 2) 1. FIFRA Section 2(a). 2. FIFRA Section 2(m). 3. 40 CFR 180.1001. JOURNAL OF PEMCME REFORM /FALL 1992 / VOL.12, NO. S 1 dyes 2% attractants 2% thickeners 2% preservatives 2% buffers 2% coating agents 39'e� carriers 12% stabilizers 49. Note: This is based "Inert- Component otAgdeultuta/ and Household Pest/c/de Products chart on the "inert" Agricultural Formulations of the Five Most Sample Household Pesticide Formulations2 uses of about 600 '` <. <:"`'-• Ufa „ \;':��. ingredients, not a complete list. 0 PI emulsifiers 5.12% > #•`.`:�':`�� "``� °• diluents 12% ` Talon II �•, Source: 40 Code of Federal solvents 11 Ye Regulations 180.1001 Figure 2 "Inert- Component otAgdeultuta/ and Household Pest/c/de Products Agricultural Formulations of the Five Most Sample Household Pesticide Formulations2 Commonly Used Pesticides In the U.S' Wasp and Hornet Attack Talon II Spectradde Wasp and Hornet Killer Dual 25G Spectraclde Indoor Fogger Dual BE Spectracide Home Insect Control Dad -weed SuN -amine Spectracde Garden, Rose & Curtall Household Plant Spray Bald House and Garden Bug Idller Fonnula40 Raid Fumigator Aqua -kleen Weedone LV6 Raid Fogger II Weedone LV4 Raid Flying Insect Killer Weedone 638 Raid Ant & Roach Killer Weedone 170 Ortho Hornet and Wasp Killer Partner WDG Ortho HI -Power Ant, Roach & Spider Killer Lasso Mlcm -tech WDG Ortho Flea -B-Gon Lasso Micro-tech No -Roach Lasso II Mite Killer Lasso Insecticidal Soap for Indoor Plants Cropstar Hyponex Bug Spray Atratol Flea 1011 Fogger Aatex 80W Crawling Insect Attack Aatrex 4L Aphid and Mite Attack Aatrex Nine -0 Mt, Roach, and Spider Killer 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent "Inert” Ingredients Percent "Inert" Ingredients Sources: 1. MSDS reference for crop protection chemicals. Fourth edition. 1992. New York, NY: Chemical and Pharmaceutical Press. 2. Abrams, R. 1991. The secret hazards of pesticides. New York, NY: New York State Department of law. 2 JOURNAL OF PES17 ®E REFORM / FALL 1992 / VOL. 12, NO. s I r Inspector General (OIG) reported in 1991 that EPA's pesticide data base, PPIS, contained about 600 entries in which the "inerts" were identified only as "chemical name not available." In addition, the OIG audited 'a random sample of 50 pesticide products in the data base and discovered that almost half contained errors in the Identifica- tion and coding of "lnerts. "7 In fact, EPA's Inability to identify "inerts" leads to situations that could be called absurd. In 1990, EPA re- sponded to a Freedom of Information Act request filed by North Carolina resident Elizabeth Iglesias. Among other questions, she asked if hazard- ous wastes could be "recycled" into pesticides, as active ingredients, "in- ert" ingredients, or otherwise. EPA re- sponded, "Hazardous waste is legally allowed by EPA to be recycled Into pesticides," then went on to say that it had not been passible to determine if any pesticide product currently reg- istered contained such materials .8 Aren't Most " Inerts" As Nontaxic as Water? While their name suggests other- wise, "inert" pesticide Ingredients vary widely in their acute and chronic tox icity. Some, like water, honey, wheat, carrots, and sawdust are relatively nontoxic to most people, other ani- mals, and plants. Others, such as methylene chloride, methyl bromide, and naphthalene, are or were active ingredients in pesticides and are clearly acutely toxic to living things 9.10 EPA has evaluated the toxicity data It has available for " inerts" and has con- cluded that it does not have adequate information to evaluate the toxicity of most "Inerts." (See Figure 3) About 75 percent of the "Inerts" identified In the OIG audit are of "unknown toxicity. "7 A large number of " inerts," however, belong to classes of chemicals that have been linked to serious health or environmental impacts. A review of some of the problems associated with these classes of chemicals is an inter- esting introduction to the possible hazards of "Inerts" For example, con- sider the hazards.that have linked to surface active agents, organic solvents, and propellants: Surface-active agents: Surface -ac- tive agents reduce the surface tension of water." Detergents, surfactants, emulsifiers, and foam suppressants are all surface - active agents used as "Inerts ."12 They form a bridge be- tween two chemicals that don't mix readily: oil and water or water and a waxy leaf surface, for example.13 Surface,active agents are often toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. This was unfortunately well Illustrated when the oil tanker Torrey Canyon accidentally spilled crude oil along European shores. Cleanup crews used about 10,000 tons of detergents to disperse the oil, resulting in massive kills of marine organisms. The entire animal population of the beaches was destroyed, with the exception of a handful of species.14 Gilled animals are particularly susceptible.is Lungs, as well as the digestive sys- tem, appear to be damaged in humans poisoned by surfactant -containing pesticide products.16,17 Figure 3 EPA's Classification of the Toxlclty of Inett Ingmd/ents Generaly recognized as safe � \tip:.. +� Toxic Potentially' ` toxic Unknown toxicity Source: U.S. EPA. office of the Inspector General. 1991. Report of audit: Inert ingredients in pesticides. Washington, D.C. (September 27.) Plants may also be damaged by surface - active agents. For example, an emulsified formulation of the fungicide triforine Is toxic to blueberry pollen. A study showed that virtually all of the toxicity could be accounted for by one of the " Inerts" rather than any phytotoxicity of the active ingredient.18 Organic Solvents: Exposure to or- ganic solvents is associated with a variety of toxicological problems, in- cluding an increase in the frequency of miscarriages if either parent is ex posed,19.z0 neurobehavioral abnor- malitfes,21 and liver cancer in womem22 Almost 10 million workers in the US. (only a fraction of these work at pesticide - related jobs) are oc- cupationally exposed to solvents. Household exposures also occur. The behavioral and neurological problems (headaches, euphoria, confusion, diz fimach u� .J)& C ziness, numbness, muscle weakness, emotional disorders, and sleep distur- bances) are probably common to most solvents. "All solvents are soluble in fat and will at some level of exposure produce effects on the central nervous system," concluded Congress' Office of Technology Assessment.23 Specific classes of organic solvents are particularly problematic. Glycol ethers, for example, cause anemia; Intoxication; irritation of the eyes, nose, and skin; birth defects; and damage to sperm and testes 24 In 1984, a glycol ether -containing formulation of the insecticide Safrotin (the active Ingredient is an organophosphate, propetamphos) was associated with Illness in a bus driver who was ex- posed to the insecticide when she en- tered her bus the morning after a routine Insecticide treatment.25 Xylenes are another class of prob- lematic solvents. They cause skin, eye, nose and throat irritation; impaired memory, liver and kidney damage; in- coordination; dizziness; hearing loss; and fetal death and decreased fetal weight gain during pregnancy.26 Risk of exposure is high because they are used In almost 2,000 pesticide product07 Organic solvents in association with pesticide active Ingredients have also been detected in groundwater 28 adding to concerns about widespread exposure. Propellants: The chemicals used to propel aerosol pesticide products from their containers (in foggers, for ex- ample) are a sobering illustration of the problems with " inerts." About 233 million aerosol pesticide containers are manufactured each year in the US.29 Many of these products contain hydrocarbons, like butane and pro- pane, as propellants. These chemicals are highly flammable. When such a pesticide product is used to "fog" a room, often unventilated, the vapors can easily Ignite. In fact, one fire marshal has reported that arsonists were collecting insurance money by setting loggers in a room, then allowing a pilot light to set the building on fire. The arsonists could not be prosecuted or dented the insurance money be- cause the foggers were being used in accordance with the label (which does not require extinguishing pilot lights).30 As alternatives to flammable hy- drocarbon propellants, some pesticide products use chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), notorious for their ability to destroy stratospheric ozone. At least JOURNAL OF PE5naDE REFORM / FAM 1992 / VOL IZ NO. S 2 half a dozen CFCs are used as "Inert" propellants10 In 170 pesticide prod- ucts 31 Depletion. of stratospheric ozone has been linked to a number of crucial global health and environmen- tal problems including an increase in the frequency of skin cancer, an in- crease in the frequency of cataract blindness, decreased efficiency of hu- man Immune systems, a decrease in world food production, and extinction of some species 32 Synergy One of the most frightening poten- tial problems with pesticide "inert" In- gredients is the potential for synergism among several "Inerts" or among "Inerts" and active ingredients. Given the large number of possible combi- nations of 'chemicals and the small amount of testing required for " inerts," information on this subject Is sketchy. It does, however, clearly illustrate the pressing need for more studies. For example, researchers studying the movement of Esteron 99 (an her- bicide with the isooctyl ester of 2,44) as active Ingredient) through protec- tive gloves discovered that the "inerts" In the formulation reduced the pro- tection offered by the gloves 33 The "Inerts" appeared to permeate the glove material first, and then helped bring the 2,44) ester across. Similar synergistic effects have been documented for both acute and chronic toxicity. The synthetic pyre - throid Insecticide Pydrin 2.4 EC is more acutely toxic to mice than Is its active ingredient fenvalerate, for ex ample,34 and the carbamate herbicide Fargo Is twice as acutely toxic to midge larvae as Its active ingredient triallate.35 The carcinogenicity of the fumigant Telone II in laboratory ani- mals Is due to both its "inert" stabi- lizer, epichlorohydrin, and its active ingredient, 1,3- dichloropropene.36 With so much of the toxicology of "Inerts" unknown and the enormous number of pesticide formulations, it seems nearly inevitable that some dangerous combinations of ingredients will occur. Taking Action Synthetic pesticides have caused a wide range of health and environmen- tal problems in the half -century that they have widely used: persistence and biomagnification, resistance, human toxicity, and groundwater contamina- tion to name just a few. Expanding the definition of pesticides to include their secret "inert" Ingredients expands the number and scope of these problems. It Is a crucial step if we are to fully account for the damage that pesticides can cause. The Issue of "Inerts" also provides a link between pesticide reform and some basic concepts that are funda- mental to democracy as most Amerl- cans envisage it. Because citizens de- serve to know about their exposures to toxic chemicals at work and at home, and deserve the right to give their informed consent to such expo- sures, secret "inert" ingredients are unacceptable. By taking this message to neighbors, elected officials, resource managers, and pesticide users, we are using the the "Inerts" Issue as yet an- other tool to reduce pesticide use and promote sustainable alternatives. ■ References 1. Fleming, Diana. 1992 Personal communi- cation. June 29. 2 Menander, K.B., Medical Director, Abbott Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Products Division. letter. January 19,1987. 3. Miller, J.C. 1990. Field assessment of the effects of a microbial pest control agent on nontarget L.epidoptera. American Ento. mologist (Summer):135 -139. 4. Jaret, P. 1991. A sulfite bouquet with a ure- thane finish. In Health (January/Febru- ary):20,22-23. S. Center for Science in the Public Interest. 1990. No more Na2S03 on fresh spuds Nutrition Action Nethislefter (July /August)3 6. Monsanto Agricultural Company. Undated. Monsanto backgrounder. Roundup herbi- cide Ingredients. St Louis, MO. 7. US EPA Office of the Inspector General 1991. Report of audit Inert Ingredients in pesticides Washington, QC (5epternber 27.) 8. Yanchults, M., U.S. EPA Office of Pesticide Programs. Public Response Section. 1990. Letter to J. M. Clarke. US. House of Rep- resentatives (DNC). (December 11) 9. U.S. EPA Prevention. Pesticide, and Toxic Substances. 1992 Status of pesticides in reregishution and special review. Washing- ton, D.C. (March) 10. U.S. EPA. 1992 List of pesticide product Inert ingredients. Washington, D.C. Qanu- ary 15.) 11. Eesa, N.M. and LK. Cutkomp.1984. A glos- sary of pesticide toxicology and related terms. Fresno, CA Thomson Publications. 12 Farm Chemicals Handbook. 1991. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co. 13. Witt, J.M. (ed)19K Chemistry, biochemift and toxicology of pesticides. Corvallis. OR Oregon State Unix Extension Service 14. Ramade, F. 1987. Eboftxtolag: Chichester, UJC: John Wiley & Sans. Pp. 193 -197. 15. Rankin. J.C.. P.M. Stagg, and L Bolls. 1982 Effects of pollutants on gills. hi Houlihan, D.F.. J.C. Rankin, and TJ. Shuttleworth (eds.). C a, Cambridge; UJ(: Cambridge University Press. 16. Talbot. A.R. et al. 1991. Acute poisoning with a glyphosat"urfactant herbicide ('Roundup): A review of 93 cases. Human ' E%V. Toricol. 10:1 -& 17. Sawada, Y.Y. et al. 1988. Probable tmddty r surface.active agent in commercial herbid( aontatning glyphosate. lancet 1(8594299. I& Bristow, P.R. 1987. Effects of selected fun - giddes, Insecticides, and adjuvants on In vitro germination of highbush blueberry pollen. Plant Disease 71:326328. 19. Taskinen, H. 1989. Spontaneous abortions and congenital malformations among the wives of men occupationally exposed to organic solvents. Scand J. Work Enuiroa Health 15:345352 20. Winham, G.C. 1991. Exposure to organic solvents and adverse pregnancy outcome. Amer. J. ind. Med 20:241 -259. 21. Bleecker, M.M. et al. 1991. Dose related subclinical neurobehavioral effects of chronic exposure to low levels of organic solvents. Am. J. Ind Med. 19:715 -728. 22 Hernberg, S. et al. 1988. Increased risk for primary liver cancer among women ex- posed to solvents. Scand J. Work Environ. Health 14:356.365. 23. Congress of the United States. Office of Technology Assessment. Neurotoxicity. Identifying and controlling poisons of the nervous system. Washington. D.C. 24. California Department of Health Services and Department of Industrial Relations. Hazard Evaluation System and Information Services. 1987. Glycol ethers. Fact sheet M8. Berkeley. CA. (March) 25. Jackson, R. California Department of Health Services. 1986. Letter to Lawrie Mott. Natu- ral Resources Defense Council. June 17. 26. U.S. Department of Health and Human S4 vices. Agency for Toxic Substances at. Disease Registry. 1990. Toxicological pro- file for total xylenes Washington. D.C. 27. Abrams, R 1991. The secret hazards of pesticides. New York, NY: New York State Department of law. 28. Iowa Dept. of Natural resources. 1988. 'Inerts.- (December 20.) 29. US. EPA 1992Pestldde containers - A report to Congress. Washington. D.C. (March} 30. National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pes- ticides. 1990. Bug bombs fall to light EPA's fires. Pesticides and You (Odober):iG 31. Food Chemical News, Inc. 1992 Pesticide registrants alerted on CFCs, methyl bro- mide. Pesticide and Toxic Chemical Neaps (April 22):17 -18. 32 United Nations Environment Programme 1991. Synthesis report. Prepared for the Par- ties to the Montreal Protocol (November.) 33. HarvWe, J. and S.S. Que Hee. 1989. Perme- ation of a 2,4-0 isooctyl ester formulation through neoprene, nitrfle. and tyvek Pro- tection materials. Am. Ind Hy& Assoc J. SO(B)AW446. 34. Williamson. E.G. 1989. A comparative analysts of the acute toxicity of technical - grade pyrethroid Insecticides and their commercial formulations. Ecotoxlcol. Environ. Safely 18:2734. 35. Buhl, K.J. and N.L Faerber.1989. Acute to ic- Ity of selected hedAddes and surfactants to larvae.of the midge, Chbonomw roarius.Ar h Enubon. Contain ThacoL 1&530536. 36. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services National Toxicolgy Program. 1985. Taxi- cokhgy and carcinogenesis studies of Telone H in F334/N ratr and BGCSFl mice Research Triangle Park, N.C. (May.) 4 JOURNAL OF PESTICmE REFORM/ FALL 1992 / VOL 12, NO.3 UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 j��Ldt EPA- SAB- EHC-94 -005 March, 22, 1994 Honorable Carol M. Browner, Administrator U.S. Environmental Protection Agency .401 M Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20460 1 OFFICE OF TFE ADWW=PATOR .r SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD SUbie-L"L Science Advisory Board'slSdentific Advisory Panel's review of the potential carcinogenicity of the herbicide 2,4 -D.) Dear Ms. Browner. In August 1980, the EPA required oncogenicity testing of 2,4 -D (2,4- dichlorophenoxyace6c acid — one of the first herbicides to be registered in the United States) in rats and mice.. Although the registrant has not yet completed all of _e required studies, the Agency has reviewed the results of those laboratory studies that were completed, as well as extant epidemiologic studies —some of which reported an association of phenoxy herbicides, including 2,4 -0, and non - Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Subsequent to this review, the Agency requested that a joint Committee of the Science Advisory Board and the Scientific Advisory Panel review the epidemiologic studies and other available relevant data. Such a joint Committee was formed, and met in Arlington, Virginia on April 1 -2, 1993. The meeting was structured around the Charge (presented in detail in the accompanying report) and addressed primarily the findings of human and canine epidemiological studies and animal toxicology studies vis-a-vis possible human carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. The Committee found that epidemiologic cohort studies which have tried to identify a hazard from exposure to 2,4,0 have generally shown no increased risk of under. We note, however,'that all of the populations for which specific exposure to the chemical have been identified were small, and the follow -up period usually short. Some case - control studies have shown a risk of Non - Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) in -Tsociation with the occupation of farming but many of these studies did not indicate w. 0. clM9_.Vt_- Ft& whether this relationship was due to a specific exposure to 2,4,0, or to other We conclude tha; the studies executed to -date cannot distinguish whether observe; risks reported are due to the use of 2,4,0 or some other aspect of fanning as an occupation. - The single extant canine epidemiologic, tudy suggested that pet dogs may be at risk from exposure to 2,4,0 or to areas treated by a lawn care service. Although this study is supportive of a finding of carcinogenicity, there are questions about its applicability to human carcinogenicity since the cancers may not be similar in dogs and humans, and exposures to 2,4 -0 are not dearly established. To substantiate thew results, the study should be replicated with improvement in the -exposure measures and verification of the comparability of the cancers in dogs and humans. Toxicology studies completed so far show that rats. (but not other animal species tested) may develop astrocytomas from exposure to 2,4,D, but this is an outcome which has not been reported in the human studies. 'An ongoing rat study at higher doses will clarify whether this finding is treatment- related or not. Tests of 2,4 -0 have not shown any mutagenic changes under experimental situations. The Committee concludes that, at this time, the data are not sufficient to find that there is a cause and effecf relationship.between the exposure to.2,4,0 and NHL. Because there is some evidence that NHL occurs in excess in populations that are likely to have been exposed to 2,4,0, there should be continued examination of the issue through further studies. Other data gaps exdst, and decision- making on 2,4 -0 would benefit from com- pletion of rodent studies previously requested by EPA, particularly further animal carcinogenicity studies that test 2,4 -D jointly with other substances that might reflect the human exposure situation; a replication of the dog epidemiology study; additional case /control studies, with careful attention to exposures; additional human cohort stud- _ ies designed to assess both relative risk of NHL and the comparative risk of all mor- tality; and additional follow up and analysis of worker cohorts involved in the produc- tion of 2,4 -D. r r 2 J J r We appreciate the opportunity to review this document, and ?cc : `.-N.•srd io your response to the issues we have raised. ENCLOSURE &44jj'w.[�C. -%i% %'! — Dr. Genevieve Matanoski, Chair SAS /SAP Joint Committee, and, Chair, Science Advisory Board 3 1 ADDITIONAL NAMES OF THOSE WHO CALLED AFTER 4:15 P.M., JUNE 17, 1994 CONCERNING BAN ON HERBICIDE USE Cindy Jenkins 922 -0637 5708 Olinger Blvd. Edina, MN 55436 Liz Beer 5804 Jeff Place Edina, MN 55436 Susan Findler 922 -1943 6508 Parnell Ave. Edina, MN 55435 Margaret Eldeeb 920 -4685 4413 Ellsworth Dr. Edina, MN 55435 Cindy Darling 925 -7806 4400 Fondell Dr. Edina, MN 55435 Cindy McCarthy 920 -1062 7104 Heatherton Trail Edina, MN 55435 Ann Longtin 941 -3155 5828 W. 78th St. Edina, MN 55435 Robert Lundberg 946 -3626 6508 Parnell Ave. Edina, MN 55435 41 4 . ° REQUEST FOR PURCHASE TO: Mayor Richards and Council Members FROM: John Keprios, Director, Park and Recreation Department VIA: Kenneth Rosland City Manager SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR PURCHASE IN EXCESS OF $5,000 DATE: June 2, 1994 AGENDA ITEM v . A . ITEM DESCRIPTION: Shade tree disease control for Oak Wilt only. Companv Amount of Quote or &d 1. Kunde Company, Inc. knot to exceed $15,000 2. Only supplier 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. RECOMMENDED QUOTE -OR BID: Kunde Company, Inc. not to exceed $15,000 GENERAL INFORMATION: 1994 Shade tree disease control program. See attached.agreement. •_e .t' 4nature X The Recommended bid is within budget not y Kenneth Rosla d City Manager Director OAK WILT DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAM AGREEMENT The Agreement, made and entered into this day of , 1994, between the City of EDINA, Hennepin County, Minnesota and Kunde Co., Inc., Second Party. WITNESSETH: 1. Second Party agrees to conduct, supervise and otherwise carry out the 1994 Oak Wilt Disease Control Program as described in Exhibit A attached hereto in and for the City of Edina, Minnesota, in accordance with applicable State Law and City Ordinances. 2. Under the terms of this agreement Second Party is an independent contractor and has and retains full control and supervision of the services and full control over the employment and direct compensation and discharge of all persons assisting in the performance of the services hereunder. Second Party agrees to be responsible for its own acts and those of its subordinates. Second Party shall be responsible for furnishing its own transportation, books, and any other documents or items of personal property. required to perform its services except as hereinafter specifically set forth. 3. Second Party undertakes and agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the City, its agents and employees, from and against all suits and courses of action, claims, losses, demands, and expenses, including, but not limited to, attorney's fees, injury to any person, or damage to or destruction of any property of either party hereto or of third parties, arising in any manner by reason of or incident to the performance of this agreement, on the part of the Second Party, or a subcontractor, or employee of the Second Party. The Second Party shall provide, keep in force, and furnish evidence of a contract or contracts of insurance with reliable companies authorized to do business in the State of Minnesota by which contracts the Second Party and City are insured against any claim, demand, or loss for injury to persons, or damage to property resulting from growing out of or connecting with this agreement. The required minimum limits of coverage for insurance are $200,000 per claimant for injury, death, or property damage by wrongful.act or omission. and $600,000 for any number of claims arising out of a single occurrence. The Second Party shall Provide a certificate of insurance in acceptable form as verification of compliance with these provisions. The certificate shall also provide that the insurance may not be. canceled or reduced in coverage or limits without.a 30 (thirty) day prior written notice to the City. Failure to have insurance coverage shall be grounds for immediate termination of this agreement. If the Second Party hires any person to assist him in its work it shall comply with Minnesota Statutes 176.182 regarding workers compensation or shall give to the City evidence that the person Assisting is an independent contractor. i). Second Party agrees that the 1994 Oak Wilt Disease Control Program in and for Edina will include, among other customary and routine items, the following: .a) Detection; b) Identification; c) Laboratory sampling, when necessary; d) Root graft disruption when necessary on City owned property; e) Systematic reporting; f) Such other items and procedures as may be, from time to time necessary. 5. Second Party shall submit monthly statements to First Party setting forth the following: a) Number of hours worked at each hourly rate; b) Quantity of materials used; c) Cost of materials used. 6. Second Party agrees to undertake his duties hereunder at an hourly rate of $24.00 for technician and $36.00 for professional consulting. Mileage shall be reimbursed at the rate of $.25 per mile and shall be sub:iect to review should there be dramatic chances in gasoline prices. The rate .for the vibratory plow and driver shall be at the available market rental rate (approximately $100.00 /hr.) First Party shall also reimburse Second Party for the cost of required materials, supplies, equipment and expenses necessary to complete and perform his obligations and duties hereunder provided that Second Party shall not expend more than $500.00 for purchase of materials, supplies equipment and expenses without prior approval of First Party. Payment due hereunder shall be made within 30 days after the monthly statements are received by the City. Total cost to City shall not exceed $15,000.00 for the year 1994, without Prior approval of First Party. 7. To the extent that this agreement involves the disbursement of public funds by the First Party to the Second Party as a provider of services and in compliance with the provisions of Minnesota Statutes Section 16B.06, Subdivision 4 (Subject to Audit), it is hereby expressly provided and understood that all books, records, documents,, and accounting procedures and practices of the Second Party relevant to this agreement, shall be subject at all times to examination by the First Party and the state or legislature auditor. 8. Either of the Parties may terminate this Agreement by giving the other Party thirty (30) days written notice. Second Party agrees that any written notices rendered may be sent to the following address: KUNDE CO., INC. 2311 Woodbridge Street Suite 170 Roseville, MN 55113 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this AGREEMENT to be executed and delivered on their behalf. CITY OF EDINA, First Party B4: DATED: KUNDE CO., INC. RM DATED: President EXHIBIT "A" COMPREHENSIVE OAK WILT DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAM, CITY OF EDINA ESTIMATED CONTRACT EXPENSES - 1994 Professional Labor Technician Labor Mileage Vibratory plowing EXPENSES 130 hrs. @ $36.00 /hr. _ 270 hrs. @ $24.00 /hr. _ 800 mi. @ $ .25 /mi. _ 30 hrs. @ $100.00 /hr.= $4,680.00 $6,480.00 $ 200.00 03,000.00 Aerial photography * ........................$ 315.00 Tree paint, flags, tags, etc .................$ 80.00 U of M lab fees(5 samples @ $20.00 /sample) ... $ 100.00 Photocopying, postage, etc ...................$ 20.00 Equipment(data recorders,pruning poles, etc).$ 125.00 TOTAL $15,000.00 *Flight -time plus film and developing for,two flights if needed. MINNESOTA WORKERS' COMPENSATION ASSIG W RISE PLAT Policy Administrator EMPLOYERS INSURANCE OF WAUSAU A Mutual Company Certificate of Insurance This is to certify that the insurance policies (described below by a policy number) written on forms in use by the company have been issued. This certificate is not a policy or a binder of insurance and does not in any way alter, amend or extend the coverage afforded by any policy referred to herein. ISSUED TO NAME AND MAILING ADDRESS OF INSURED AGENT OF RECORD ISSUING DATE JOHN KEPRIOS KUNDE CO INC OAK PARK AGENCY INC 05 02 94 CITY OF EDINA 2311 WOODBRIDGE ST STE 170 - PO BOX 26157 4801 W 50TH ST ROSEVILLE MN 55113 ST PAUL MN 55126 -0157 EDINA MN 55424 Policy Policy Effective Date Expiration Date Type of Insurance Policy Number (MO /DA /YR) (MO!DA /YR) Workers Compensation 0315 00 070039 01 01 94 01 01 95 SPECIAL PROVISIONS /LOCATIONS /SPECIFIED AUTOS: THIS POLICY PROVIDES COVERAGE FOR MINNESOTA EXPOSURE ONLY. EACH ACCIDENT 5100,000 /DISEASE POLICY LIMIT 5500,000 /DISEASE EACH EMPLOYEE $100,000 Notwithstanding any requirement, tern or condition of any contract or other document with respect to which this certificate may be issued or may pertain, the insurance afforded by the policy (policies) described above is subject to all of the terms, exclusions and conditions of such policy (policies) during the term(s) thereof. PRODUCER NO. ISSUING OFFICE REGION 0929 PO BOX 1357 MPL MINNEAPOLIS MN 55440 -1357 (612) 830 -1700 Signed. Au rued CompalT Representative KUNDE CO.,INC FORESTRY CONSULTANTS 2311 WOODBRIDGE STREET ROSEVILLE, MN 55113 484 - 0114 CITY OF EDINA BILLING ._DATE________. 1/1/93 - 2/25/93 2/26/93 - 3/25/93 3/26/93 - 4/25/93 4/26/93 - 5/25/93 5/26/93 - 6/25/93 6/26/93 - 7/25/93 7/26/93 - 8/25/93 8/26/93 - 9/25/93 9/26/93 - 11/25/93 11/26/93 - 12/25/93 AMOtJNT_ CONTRACT BALANCE $15,000.00 $ 684.75 $14,315.25 $ 954.63 $13,360.62 $ 938.11 $12,422.51 $ 755.75 $11;665.76 $ 484.00 $11,181.76 $ 85:3.75 $10,328.01 $2429.62 $ 7,898.39 $1611.50 $ 6,286.89 $ 80.50 $ 6,206.39 0.00 TOTAL $ 8,793.61 + $6,206.39 Forestry Consultants NDE CO. INC. 2311 WOODBRIDGE ST. • ROSEVILLE, MINNESOTA 55113 • (612) 484 -0114 John Keprios Park & Recreation Director City of Edina 4801 West 50 Street Edina Mn 55424 -1394 April 21, 1994 Dear Mr Keprios, Thank you for the meeting regarding the Oak Wilt program. You seem to have an excitement about the program and the urban forest and its importance. Enclosed are several cards you requested. Also please of the proposed 1994 contract with current specifications. I have also included a copy of the Report which indicates amount of monies spent. I enjoyed meeting with you. Thank you, Steve Kunde President enc SK /}6s) find a copy rates and 1993 Billing MEMBER: Minnesota Forestry Association - Society of American Foresters - Minnesota Society of Arboriculture International Society of Arboriculture • American Forestry Association _..., PRODUCER DALY AGENCY INC .............. 5810 W. 78TH ST STE 300 BLOOMINGTON MN 55439 INSURED KUNDE COMPANY, INC 2311 WOODBRIDGE, #170 ROSEVILLE MN 55113 . _ _ ............... DATE (MM /DD/YY) 2/14/94 THIS CERTIFICATE IS ISSUED AS A MATTER OF INFORMATION ONLY AND CONFERS NO RIGHTS UPON THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER. THIS CERTIFICATE DOES NOT AMEND, EXTEND OR ALTER THE COVERAGE AFFORDED BY THE POLICIES BELOW. COMPANIES AFFORDING COVERAGE COMPANY THE AMERICAN INSURANCE COMPANY A COMPANY B COMPANY C COMPANY D THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE POLICIES OF INSURANCE LISTED BELOW HAVE BEEN ISSUED TO THE INSURED NAMED ABOVE FOR THE POLICY PERIOD INDICATED, NOTWITHSTANDING ANY REQUIREMENT, TERM OR CONDITION OF ANY CONTRACT OR OTHER DOCUMENT WITH RESPECT TO WHICH THIS CERTIFICATE MAY BE ISSUED OR MAY PERTAIN, THE INSURANCE AFFORDED BY THE POLICIES DESCRIBED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO ALL THE TERMS, EXCLUSIONS AND CONDITIONS OF SUCH POLICIES. LIMITS SHOWN MAY HAVE BEEN REDUCED BY PAID CLAIMS. CO TYPE OF INSURANCE POLICY NUMBER POLICY EFFECTIVE POLICY EXPIRATION LIMITS LTR DATE (MM /DD/YY) DATE (MM /DD/YY) A GENERAL LIABILITY X COMMERCIAL GENERAL LIABILITY CLAIMS MADE ❑X OCCUR OWNER'S & CONTRACTOR'S PROT MZX80555798 2/06/94 2/06/95 I GENERAL AGGREGATE $ 1,000,000 PRODUCTS - COMP/OPAGG $ 600,000 PERSONAL & ADV INJURY $ 600,000 EACH OCCURRENCE S 600,000 FIRE DAMAGE (Any one fire) $ 50,000 EXCESS LIABILITY UMBRELLA FORM OTHER THAN UMBRELLA FORM MED EXP (Anv one Demon) $ 5 , 000 AUTOMOBILE LIABILITY ANY AUTO ALL OWNED AUTOS SCHEDULED AUTOS HIRED AUTOS NON -OWNED AUTOS COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT 1 $ BODILY INJURY I $ (Per person) BODILY INJURY I S (Pera=ldenj PROPERTY DAMAGE 1 $ DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS/LOCATIONS/VEHICLES/SPECIAL ITEMS CITY OF EDINA 4801 WEST 50TH STREET EDINA MN 55424 SHOULD ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRIBED POLICIES BE CANCELLED BEFORE THE EXPIRATION DATE THEREOF, THE ISSUING COMPANY WILL ENDEAVOR TO MAIL _ 0 DAYS WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER NAMED TO THE LEFT, BUT FAILURE TO MAIL SUCH NOTICE SHALL IMPOSE NO OBLIGATION OR U ABILIT" OF ANY KIND UPON THE COMPANY, ITS AGENTS OR REPRESENTATIVE: AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE GARAGE LIABILITY ANY AUTO AUTO ONLY - EA ACCIDENT S OTHER THAN AUTO ONLY. EACH ACCIDENT S AGGREGATE $ EXCESS LIABILITY UMBRELLA FORM OTHER THAN UMBRELLA FORM EACH OCCURRENCE. S AGGREGATE $ S WORKERS COMPENSATION AND EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY THE PROPRIETOR/ PARTNERS/EXECUTNE OFFICERS ARE: EXCL STATUTORY LIMITS EACH ACCIDENT S DISEASE - POLICY LIMIT S DISEASE - EACH EMPLOYEE S OTHER DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS/LOCATIONS/VEHICLES/SPECIAL ITEMS CITY OF EDINA 4801 WEST 50TH STREET EDINA MN 55424 SHOULD ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRIBED POLICIES BE CANCELLED BEFORE THE EXPIRATION DATE THEREOF, THE ISSUING COMPANY WILL ENDEAVOR TO MAIL _ 0 DAYS WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE CERTIFICATE HOLDER NAMED TO THE LEFT, BUT FAILURE TO MAIL SUCH NOTICE SHALL IMPOSE NO OBLIGATION OR U ABILIT" OF ANY KIND UPON THE COMPANY, ITS AGENTS OR REPRESENTATIVE: AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE NA. u REQUEST FOR PURCHASE J. TO: Mayor Richards and Council Members FROM: John Keprios, Director, Park and Recreation Department VIA: Kenneth Rosland City Manager SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR PURCHASE IN EXCESS OF $5 000 DATE: June 16, 1994 AGENDA ITEM y. B ITEM DESCRIPTION: Diseased Tree Removal and Stump Grinding Company Tree Removal Stump Grind 0 -29" DBH 30" & Up DBH 1. Outside Services, Inc. $9.75 ?13.00 $2.25 2. Precision Landscape and Tree $12.00 316.00 $2.00 3. Shadywood Tree Experts $24.89 $29.38 $1.65 4. Ceres $35.00 $45.00 $6.00 11 RECOMMENDED QUOTE OR BID: Outside Services, Inc. GENERAL INFORMATION: Trees to be removed would be noted by the City Forester within the City of Edina. Size of tree is determined by DBH (diameter at breast height) Si n ture The Recommended bid is ?CC ILCV f �'C - 'ect"� y 1 C within budget not Kenneth Rosland City �1Na.. art 0. REQUEST FOR PURCHASE TO: Mayor Richards and Council Members FROM: John Keprios, Director Park and Recreation Department VIA: Kenneth Rosland City Manager SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR PURCHASE IN EXCESS OF $5.00 DATE: June 8, 1994 AGENDA ITEM V.C. ITEM DESCRIPTION: Independence Day Fireworks display Company Amount of Quote or Bid 1• Remote Effect Systems, Inc. 1• $7,000 2. Northern Lighters Fireworks 2. $7,000 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. RECOMMENDED QUOTE OR BID: Remote Effect Systems, Inc. $7,000 GENERAL INFORMATION: July 4th Celebration fireworks display. Variety of 3 ", 411, 5 ", 6 ", & 8" shells in accordance with submitted specifications. Bid includes cost of $1,000,000 insurance policy, licensing and permit requirements. Remote Effects Systems, Inc. is recommended for the following, reasons: 1. Greater shell count (456 vs. 398) and more -large shells in count. 2. Excellent references (City of Jordan - 7 years). 3. Recipient of numerous Pyrotechnic Guild Awards. 4. Familiar with Edina's previous fireworks displays. C- -, � 1�; 4�, - K -, - 3, f z -1 Si ature The Recommended bid is _ within budget not Department Kenneth Rosland City Wallin, Fin4nce Director I EMOTE EFFECTS 1 =785 Dakota Street S.E. YSTEMS Prior Lake, MN 55372 Phone: 6 12- 447 -7976 'SPECIALTY PYROTECHNICS" Fax: 612 -447 -0065 4TH OF JULY FIREWORKS DISPLAY PROPOSAL FOR EDINA 1994 Remote Effects Systems Inc. is pleased to offer the following proposal for the Edina Fourth of July Celebration. Background Remote Effects Systems Inc. specializes in providing fireworks both indoors and outdoors. We specialize in electronic firing of fireworks from simple displayls to sophisticated computer fired pyromusical displays. Remote Effects Systems Inc. is also a manufacturer of fireworks and we custom manufacture aerial shells that are available exclusively through us. Kent Orwoll, Ed Vanasek and Steve Coman have won numerous awards in aerial shell competition at the Pyrotechnic Guild Intl. conventions over the years. Edina Shoot Site and Budget Based on our review and familiarity of the Edina shoot site, up to 8" diameter shells can be fired according to current NFPA 1123 standards. The code is currently 70' per inch of mortar diameter placing us at 560' safety distance. Any larger diameter would include fallout zones which would encroach on the shorelines of the surrounding homes. Shell diameter is sometimes equated with quality or better effect. In reality, careful selection of shell type and manufacture provide the best measure of quality. The type of shell used at a site must also be considered. For example, an 8" Nishiki Kamuro shell may meet code requirements but still may pose a hazard due to wind and surrounding landscape since this shell produces trails of sparks that often reach the ground. An 8" Double Petal Chrysanthemum is a shell of equal beauty but may be a more appropriate choice. Our Shell selections include a broad spectrum of styles and origin. We carefully select the best variety of Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese and Domestic product. We balance these selections with our own manufactured product to provide the best assortment possible. Judging shows by shell count alone can be, at best, misleading to the purchaser. Shells of the same size or even description can vary widely in quality and cost. For example, a high quality Japanese Chrysanthemum shell can cost 4 times as much as a lower quality Chinese shell with a similar description. When quality, numbers and styles are all considered, I am sure you will find our shell count and selection for the display very competitive. Display Presentation Frequently overlooked, the aspect of how the display is "shot" or presented is probably the most critical aspect to a successful display. A large shell count fired in an unformatted show will not have the nearly impact of a carefully choreographed show with a more modest shell count. Our goal is to present a show with an opening segment, followed by the main body of aerial display with several interludes and a finale. Based on the budget, we would propose a combination of manual and electric ignition. By inclusion of the use of electronic firing, we can provide additional creativity not possible with manual ignition. These include but are not limited to : Rapid sequential firing which creates wave effects. Multiple ignition with electronically controlled delays to precision time effects for maximum impact. Ignition of effects separated over the shoot site for dramatic effect. For example: Firing comets the length of the shoot site creating a "Glittering" Wall Effect". Firing mines in rapid sequence from each end towards the center of the site creating the effect of two "trains" on a collision course. Timing ignition of several shells of different sizes to 'open' at the same time creating a "Picture in the Sky ". The "SHOW" please refer also to included shell list. Opening: The initial "attention getter" would be a Glittering Comet Wall of 12 -3" comets fired the length of the shoot site. Followed immediately by a wall of 12 - 3" silver tailed aerial salutes with a 6" shell fired over the top. Main Body: We will present the shells in the main body in "Style Segments" for the audience to follow. For Example: Oriental Shells - Chrysanthemums, Peonies, Diadems, Kamuros Domestic Shells -Comet shells, Crossette, Timed reports Pattern Shells - Heart, 5 Point Star, Hourglass, Bowtie, intersecting rings, Butterfly, Saturn, etc. Mufti Break Shells - Color and Report, Serpents and Report, Whistle to Report, Color to Glitter Interludes: Our most popular effect, used halfway through the main body, "The Shell Scale ". This consists of firing, our specialty shell called "Wild Jobs" in increasing number of breaks. i.e. First firing a single break wild job shell. This would be followed by a Wild Job and report shell. This would then be followed by a 2 break Wild Job and report. This would continue through 4 break Wild job and report. Audiences enjoy each shell and tend to "count along" with each shell'as it functions. Mentioned above, "The Train Wreck Effect' using mines spanning the length of the shoot site. These would appear to start from opposite ends gaining speed as they approach center culminating with a multilevel "mini show° at the collision point. A third interlude of rapidly fired "Zipper Mines" across the length of the shot site produces a comical effect of a giant zipper or velcro strip being rapidly opened by the sound they make. The effect has hundreds of "little zipper" devices that appear to "squirm" in the air. The Finale The finale will open with 6 dozen color shells, fired 12 of each color changing from one color to the next. The effect changes to 24 - 3" gold glitter shells building to 12 - 4" gold glitter shells. The intensity increases with .12 Silver Tourbillion shells altemating with fancy color shells. The effect changes to 24-3" Pulsating Strobe and Saettine (report) shells culminating with 96 - 3" aerial salutes with a final fancy oriental shell opening over the finale. The shell list presented represents our current computer inventory as well as shells "on order". Some substitutions may be necessary. Substitutions will be shells of equal or greater value. Thank you for this opportunity to present you with this bid. We look forward to providing our services to the City of Edina. SinZer 1, 7y, Steve A. Coman President EDINA94.XLS SHELLS TO BE USED IN EDINA EFFECT SIZE QUAN RED PEONY W/TAIL ' 4" 1 JJ RED RING 4" 1 GREEN RING 4" 1 THUNDER IN SKY • 4" 1 RED RING W /BLUE HEART 4.. 1 COLOR CHANGNG PEONY 4" 4 YELLOW CHRYSANTHEMUM 4" - 1 - - - -- ---- - - - - -- _-------- .._.... -- - - - - - - -- - ----- RED & BLUE 2 RING 4" 1 3 COLOR BROCADE 4" 3 RED RING W /GREEN HEART 4" 1 SILVER RING 4" 1 BLUE RING WHITE HEART 4" 1 BLUE RING 4' 1 FISH IN WATER 4" 1 3 LAYER FLOWER 4" 1 RED PEONY WlTAIL 4" 1 T GREEN PEONY W/TAIL 4" 1 BLUE PEONY W/TAIL 4" 1 GOLDEN WAVE TO RED 4" 1 GOLDEN WAVE TO GREEN 4" 1 PURPLE PEONY W/TAIL 4" 1 GOLD TO CRACKLING 4" -- ---- -....- - - - RED &GREEN W/TAIL 4" 1 RED TO GREEN TO SILVER 4" 1 GREEN TO RED TO SILVER 4" 1 BLUE TO CRACKLING 4" 1 3 COLOR CHANGE PEONY - 4" - -- 1 S ---------------- - - - - -- - - -- - - - - ---- - - GOLDEN WAVE TO SILVER 4" 1 RED GAMBOGE TO SILVER 4" 1 FIREBALL IN SNOW 4" 1 SATURN 4" 1 RED TO BLUE TO SILVER 4" 1 RING W /ARTILLERY 4" 1 . RED TO SILVER PEONY 4" 1 SILVER TO RED 4" 2 WHISTLE AND REPORT 4" 1 F STAR WARS 4" 1 _._._...... _... - -- - - -- -- KATHY - -- 4" ------------ 1 FIVE TIMED REPORT 4" 1 SERPENTS AND REPORT 4" 1 COLOR AND REPO_ RT 4" 1: COLOR. COLOR & REPORT 4" 1 COLOR•COLOR.COLOR &REPORT 4" 1 CRACKLE AND REPORT 4" 1 COLOR & TOURBILLIONS 4" 1 H COLOR & SILVER SERPENTS 4" 1 SILVER WHISTLE W/TI REPORTS 4" 1 53-% GREEN RING W /RED HEART 5" 1 JJ ^ - -- 4 EDINA94.XLS RED & BLUE PEONY 5" 2 BLUE & WHITE PEONY 5" 2 - - -- -- - -- RED & WHITE PEONY - - - - - - - -- - - - -- - -- 2 RED GLITTER 5" 3 GREEN GLITTER 5" 3 WHITE GLITTER 5" 2 GREEN CHRYSANTHEMUM 5" 3 WHITE CHRYS. W /BLUE HEART 5" 2 BOWING WILLOW 5.. 1 BLUE RING W /GREEN HEART 5" 1 RED CHRYSANTHEMUM 5" 1 YELLOW CHRYSANTHEMUM 5" 1 RED TO GREEN W/TAIL 5" 1 T RED TO BLUE W/TAIL 5" 1 GREEN TO SILVER 5" 1 PURPLE TO RED 5" 1 RED TO CRACKLING 5" 1 GREEN TO CRACKLING 5" 1 GREEN TO RED_ TO SILVER 5" 1 GOLDEN WAVE TO VRGT. 5" 1 GOLD WITH GREEN 5" 1 SILVER TO RED 5" 1 PURPLE TO GREEN W/TAIL 5" 1 GREEN TO RED W/TAIL .5" 1 SILVER TO CRACKLING 5" 1 _ RED GAMBOGE TO SILVER TO RED 5 "- RED PEONY 5" 1 3 COLOR CHANGE PEONY 5" 1 S DIADEM STROBE CORE 5" 1 RED TO BLUE TO SILVER 5" 1 GOLDEN WAVE TO SILVER 5" 1 . RED GAMBOGE TO GREEN 5" 1 CHYYS. W /STROBING PISTIL 5" 2 M COLOR CHANGE PEONY 5" 2, GLITTER GOLD TO VRGT CHRYS. 5" 1 3 COLOR CHANGE CHRYS. 5" 2. GLITTERING GOLD TO F_ LAS_ H CHY. 5" 1 CHRYS. IN CIRCLE 5" 1 SHIMMER MAG COLOR CORE 5" 1 C RUBY CROWN CROSSETTE 5" 1 EMERALD CROWN CROSSETTE 5" 1 HEART PATTERN SHELL 5" 1 TRANSFORMATION HOURGLASS 5" 1 AQUA CROWN CROSSETTE 5" 1 STAR WARS 5" 1 . F KATHY 5" 1 SEVEN TIMED REPORTS 5" 1 WHISTLE & REPORT 5" 1 COLOR & SILVER SERPENTS 5" 1H TOURBILLIONS & COLOR 5" 1 2 BREAK TOURBILLIONS W /RPTS 5" 1 WILD JOD Dana J EDINA94.XLS WILD JOB & REPORT WILD JOB.WILD JOB & REPORT 5" 1 WILD JOB.WJ.WJ & REPORT 5" 1 WILD JOB.WJ,WJ.WJ & REPORT 5" 1 GOLD GLITTER CROSSETTE 5" 1 71 COLOR CHANGING CHRYS. 6" 2 JJ COLOR CHANGING PEONY 6" _ _... - - -_. 1 - - - -- . ............ _ RED TO SILVER CHRYS. - 6" 1 RED GAMBOGE TO SILVER 6" 1 BLUE TO SILVER 6" 1 HUMMERS 6" 1 _ GOLDEN ORCHID 6" 1 GREEN TO SILVER 6" 1 PURLE TO SILVER 6" 1 RED GAMBOGE TO BLUE 6" 1 RED GAMBOGE TO GREEN 6" 1 YELLOW CHRYSANTHEMUM 6" 1 BLUE CHRYSANTHEMUM_ 6" 1 RED PEONY 6" 1 GREEN PEONY 6" 1 BLUE PEONY 6" 1 BLUE/SILVER PEONY 6" 1 GREEN TO RED 6" 1 DRAGON TOURBILLIONS 6" IT SILVER TO GREEN 6" 1 DIADEM TO RED DIADEM TO GREEN 6" 1 DIADEM STROBE 6" 1 DIADEM TO STROBE 6" 1 S GOLDEN WAVE W/TAIL 6" 1 GLITTER COCONUT 6" 1 RING W /PISTIL 6" 1 KAMURO - 6„ 1 GLITTER SILVER DIADEM CHRYS 6" 1 M 3 COLOR CHANGE CHYRS 6" 3 -- - - -- ---- -------------- _. _ -._... - -- - .... - - - -- GLITTERING SILVER TO VGTD CHY - -- - -- - - - - - 6" -- - 1 DIADEM CHRYS W /RIPPLING PIST. 6" 2 2 COLOR CHANGING CHRYS. 6" 2 AQUA CROWN CROSSETTE 6" 1 C BLUE CROWN CROSSETTE 6" 1 - - -- - - - - -- - -- ---- - - - SHIMMER MAG W/TAILS - -- -- - - - - -- 6" - -- -.___---------- 1 SHIMMER MAG W /COLOR CORE 6" 1 STAR PATTERN SHELL 6" 1 . TRANSFORMATION HOURGLASS 6" -. -- . - - - -- - 1 AQUA SPREADER 6" 1 BLUE METEOR W /SHIMMER CORE 6" 1 46 GREEN TO SILVER W/TAIL 8" 1 JJ HALF PURPLE HALF SILVER 8" 1 BLUE TO SILVER W/TAIL 8" 1 BLUE TO RED W/TAIL 8" 1 CRACKLING PALM W/TAIL 8" 1 SILVER TO RED W/TAIL 8" 1 To1c.� 5 EDINA94.XLS GOLDEN WAVE TO RED 8" 1 S GLITTERING SILVER TO BLUE - - . _.... 3 COLOR CHANGING CHRYS. - 8" - - -- _ - - -- - - - - - ----- 1 M CHRYS. W /DRIFTING FLOR. SALUT. all 1 10 TOTAL ._ .,n b4_�y 180 SILVER COMETS 3" 12 ZIPPER MINES 4" 12 FINALE RED COLOR SHELL 3" 12 GREEN COLOR SHELL 3" 12' BLUE COLOR SHELL 3" 12 PURPLE COLOR SHELL - -- - - - -'3" 12: YELLOW COLOR SHELL 3" 12: . WHITE COLOR SHELL 3" 12' GOLD GLITTER 3' 24 GOLD GLITTER _ .4" 12 _ TOURBILLONS 3" - -- - -- VRGTD. COLOR SHELL - -- — .4" — - -12Y- -- 12• STROBE & SIATINE 3- - 24 TAILED SALUTES 3" 96 1 ._. _.. _ ^ _ _. -- - -- - - -- - - TOTAL - - - -- -- - - 252 - - -- 767 %k 'F,-, Northern Lighters Fireworks Proposal.f or City of Edina Mn. 4th of July Fireworks. The orthern' Lighters Fireworks club will provide the following for the City of Edina. 1 A One million dollar libility polocy as per our .historical usage. 2. For the main body of the Show the following devices. A) 95 assorted 4 inch diameter shells H) 50 assorted 5 inch. diameter shells C) 20 assorted 6 inch diameter shells D) 2 special effect 8 inch diameter shells This is the main body of the show and will be fired in a manner that is slightly different than previous shows as we will sel- ect the finest quality as always but we are adding three new effects of timmed firing and specialy arranged segments. As always we perscnaly select the shells used. I will of have a good selection of American made multi -break shells, Crossettes,\Spreader stars, Tourbilions, Serpants,Whistles, Fish,Siateen,Fusilating Reports,-Strobe,Tailed Shells, Doughtnuts, Pattern Shells( like Bow ties, Rings, Hour Glasses, Saturn Shells) and of course Heavy Reports. Also we will select the classical Oriental effects, Willow, Peony, Kamuro, Chrysantbum. Your Finnaly will consist of 2 dozen Tremalon Shells(something no one else will ,provide.) -2 dozen Maltes Silver Shells(again something no one else will provide.) 11 dozen color and report or salute shells. These.will be in 3 inch diameter. To this wee will add 36 Colorfull Whirlwind. The 1993 Wpa award winner for best new product. Also, we will add 5 Green Peony and Edina Proposal' pg 2 Purple Pistals. Also we will end it with 5 Super eavy Salutes. Some of the New items that I-decided to try will be an . effect called a Sunburst 'Mall, Walls'of Serpa.nts;filghts of Oriental Fancy Shells and of course the added effect of 12 Silver Swallow cakes,. Last year a small problem occured between a couple of our members so in apology,f or that regretable incident we would like to offer an-:additional 500.00 Dollars worth of , product to your display.,.l personal will selcet the Finest of our inventory for this contribution I would recomend either 1 ten or some fine selections in eight inch or a good number of eight inch and six inch shells, depending on the fallout area. Or I may if you desire redisgn you a completely new effect esecialy for your show. r� AGENDA ITEM: V. D DATE: JUNE 20, 1994 REQUEST FOR PURCHASE TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL a; R kwl _ u W VIA: KENNETH ROSLAND, CITY MANAGER SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR PURCHASE IN EXCESS` OF $5,000 ITEM DESCRIPTION: PROPERTY INSURANCE Company Bid Amount 1. HARTFORD 1. $ 44,794.00 2. ST. PAUL COMPANY 2. $ 47,896.00 3. TRAVELERS 3. NO BID 4. 4. 5. 5. RECOMMENDED BID: HARTFORD - $44,794.00 GENERAL INFORMATION: Attached please find a Premium Summary/Comparison. Theses figures were prepared by Mr. Jack Carroll of Rollins Hudig Hall. The difference in premium from 1993 - 1994 reflects a 2.5% increase which is below the general market rate. Mr. Carroll will be present to answer any questions. ADMINISTRATION Signature Department The Reco ende 'd is (within budget) ❑ (not within budget) Kenneth Rosland, City Manaor John Waffin, Finance Director CITY OF EDINA 1994 to 1995 Premium Summary/Companson cryedina 4V ROLLINS HUDK; HALL Hartford Hartford St. Paul 199311994 199411995 199411995 Building $ 35,060 $ 37,069 $ 39,231 Contents $ 4,248 $ 4,500 $ 6,783 Stock Included Included Included Business Income $ 800 $ 540 $ 784 Inland Marine $ 962 $ 1,138 S 864 Crime $ 2,210 S 1,547 $ 234 $ 43,280 $ 44,794 S 47,896 cryedina 4V ROLLINS HUDK; HALL w T, , AGENDA ITEM: V. E. oe p DATE: JUNE 20, 1994 �N.A . �y REQUEST FOR PURCHASE TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL FROM: CEII. SMITH VIA: KENNETH ROSLAND, CITY MANAGER SUBJECT: REQUEST FOR PURCHASE IN EXCESS OF $5,000 ITEM DESCRIPTION: General Liability, Liquor Liability, Business Auto, and Workers' Compensation Insurance Company Bid Amount 1. ST. PAUL COMPANIES 2. 3. 4. 5. RECOMMENDED BID: 1. $706,288.00 2. 3. 4. 5. ST. PAUL COMPANIES - $706,288.00 GENERAL INFORMATION: The attached letters from Mr. Bill Homeyer of the Harris - Homeyer Company are provided as an explanation of why we are recommending the St. Paul Companies. The premium has increased 15% due primarily to changes in the experience modification factor, and increases in payroll (2 %). Mr. Homeyer will be present to answer questions. Signature rithin budget) ADMINISTRATION Department ® (not within budget) John Wallin, Finance Director William P. Homeyer, CPCU 'j, John R. Harris, CPCU ;dam Douglas H. Crowther David W. Crowther Timothy S. Gonslor Harris -HOmeM Company 6161 Wooddale Ave., Suite 101 P.O. Box 24030 Edina, Minnesota 55424 612 - 922 -0301 Fax 612 -922 -7547 June 16, 1994 City of Edina 4801 West 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 Attn: Ceil Smith, Assistant to the City Manager Dear Ceil, The insurance renewal of 7 -1 -94 will be handled per my letter of 6- 30-93 (copy attached). There will be no change in the auto rates (only variable is number of units) , no change in general liability rates (only variables are liquor receipts & golf course receipts) . The work comp experience modification has changed from .74 to .86 and the rates have increased 4 %. The work comp premium will increase accordingly. As promised, all of the retro factors will remain the same as last year. I will be at the Council meeting June 20 to answer any questions. Sincerely, Bill Home er WPH /jlb LTR1794 dh Harris - Homelier Company 6161 Wooddale Ave., Suite 101 P.O. Box 24030 Edina, Minnesota 55424 612 - 922 -0301 Fax 612 - 922 -7547 June 30, 1993 City of Edina 4801 West 50th Edina, MN 55424 ATTN:.Ceil Smith, Assistant to the City Manager Dear Ceil, William P. Homeyer, CPCU John R. Harris, CPCU Douglas H. Crowther David W. Crowther Timothy S. Gonsior This year quotes were obtained from the League, Home Insurance and St. Paul Fire & Marine. After 16 years with the Home I'm recommending the City switch to St. Paul Fire & Marine. I believe the exhibit showing actual costs justifies this recommendation (Hartford property quote submitted by Jack Carroll of Rollings, Huding -Hall, has been included in my exhibit to give a comparison with the League.) In addition, St. Paul will issue a 3 year policy with guaranteed rates on the Auto & Liability; and will guarantee the schedule credit on the Work Comp. The liability policy is non - auditable the 1st year; in the 2nd and 3rd years only the liquor sales and golf course receipts are auditable. The St. Paul /s quote ($612,488) is favorable with last years Home Insurance quote ($619,073). Sincerely, IV Bill Homeyer WPJ /jls LTR1356 REPORT/RECOMMENDATION TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL FROM: CRAIG G. SWANSON TRAFFIC SAFETY DATE: JUNE 17, 1994 SUBJECT: TRAFFIC SAFETY STAFF REPORT Recommendation: Motion to accept recommendation. InfoBackground: Removed from the consent agenda. Agenda Item # VI.A. Consent ❑ Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA ❑ To Council Action ® Motion ❑ Resolution ❑ Ordinance ❑ Discussion Items (A,4), (13,2), (13,5) may warrant additional discussion based on input from the community. TRAFFIC SAFETY STAFF REVIEW JUNE 7, 1994 The staff review of traffic safety matters occurred -on June 7, 1994. Staff present included the Assistant City Manager, the City Engineer, the Chief of Police, the Traffic Safety Coordinator, and the Public Works Traffic Control Specialist. From that review, the below recommendations are provided. On each of the items, persons involved have been contacted and the staff recommendation has been discussed with them. They have also been informed that if they disagree with the recommendation or have additional facts to present, they can be'included on the June 20, 1994, Council agenda. SECTION A: Requests on which the staff recommends approval. (1) Request for improvement of pedestrian safety at the crosswalks on Hazelton Road between France Avenue South and York Avenue South. The staff discussed their observations of driver and pedestrian actions on Hazelton Road and recommend that the Police Department address the issue through enforcement. (2) Request to improve signage at the intersection of Londonderry Road at Lincoln Drive to prevent turnabouts on private roads. The staff recommends the City erect "Private Road - No Turnaround" signs at the intersection. (3) Request for speed control on Malibu Drive. The staff recommends that the Police Department address the issue through enforcement. (4) Request by the City Engineer for a review of the existing 40 MPH speed limit in the area of W. 78th Street at Bush Lake Road. The staff discussed the traffic patterns and speeds in the area. The driveway to the office complex at 5555 W. 78th Street is of concern due to the geometrics of the roadway and the 40 MPH traffic flow. TRAFFIC SAFETY STAFF REVIEW June 7, 1994 Page 2 The staff recommends the Edina City Council pass a resolution requesting the Office of the Commissioner of Public Safety to reduce the speed limit on W. 78th Street to 30 MPH westerly to Cecilia Circle. SECTION B: Requests on which the staff recommends denial of request. (1) Request for "Stop" signs on Oak Drive at St. Johns Avenue stopping north and southbound traffic. The staff discussed the facts of traffic volume and speed at the above intersection. The 85th percentile speed was 25 MPH and volume was less than 150 vehicles daily. No accidents were reported over a three year search period. The staff recommends denial of the request due to lack of warrants. (2) Request to install multi -way "Stop" signs at the intersection of W. 56th Street at St. Johns Avenue. The staff discussed the facts of traffic volume and speed at the above intersection. The 85th percentile speed was 25 MPH and volume was less than 150 vehicles daily. No accidents were reported over a three year search period. The staff recommends denial of the request due to lack of warrants. (3) Request to upgrade the "Yield" signs on Ashcroft Lane and Garrison Lane at St. Johns Avenue. The staff discussed the intersection and facts surrounding its volume and safety. The intersection is a low volume low speed intersection with right -of- way defined by Yield signs. Three (3) minor accidents were reported over a five (5) year search period. The staff recommends denial of the request based on the lack of warrants. (4) Request to install "Stop" signs on Lakeview Drive at. St. Johns Avenue. TRAFFIC SAFETY STAFF REVIEW May 3, 1994 Page 4 of additional signage at or near the curve would possibly reduce the visibility and understandability of the railroad signage. The staff recommends denial of the request. The staff further recommends continuance of Police Department speed reduction efforts on Ridgeview Drive and Valley Lane that are currently in effect. (8) Request for "Children at Play" signs in the 6100 block of Ryan Avenue. The staff recommends denial of the request based on the Edina Warning Sign Policy. The staff further recommends an educational letter be prepared and sent to the neighborhood encouraging safe driving and drawing attention to children in the area. (9) Request for "Stop" signs on Josephine Avenue at either W. 65th Street and /or W. 64th Street to distribute neighborhood traffic more equitably (continued from May '94 discussion). New facts discussed included traffic counts on Josephine Avenue (778 daily) and Wilryan Avenue (837 daily). The staff recommends denial of the request based on the lack of warrants and the fact that traffic distribution is equitable. (10) Request for signage to reduce speed and increase safety on Amy Drive due to a large number of children in the neighborhood. The staff discussed traffic patterns on Amy Drive in light of the Edina Warning Sign Policy. The staff recommends denial of the request. The staff further recommends a letter be prepared and distributed to the neighborhood that would highlight vehicle and pedestrian safety. SECTION C: Requests which are deferred to a later date or referred to others. None. TRAFFIC SAFETY STAFF REVIEW June 7, 1994 Page 3 The staff discussed safety, volumes, and speed at the intersection. Lakeview Drive carries less than 300 vehicles daily and St. Johns Avenue carries less that 200 vehicles daily. No accidents have been reported during a three year search period. Speeds are typical to residential areas with 85th percentile speeds well under 30 MPH. The staff recommends denial of the request based on lack of warrants. (5) Request for multi -way "Stop" sign at the intersection of Brookside Avenue at W. 44th Street to enhance pedestrian and vehicle safety. The staff discussed the safety and volumes of traffic at that location. Both roadways are collector roadways carrying over 2800 vehicles daily. No accidents have been reported over a three year search period. MTC users and other pedestrians cross Brookside with no enhanced signage. The staff recommends denial of the multi -way "Stop" sign request. The staff recommends installation of a painted crosswalk and crosswalk signage on Brookside Avenue at the intersection. (6) Request for multi -way "Stop" signs at the intersection of W. 62nd Street at Peacedale Avenue. Request made to reduce speed and improve safety. The staff discussed the safety, speed, and volume of the intersection. One accident during 1994 prompted the request. It is described as an on line accident caused by a failure to yield turning violation. No other accidents were reported over a three year search period. Volumes include 2000 vehicles per day carried on W. 62nd Street which is designated as a collector. A speed survey revealed a 35 MPH 85th percentile figure which is slightly higher than other collector roadways. A review of a defeated sidewalk proposal was included in the discussion. The staff recommends denial of the request and the matter be transferred to the Police Department to be addressed through enforcement. (7) Request for signage to reduce speed on Ridgeview Drive in the curve near 6504 Ridgeview Drive. The staff discussed the geometrics and signage in the area. ' A railroad crossing exists just west of the curve location and is marked in accordance with the Minnesota Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. The installation RESOLUTION REGARDING SPEED STUDY W. 78TH STREET - FROM EAST BUSH LAKE ROAD TO CECILIA CIRCLE WHEREAS West 70th Street between East Bush Lake Road and Cecilia Circle is a busy thoroughfare; WHEREAS a significant number of accidents have occurred along this stretch of roadway; WHEREAS the roadway geometrics tend to be curvilinear and has grades which result in excessive speeds of motorists. NOW, THEREFORE be it resolved that the Edina City Council requests that the Minnesota Department of Transportation undertake a speed study to determine if a lower speed limit can be established on said route. STATE OF MINNESOTA ) COUNTY OF HENNEPIN )SS CITY OF EDINA ) CERTIFICATE OF CITY CLERK I, the undersigned duly appointed and acting City Clerk for the City of Edina do hereby certify that the attached and foregoing Resolution was duly adopted by the Edina City Council at its Regular Meeting of June 20, 1994, and as recorded in the Minutes of said Regular Meeting. WITNESS my hand and seal of said City this June 21, 1994. City Clerk WE T IT 1 ON We, the undersigned , live in the South View Middle School Area. We urge you to consider the need for Stop oS« gn north and south on St. Johns Avenue between . and Oak Street. We recommend that the s1§n be put_ on Weedftw a)bcd(g� and St. Johns and Oak and St. Johns but would leave the placement of the signs to the advisement of the traffic committee. Please consider the following information: • Currently there are NO Stop-Signs between Golf Terrace and 58th St. there are 6 intersections between these streets. • Four of these intersections are uncontrolled. • There are no sidewalks in this area and an over -abundance of children: over 35 on Tower. and 56th alone, with two having special needs.�,Cp • An accident at awn occurred on June 2nd and a complaint was filed May 27th. Have these been reported? ( May 27 Officer Jany # 94008832, Officer Thompson # 94009205) N 1, 2, 3. 4. 5. 6. 7, 8 9. 11 1`9 Nan ii. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. ------------------------------------------------=------- 19. -------------------------------------------------------- 20. -------------------------------------------------------- 21. -------------- 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. -------------------------------------------------------- 29. 30. 31. 312. -------------------------------------------------------- 3 3 . ----------- --------------------- 34 -------------------------------------------------------- 35. P ET IT 1 O N We, the undersigned , live in the South View Middle School Area. We urge you to consider the need for Stop Signs of g north and south on St. Johns Avenue between oodland and Oak Street. We recommend that the stop sign be put one` Noodla"j A. I nd St. Johns and Oak and St. Johns but would leave the placement of -the signs to the advisement of the traffic committee. - Please consider the following information: • Currently there are NO Stop Signs between Golf Terrace and 58th St. there are 6 intersections between these streets. • Four of these intersections are uncontrolled. • There _are ,.no .sidewalks in this area and an over abundance of, children: over_35. on Tower and alone, with two having special needs. • An accident at Woodla occurred on June 2nd and a complaint was filed May 27th. Have these been reported? ( May 27 Officer, Jany # 94008832, Officer Thompson # 94009205) . N 1. 2. 2 6. 7,, 8. 10. I Name Address • I 11. _ 1'2. - - - - -- - - - --------- y5075_ =/ o i�Al- S! - - -- 65424- _ 15. —�jc 5 - - -- -- 18 19.0 20.- -�5�,� 22. Sz T / — � S 25. S� i- -- ��f >.iT 26. 27. 28. -------------------- ------------ --------- --------------- 29. 30. 31. 32. -------------------------------------------------------- 33. 34. -------------------------------------------------------- 35. r P ET IT 1 O N We, the undersigned , dive in the South View Middle School Area. We urge you to consider the need for Stop Signs oing n north and south on St. Johns Avenue between Wood Ia *n L and Oak Street. We recommend that the stop sign be pu`t on WoodlatncL �& and St. Johns and Oak and St. Johns but would leave the placement of the signs to the advisement of the traffic committee. Please consider the following information: • Currently there are NO Stop Signs between Golf Terrace and 58th St. there are 6 intersections between these streets. • Four of these intersections are uncontrolled. • There are no sidewalks in this area and an over abundance of children: over 35 on Tower and 56th alone, with two having special needs. • An accident at Wood I aipnoLoccu rred on June 2nd and a complaint was filed May 27th.- Have these been reported? ( May 27 Officer Jany # 94008832, Officer Thompson # 94009205) Name Address 2. —��Lk 5 IJ-g �-eb�_ ►'nom.. 3 . _ Z'/t Cm W 4 6.__ — 40Y-6 r ddp 1:5 -- 7 . ` — b� a 8. 9. 10. �v2yljAia-1 V ? cur Sf �7dt vrwL Name Address —j 13. 51 Db roA/bA 04 14. �_ -------- - - - %2� - - - - -- - 15. -- - -- ------------ - -.� -- -- - - -- - - 16. -- - - - - -- � - - -- 17. ot v-e - 18.o -- - -- - - - - - - -- - - -- -- - - - - - -- - 19. 56-�D U� 20. -------------------------------------------------------- 21. -----------------=--------------=----------------------- 22. 23. - 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. -------------------------------------------------------- 29. 30. 31. '32. -------------------------------------------------------- 33., 34. --- -------------------------------------------------- --- 35. A, Le TO: City Manager City Council FROM: William Bernhjelm Chief of Police DATE: June 17, 1994 SUBJECT: Clearview Ordinance Violation 6200 Chowen Avenue REPORWRECOMMENDATION Agenda Item # _vI • B Consent ❑ Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA ❑ To Council Action ❑ Motion ❑ Resolution ❑ Ordinance 0 Discussion At the last Council meeting, the homeowner at 6200 Chowen asked the Council for relief from the requirements of the clearview ordinance. Mr. Davis had been advised by staff that a spruce tree in his front yard was blocking view of the intersection of 62nd & Chowen, A complaint from a citizen had been received, and the tree was in violation of City Code, Section 1405. He was asked to arrange for trimming of the tree, but decided instead to appeal the request from staff to the Council. The Council asked for input from public safety staff regarding this situation. I have visited the site and confirmed the violation. Pictures were taken and a diagram will be available at the council meeting. I have checked our accident records for the last three years. No accidents have been reported at this location. Both streets are low volume residential streets. From a safety perspective, staff would oppose any dilution or variance in application of the Code. The Code is important to provide a standard for intersection visibility throughout the community. The clearview zone is relatively small and imposes minimal requirements on owners of corner lots. The visibility issue is important here because even though stop signs are present on Chowen, it is an unsafe practice to assume all drivers will stop. The City Attorney is of the opinion that failure to enforce these standards may place the City in the position of being liable were an accident or injury to occur. City of Edina Control of Traffic and Vehicles 1405.03 Section 1405 - Clear Miew Zone 1405.01 Clear View Zone Defined. The triangular area formed by connecting the following three points: the point of intersection of the curb lines extended of intersecting streets, and a point on each curb line 30 feet from the aforementioned point of intersection. If there are no curbs, the edge of the traveled portion of the street shall be used instead of the curb line. 1405.02 Obstruction of Clear View Zone. No owner of a corner lot shall install, set out, maintain, or permit the installation or maintenance of any sign, hedge, fence, tree, shrub, natural growth, building, structure or other obstruction or any part thereof within the clear view zone except as provided in Subsection 1405.03. 1405.03 Exceptions. The following obstructions are permitted in the clear view zone. A. Obstructions less than 30 inches in height as measured from the top of the adjoining curb. If there is not a curb, the measurement shall be from the edge of the travelled portion of the street. B. Trees pruned to a height of not less than six feet as measured from the top of the adjoining curb. If there is not a curb, the measurement shall be from the edge 10) of the traveled portion of the street. C. Regulatory signs erected by the City, County or State. D. Freestanding signs if at least ten feet of clearance is maintained between the ground and the bottom of the sign and the sign is supported by a single pylon of 12 inches or less in diameter. History. Ord 1402 codified 1970 1405-1 TO: EDINA CITY COUNCIL FROM: DAWN KERRISON, PRESIDENT, "THE RAGERS ASSOCIATION" Last Council Meeting you voted 4 -1 in favor of supporting our organization financially by allocating $5000 to us for our first season. You also agreed, to consider making our association a part of Edina -Park and Recreation with staff assistance. We are withdrawing our request for assistance from the City in any financial or organizational form. It has become apparent to us that this City affiliation will be, at times, in conflict with our mission. We find that we are able to function more effectively as a completely independent non - for - profit Minnesota corporation and will also file for tax exempt status with the IRS. We appreciate the time you have already devoted to our requests and regret that we could not forsee these difficulties sooner. You all are to be commended for your willingness to step out in support of our new program and I hope you will continue to look upon us favorably in the future. The 'gagers Association" asks to be removed from the June 20 City Council Agenda. Our first dance is tentatively scheduled for June 30. Wish us luck! Thank you all. Very truly yT�"- awn Kerrison "gagers Association" REPORT/RECOMMENDATION TO: COUNCIL MEMBERS FROM: FRED RICHARDS, MAYOR DATE: JUNE 16, 1994 SUBJECT: APPOINTMENTS TO COMMUNITY EDUCATION SERVICES BOARD Recommendation: Agenda Item # VI.D Consent Information Only Appointment of the individuals indicated below to the Community Education Services Board for a one year term from 07/01/94 to 07/01/95. Info/Background: With the consent of the Council, the following individuals will be appointed to the Community Education Services Board for a one year term from 07/01/94 to 07/01/95: Charlotte H. Burrell (Member At Large) Jean Rydell (Park Board Representative) Peggy Kelly (Council Representative) Mgr. Recommends r-1 To HRA To Council Action M Motion F] Resolution Ordinance E] Discussion Appointment of the individuals indicated below to the Community Education Services Board for a one year term from 07/01/94 to 07/01/95. Info/Background: With the consent of the Council, the following individuals will be appointed to the Community Education Services Board for a one year term from 07/01/94 to 07/01/95: Charlotte H. Burrell (Member At Large) Jean Rydell (Park Board Representative) Peggy Kelly (Council Representative) CITY OF EDINA 4801 W. 50th Street Edina, MN 55424 APPLICATION FOR APPOINTMENT TO ADVISORY BOARDS /COMMISSIONS NAME /3,; r r C. ADDRESS - . > .5' 3 L A /7 C A l/r_ ZIP CODE V HOME PHONE l 2-2 - . S: e. ? 7 WORK PHONE -- EDINA RESIDENT (number of years) y O EMPLOYMENT (Firm/occupation/profession) Ta h fi u ;'_; -t x r <� , s f e i- (Y L_�•�: ( / C i'1 1 I t/ I /t C`__J J G� l" /� `�� l.• !"� i^ _ ! �_r CIVIC, PROFESSIONAL, COMMUNITY ACTMTIES G r , ,��yrr7rt ���., (Jc t•c.l % i t'7 /9 y3 Z <2// n,, PUBLIC EXPERIENCE (Elective or Appointive) /V A EDUCATION 7 e r C C I Briefly list aspects of your experience which you believe qualify you for this advisory board/commission and why you are interested in serving: T l�_►;_t/cn f-u .- � /�:�;,t,e� c. n the r� Tr 3 �� O� V �t •) �•' 6.77 c i c1 L 1. X1'1 />'1 h • 1' ` lam-. — V (J �' C: f / t f ' C C._ 17u - 1 5 b- S l�r,�y�� T ci b Q 7` T!1' :� v' =- r c j fJ r c v-r: ►-�, e r �7 I h r h�1d /7r� �rC- ;3 1J r•� t- �.:(c +� �'l1�r._h 5 C�_ -1. v. + c 1 c_ " , n * � r t /� ; . j r- (+ jyZ1ti7 + n •' % �J < (For additional space, use reverse side of application) APPOINTMENT PREFERENCE: PLANNING COMMISSION HERITAGE PRESERVATION BOARD PARK BOARD HUMAN RELATIONS COMMISSION ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS CONSTRUC'T'ION BOARD OF APPEALS ART CENTER COMMITTEE COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICE RECYCLING & SOLID WASTE ADVISORY COMMITTEE COMMISSION ( o or m u h t T d t►� -� .$.� r, c r- 43 DATE- 1,99,4,4 SIGNATUREi•�. + (Return completed form to City Clerk's office) c i r o J 14,4 VI S 4' )- _ Ym 6 A. 4 9i�11'� e REPORT /RECOMMENDATION o �J �y •," less TO: Mayor & City Council FROM: Francis Hoffman/ City Engineer DATE: SUBJECT: 20 June, 1994 Feasibility Report - Improvement S -67 Valley Lane Sidewalk Set Hearing Date - July 5, 1994 Recommendation: Agenda Item # yI . E. 0 Consent Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA 0 To Council Action ® Motion ❑ Resolution ❑ Ordinance ❑ Discussion Set Public Hearing Date of July 5, 1994 for sidewalk project on Valley Lane. , Info /Background: The City received a petition for the portion of sidewalk on Valley Lane between #5501 and #5521. Staff reviewed the petition and project area and would agree the project is feasible. The estimated cost is $20,488.00 which would be funded thru State Aid gas funds. We therefore recommend the Public Hearing on July 5, 1994. REPORT/RECOMMENDATION InfoBackground: Staff has received a request from the prospective tenants of 3910 West 50th Street concerning their use of the public sidewalk for restaurant purposes. The attached packet has been submitted by the prospective tenants which explains their proposal in detail. Section 1230 of the City Code contains two provisions which prohibit private restaurant usage on public sidewalks. The first provision states that no person may park or occupy a street or sidewalk to sell farm produce or any other product or property. (As you know, the City permits food carts in the 50th & France area by special permit). The code also provides that no person shall consume intoxicating or non - intoxicating wine or liquor on public sidewalks. It is our understanding that the proposed tenant would intend to apply for wine and beer licenses for this establishment. Based on the comments contained in the proponent's memorandum, it appears that the proposed signage for the establishment does not comply with the sign ordinance. According to the sign ordinance, projecting signs, (i.e. signs which project over a sidewalk) are permitted within the commercial district, but are limited to 10 square feet in area. Although it is difficult to measure the proposed sign, it appears to approximate 20 square feet in area. Agenda Item # VI.E. TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL ❑ Consent FROM: CORDON L HUGHES Information Only ❑ Mgr. Recommends ❑ To HRA DATE: JUNE 20, 1994 © To Council SUBJECT: Action ❑ Motion OUTDOOR DINING - ❑ 50TH & FRANCE Resolution ® Ordinance © Discussion InfoBackground: Staff has received a request from the prospective tenants of 3910 West 50th Street concerning their use of the public sidewalk for restaurant purposes. The attached packet has been submitted by the prospective tenants which explains their proposal in detail. Section 1230 of the City Code contains two provisions which prohibit private restaurant usage on public sidewalks. The first provision states that no person may park or occupy a street or sidewalk to sell farm produce or any other product or property. (As you know, the City permits food carts in the 50th & France area by special permit). The code also provides that no person shall consume intoxicating or non - intoxicating wine or liquor on public sidewalks. It is our understanding that the proposed tenant would intend to apply for wine and beer licenses for this establishment. Based on the comments contained in the proponent's memorandum, it appears that the proposed signage for the establishment does not comply with the sign ordinance. According to the sign ordinance, projecting signs, (i.e. signs which project over a sidewalk) are permitted within the commercial district, but are limited to 10 square feet in area. Although it is difficult to measure the proposed sign, it appears to approximate 20 square feet in area. REPORT/RECONINMNDATION - OUTDOOR DINING - 50TH & FRANCE June 20, 1994 Page two The proponents have asked that the City Council consider amending the ordinances in question to permit their proposed use of the sidewalk area. If the Council wishes, staff can prepare ordinance amendments for your consideration at the July 5, 1994, Council meeting. Based upon our initial review, such ordinance amendments could provide for an annual encroachment permit for such sidewalk restaurants. The proposal concerning the exterior signage is more problematic in our opinion. However, staff can prepare sign ordinance amendments for your consideration if you wish. Location: Owners /Operators: ROUTH STREET INVESTMENTS • NORTH THE CONSERVATORY ON NICOLLET 800 NICOLLET MALL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA SS402 612 • 332 • 2540 3910 W. 50th Street John Dayton Wayne Kostroski Mark Haugen Concept: A neighborhood restaurant designed to present a dining experience that is fun, inexpensive, and suited to families as well as singles and couples. the objective is to have this restaurant feel established, and encourage frequent usage by the immediate and extended neighborhood. Cost of Menu: All menu items are priced below $10.00; beyond the physical design, the "feel" of the menu is planned to speak to a casual and active diner. Design: In an effort to address the most critical elements of need for the area in general and to the space specifically, we have planned to include a visible cooking area, counter seating, an established feeling decor, and an outdoor seating area. One of the most important elements necessary to speak to a "pedestrian friendly" need in the area is the design & usage of the facade on the south side (50th). It is planned to include a "patio" feel with a cut back area inward to folding glass doors, and an extension of the front line to accommodate tables onto the sidewalk; privately controlled. Awnings would be above the sidewalk seated areas, with a railing separation below. Signage: Because of the high level of vehicular traffic, it is important to capture the energy of the restaurant space by having a sign that is a projection from the building. It not only serves the purpose of identification, but by design would provide another level of excitement to the streetscape. Both of the above elements are for consideration by the City of Edina, and we hope that they will meet your approval on Monday. We welcome your feedback and questions. qo-t�'A7f, e.! L, ow s An American Restaurant THE GALLERY Private Dining & Meetings 01,400 TE AS Cuisine Of The Southwest 332 • 4800 332 • 1065 375 • o800 ROUTH STREET INVESTMENTS • NORTH THE CONSERVATORY ON NICOLLET 800 NICOLLET MALL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 55402 6x2 •332 • 2540 JOHN W. DAYTON In 1983 John Dayton left the world of law and entered the world of cuisine. Today he is recognized as the co -owner of several of the nation's most outstanding and innovative restaurants. Dayton, a Minnesota- native, received his early education at the Taft School in Watertown, Connecticut. He attended The University of Minnesota where he graduated in 1968 with a double major in English and Speech. Upon graduation he joined the staff of The University of Minnesota as the Assistant Director of Admissions and taught undergraduate speech. His teaching career was interrupted in 1969 by a two -year stint in the military. His military commitment completed, he returned to his faculty position at The University of Minnesota where he began to entertain thoughts of another career direction. He entered Texas Tech University School of Law in Lubbock, he was a distinguished scholar, serving as an editor of the law review and graduating third in his class. Following graduation he remained in Texas, joining the Dallas firm of Thompson, Knight, Simmons & Bullion, where he specialized in real estate law. Five years later he was named a partner of the firm. After seven years of active practice, Dayton resigned from the firm December, 1982 for what he terms "a self - imposed career analysis." Eleven months later, he opened Routh Street Cafe with a partner, Stephan Pyles. The restaurant's five -star rating consistently kept it on the list of the nation's premier restaurants. Determined to create a restaurant "designed to complement, not compete" with Routh Street Cafe, Dayton and Pyles introduced an offspring in December 1985 -- Baby Routh. Despite the eventual closure of Routh Street Cafe in early 1993, Dayton continues to own and operate the ever more popular Baby Routh. In October 1987, Goodfellow's and Tejas restaurants, both located in Dayton's hometown of Minneapolis, were opened. In partnership with Wayne Kostroski' these two restaurants have consistently been recognized as the Twin Cities premier dining establishments for quality food and service. qcrvtil -J�.l Low 's An Arun- erican R- estaurant -more- T H E G A L L E R Y Private Dining & Meetings owo T E Cuisine Of The Southwest 332 • 4800 332 • xo65 375 • o800 Dayton gives generously of his time and expertise to the communities that have welcomed his restaurants so graciously. He currently serves as Chairman of the Board of The Dallas Opera following two years as President. He has previously served as Chair of the Dallas County Youth Village, a residential treatment facility for juvenile offenders. He is a Trustee of The Hockaday School, executive committee member of The Dallas Zoological Society and former board member of ChildCare Dallas. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of The Taft School, Watertown, Connecticut. Dayton and his wife Arlene reside in Dallas with their two children, Chad, 19, and Whitney, 15. October, 1993 ROUTH STREET INVESTMENTS • NORTH THE CONSERVATORY ON NICOLLET 800 NICOLLET MALL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 55402 612 .332.2S40 WAYNE A. KOSTROSKI - BIOGRAPHY- Managing Partner, Routh Street Investments North Goodfellow's/Tej as As Managing Partner for Routh Street Investments North, Wayne Kostroski oversees the strategic planning, management and operations of Goodfellow's and Tejas, two restaurants he opened in October, 1987, with his Texas -based partners, John Dayton and Stephan Pyles. Both restaurants are located in The Conservatory on Nicollet in downtown Minneapolis. Originally a professional musician based in Wisconsin, Kostroski made the transition from music to restaurants in late 1977 when he took the position of beverage and entertainment manager for the Chanhassen Dinner Theaters for Bloomberg Companies in Chanhassen, Minnesota. While with Bloomberg Companies, Kostroski also directed food and beverage operations and participated in the restoration of the St. James Hotel, a 104 year -old structure located in Red Wing, Minnesota, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1980, he teamed with Restaurant Resource Group, Inc. (RRG) and helped plan the opening of the Twin Cities first Northern Italian restaurant, Pronto Ristorante in May, 1981. While managing partner with RRG he and the company opened new operations throughout Minneapolis, St. Paul and central Michigan. Kostroski was also co- creator of Figho, the Italian bistro, which opened in 1984 in the Uptown area of Minneapolis. Kostroski left RRG in November, 1986, joining partner Robin Getman in forming InterACT Group, a management consulting and training firm. Kostroski consulted with Dayton and Pyles on the opening of Tejas and Goodfellow's restaurants, and in May, 1987, he became managing director for RSI -North serving as the conduit between the Texas owners and the Minneapolis management and staff. In January, 1990, Kostroski became a partner with RSI - North. Kostroski presently chairs the Joint Legislative Committee for the Hotel, Resort and Restaurant Associations, which sets legislative policy for the hospitality industry in Minnesota. He is a six year member of the board and serves as a Past President of the Minnesota Restaurant Association. He has chaired the Communications Committee, the Joint Education Committee, and the Membership Committee. An American Restaurant -more- T H E G A L L E R Y Private Dining & Meetings 4 T E Cuisine Of The Southwest 332 • 4800 332-1065 375 • o800 KOSTROSKI Add One Kostroski also serves on the Board of Directors of the Upper Midwest Hospitality Association, the governing body that oversees the Minnesota Restaurant Association, as well as the Minnesota Hotel and Resort He is a key_ contact for the National Restaurant. Association. In Summer, 1992, Kostroski was named Marketer of the Year by Hospitality Management magazine, as well as National Retailer of the month by Beverage Media magazine. In March, 1993, Kostroski was presented with the 1993 Great American Restaurateur Award from Sullivan College. The award is presented to an "outstanding restaurateur who, through a distinguished career in the industry, has exemplified dedication to quality food preparation, service and consistency." A highly successful fundraiser, Kostroski serves on the Board of Directors of Share Our Strength (SOS), a national organization of chefs and restaurateurs which supports regional, national and international hunger relief agencies. He also chairs the Minnesota Taste of the Nation, which has raised in excess of $600,000 in six years for hunger relief. Locally he serves as a member of the Board of Directors for the Second Harvest Food St. Paul Food Bank. When the Super Bowl was held in Minneapolis in 1992, Kostroski co- chaired the Restaurant Committee for the 1992 Super Bowl XXVI Task Force. That year, Kostroski created and chaired the first Super Bowl "Taste of the NFL" event which brought the top chef and alumni player from each of the NFL cities to Minneapolis on the Saturday prior to Super Bowl Sunday. Proceeds of the 1992 Taste of the NFL topped $90,000, and were distributed to local, national and international hunger relief agencies. Subsequent Taste of the NFL events followed at the 1993 Super Bowl in Los Angeles, and the 1994 Super Bowl in Atlanta. More than $270,000 has been raised for hunger relief to date through this event. Kostroski is active in the downtown Minneapolis business community, and is a member of the Board of Directors of the Greater Minneapolis Convention and Visitors Association (GMCVA), and founded and co- chairs the Association of Downtown Restaurant Owners. He serves on the Board of Directors of the Minneapolis Downtown Council, and is also a member of Council's Downtown Marketing Committee. As a member of this committee, Kostroski helped create and orchestrate Holidazzle, a series of twenty -six downtown holiday parades which began in 1992. Kostroski resides in Edina with his wife, Eda, daughters Lya and Judith, and son Peter. He is active in the Edina community, coaching soccer and basketball, and serving on the Board of Directors for the Edina Soccer Association. -more- Affiliations and Associations Summary National Board Member, Share Our Strength (SOS) National Board Member, The End Hunger Network Founder and National Chair, Taste of the NFL Honorary Chair, Oxfam Hunger Banquet Board Member, Upper Midwest Hospitality Association Board Member, Minnesota Chamber of Commerce Board Member, Greater Minneapolis Convention and Visitors Association Board Member, Minneapolis Downtown Council Board Member, Second Harvest St. Paul Food Bank Board Member, Edina Soccer Association Chair, Joint Legislative Committee (Upper Midwest Hospitality Association) Member, Minneapolis Downtown Marketing Committee Key Contact, National Restaurant Association Member, Minneapolis 2010 Committee Member, Target Center Task Force Member, 2001 Final Four Host Committee Past Board Member, Minnesota Tourism Council Member, 1992 Super Bowl Task Force Committee Chair, Restaurant Committee, 1992 Final Four Host Committee Marketer of the Year, Hospitality Management magazine, Summer, 1992 National Retailer of the Month, Beverage Media magazine, Summer 1992 Great American Restaurateur Award, Sullivan College, March 1993 rW T E CUISINE OF THE SOUTHWEST Mark llaugen Executive Chef Tejas As Executive Chef of Tejas, Mark Haugen helped introduce the first authentic southwestern - style gourmet cuisine to the Upper Midwest in 1987. From its beginning. Tejas attracted diners - and attention- with its desert ambiance and open kitchen. offering a full view of the food preparation taking place under Haugen's direction. Cited by Esquire magazine as on of 1988's ten most exciting new restaurants, the popular downtown Minneapolis attraction won national recognition for its Southwestern cuisine. It has also been featured in, Cosmopolitan. Cook's_ Magazine, U.S.., Restaurant News. and Food & Wine. Recently, the Prodiice Marketing Association awarded Haugen second place in its National Salad Contest. Haugen has been an active committee member for both, Twelve Baskets, the Twin Cities food distribution program for the Second Harvest Food Bank and for the Taste of the Nation, the hunger relief effort of Minneapolis and St. Paul area restaurants that is one of the most successful and best attended . fundraising events in the nation. Along with these local events, he has also participated in the Annual Taste of the NFI, Hunger Benefit, Meals on Wheels benefits in Los Angeles and New York City, and Hurricane Relief and Cystic Fibrosis benefits in Florida. In 1990, Haugen was a key member of the team that prepared the. state dinner at the Gover.ner's Mansion in St. Pahl,. honoring Mikhail Gorbachev. In addition to being invited to prepare dinner at the prestigious James Beard House in New York City. he has also taught cooking classes at Key Largo's Ocean Reef Cliih, and was chosen in 1991 to assist. the Great Chefs Cooking Series at the Mondavi Vineyards. When he first came to the brand -new Tejas, Haugen brought a creative background in classical French Cuisine that he applied to the indigenous southwestern cooking styles and flavors made famoils by Chef Stephan Pyles. Haugen had learned cooking at several Minneapolis dining spots while working his way through the University of Minnesota. After graduation in 1.981.. he joined the staff of the 51.0 Restaurant, where he worked with some of the area's most creative and innovative chefs. before becoming chef and general manager there. himself. He traces his early interest in cooking to his grandmother's kitchen, as he watched her prepare Old World dishes from her native Greece. THE CONSERVATORY ON NICOLLET 800 NICOLLET MALL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA 55402 612-375-0800 TAKE OUT 612.375. 1132 FAx 612.375.9479 Aid v w 40A do Ir Ak dkv T 41 it f ;, � t i � t t `i f ,� � E Butler Square, Suite 300A 100 North Sixth Street H E A Minneapolis, Moll 55403 612 339 2257 phone A R C H I T E C T S, I N C, 612 349 2930 tax FACADE ELEVATION- Buller 1��, �� - I �- o �� G•o4.94 A H E A North ixth Street Minne po Ss, MN 612 339 2257 phone R R C H I T E C T S, I N C. 612 349 2930 lax EXISTING CONDITIONS NO SCALE AR CHIT E C T S, I N C. Butler Square Suite 300A 100 North Sixth Street Minneapolis, MN 55403 612 339 2257 phone 612 349 2930 lax IIEA Butler Square Suite 300A 100 North Sixth Street Minneapolis, MN 55403 612 339 2257 phone 612 349 2930 lax � I 1 5'(e Igo" 4.0 p NININ6 mim I I ij 1 t N,77,. ; f . .` r • � o 4✓ Itla00 T --%L-- 111= - Butler Square, Suite 300A S H E A 100 North Sixth Street Minneapolis, MN 5503 612 339 2257 phone ARCIITECT8,IIC. :1234:2930 lax , S H E A u..+.r,o.a un SyN sera � asr owr sera 39 aW m CONI _H PRP3W-T -MTt.E: PKOP05fiC RV-srAv RANT' 50TH & FRANCE EDINA,MN. SCHEMATIC #5 n. a•r... M1.r � nu. eaecE nu.:ra.wee wr�"i.rw rraE+ ne r. +rr ne <r.n � ++EVr• O.IE •te Nrl r}wi Serra. 114• parr Jun* 12 1994 f EM 7435.00 FI-. . A A C H I T E C I :, I I C. S K. 6 REPORT%RECOMMENDATION Recommendation: Adoption of a resolution setting July 18, 1994, as hearing date on the petition to vacate storm sewer easement on Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition. InfoBackground: A petition has been filed with the City requesting vacation of a storm sewer easement on Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition (6200 Cornelia Drive). Staff would recommend that July 18, 1994, be set as hearing date to consider the petition so that publishing and mailing requirements can be met. Copy of petition is attached. Agenda Item # VILA TO: MAYOR AND COUNCIL Consent I x FROM: MARCELLA DAEHN, Information Only 17 CLERK Mgr. Recommends 11 To HRA DATE: . 18, 1994 M To Council SUBJECT: PETITION TO VACATE STORM SEWER Action r Motion EASEMENT - LOT 159 BLOCK 1, SOUTHDALE El Resolution FIRST ADDITION ❑ Ordinance Discussion Recommendation: Adoption of a resolution setting July 18, 1994, as hearing date on the petition to vacate storm sewer easement on Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition. InfoBackground: A petition has been filed with the City requesting vacation of a storm sewer easement on Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition (6200 Cornelia Drive). Staff would recommend that July 18, 1994, be set as hearing date to consider the petition so that publishing and mailing requirements can be met. Copy of petition is attached. CITY OF EHidA 4801 V. 50TH STREET .DI^.A, M=:. SOTA 55424 P 'nTTC EICHT OF 1WAY VACI.TIOP: APPLICATTOl Date ___itiated June 15, 1994 .L hereby petition the City Council of the City of Edi ^.a to vacate ail of t`e following described public right of way: Street Alley Utility Easement Partial vacation of storm sewer Drainage Easement x Other easement in doc. no. 639A11 (describe) Dons ``e area pronosed to be vacated or any part thereof te=inate at or abut upon a ^v Dublic water? no ..egal cesc= intion of area pronosed to be vacated: (see attached) Attsched copy of scaled drawing showing in full detail the proposed vacation. ,_r =a. ^ee. $100.00 Applicant EDITH B. COLE pri��,:nam�e)� Signature Address 6900 Cornelia Drive Edina, MN 55435 Telephone 1�t� -- -I °800 M.S. 412.851 .! �Y LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF LAND TO BE VACATED: The northeasterly 3.5 feet of the northwesterly 32 feet of the southeasterly 65 feet of the southwesterly 10 feet (said 10 foot strip being parallel to and adjacent to the southwesterly lot line) of Lot 15, Block 1, Southdale First Addition Hennepin County, Minnesota, Dear Elected Official: We are writing this letter as concerned fellow City . Council Members as a-City Member of the League of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust (L.M.C.I.T.). We are asking for your consideration and support on a matter that has gone on for much too long and has sapped the resources of each of the three involved City Council Members. We believe, and the Minnesota Court of Appeals agrees that City Council Members should be entitled to reasonable legal defense coverage thru the L.M.C.I.T.. The attorneys for the L.M.C.I.T. disagree and have chosen to add to all parties expense and Appeal to the Minnesota Supreme Court. This action was brought in November of 1991 in regard to a June emergency discussion to repair a well in the Afton City Park prior to the Fourth of July celebration. The original complaint alleged that the Mayor violated the open meeting law with two Council Members on three separate and unrelated occasions. The complaint asked that the statutory penalty be imposed ($100) and that the Mayor and the two involved Council. Members be removed from office. An elected official can be removed from office for three violations of the open meeting law. The courts have found only one unintentional violation and no evidence of any other open meeting law violations. In their defense the three City Council Members have incurred over $60,000 in legal expenses. The Minnesota Court of Appeals ruled on March 8, 1994 that the L.M.C.I.T. has a duty to defend and ordered them to do so. L.M.C.I.T. attorneys have chosen to Appeal the charge to the Minnesota Supreme Court. All around Minnesota Communities thought in joining the League of Minnesota Cities Insurance Trust they would receive legal defense coverage. The Court of Appeals says they should! In Afton, a single citizens effort to remove a Mayor and two City Council Members from public office has failed. The cost of survivory on their Public Offices is $60,000 to the involved Council Members. This is the type of event that is extraordinary, beyond budget and one for which cities purchase insurance. At least Afton thought it had purchased such insurance. City of Afton — 3033 St. Croix Trail So. Box 386, Afton, AM 55001 We are enclosing a Resolution that would direct the League of Minnesota Cities Insurance trust to comply with the Appeals Court decision. We ask that you place this.matter on your City Councils agenda at the earliest possible date and show your support for Afton or your concern for the issue by passing the attached resolution and forwarding a copy to the L.M.C.I.T. and the City of Afton. We thank _you for your time and consideration on this matter. Respectfully, Charlotte Farago Ward 3 Non - Litigants City of Afton Daniel O'Neill Ward 4 'A RESOLUTION 1994 -11 -CITY OF AFTON WASHINGTON COUNTY, MINNESOTA A RESOLUTION DIRECTING THE LMCIT TO COMPLY WITH THE COURT OF APPEALS DECISION REGARDING - AFTON CITY OFFICIALS WHEREAS, elected City officials from the City of Afton have been in litigation since November, 1991, and WHEREAS, this litigation has resulted in legal fees of approximately $60,000, and WHEREAS, these fees are the result of defending their right to hold public office as elected officials, and WHEREAS, the District Court states that the defendants did not conspire to meet and the Court of Appeals states that their one violation was "within the reasonable and lawful performance of public duties" and the violation was "unintentional... an unfortunate misstep - -a stumble- - while the appellants went about the performance of legitimate public services ", and WHEREAS, there was no personal benefit to these City officials, and WHEREAS, Afton is a member of the LMCIT pool, an insurance trust designed so that cities can help each other during times of unanticipated financial trouble, and WHEREAS, the Court of Appeals has ruled that this pool does offer coverage for defense of these types of minor violations, and WHEREAS, the LMCIT has now begun to offer insurance, at an additional premium to member cities, which specifically covers those situations already determined to be covered by the Court of Appeals decision, and WHEREAS, the LMCIT has appealed this Court of Appeals decision to the Minnesota Supreme Court, and WHEREAS, this appeal will cost the LMCIT and its member cities, and also the elected officials of Afton, considerable time, resources, and thousands of additional dollars, 'e RESOLUTION 1994 -11 PAGE 2 NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY. COIINCIL OF Afton that it direct the LMCIT to dismiss its appeal to the State Supreme Court, and to reimburse the elected officials from the City of Afton for their legal expenses resulting from litigation originating in November of 1994, BE'IT ALSO RESOLVED, that copies of this resolution be sent to LMCIT offices in St. Paul and to the City of Afton. ADOPTED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF AFTON THIS 10TH DAY OF MAY, 1994. 1A � Daniel O'Neill, Councilmember Acting Chair ATTEST: Alex Wikstrom, City Administrator APPROVED AS TO FORM: Thomas J. o City Attorney v T r COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 1 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION-- - - - - -- -- - - - - -- INVOICE - - - -- _PROGRAM -- - OBJECT- - - - - -- PO -NUM_- - - - -- ---------------------------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $50.00 A LOLLIPOP EXPERIENCE - - - -- PERFORM CL /EB 062594 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146472 $50.00* 06/20/94 $7.84 A.M.F. 3 WEATHER TEXT BOOKS 061094 GENERAL MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 146473 $7.84* 06/20/94 $43.00 AAGARD ENVIRONMENTAL S RECYCLING 6941425 YORK OCCUPANCY RUBBISH REMOVA 06/20/94 $43.00 AAGARD ENVIRONMENTAL S RECYCLING 6941424 50TH ST OCCUPA RUBBISH REMOVA 06/20/94 $43.00 AAGARD ENVIRONMENTAL S RECYCLING 6941423 VERNON OCCUPAN RUBBISH REMOVA 146474 $129.00* 06/20/94 $133.13 ADVANCE LIGHTING INC CONTRACTED REPAIRS 42551 ARENA BLDG /GRO CONTR REPAIRS 146475 - $133.13* 06/20/94 $60.57 AEI ELECTRONIC PARTS REPAIR PARTS 007140 CLUB HOUSE REPAIR PARTS 146476 $60.57* 06/20/94 $4.85 ALBINSON GENERAL SUPPLIES 313143 ED ADMINISTRAT GENERAL SUPPLI 146477 $4.85* 06/20/94 $69.23 ALCO CAPITAL RESOURCE EQUIPMENT RENTAL 22180968 ART CENTER ADM EQUIP RENTAL 146478 $69.23* 06/20/94 $41.50 ALL FIRE TEST INC REPAIR PARTS 13987 PW BUILDING REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $116.50 ALL FIRE TEST INC ACCESSORIES 14141 EQUIPMENT OPER ACCESSORIES 146479 $158.00* 06/20/94 $191.70 ALPHAGRAPHICS PRINTING 21178 POOL TRACK GRE PRINTING 06/20/94 $184.25 ALPHAGRAPHICS PRINTING 21263 'POOL TRACK GRE PRINTING 146480 $375.95* 06/20/94 $12.99 ALTERNATOR REBUILD REPAIR PARTS 22934 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146481 $12.99* 06/20/94 $43.26 AMERICAN LASER CUT GRA COURTNEY ,FIELD SIGN 90445 ATHLETIC ACTIV GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $76.09 AMERICAN LASER CUT GRA POOL SIGNS 90445 POOL OPERATION GENERAL SUPPLI 146482 $119.35* 06/20/94 $64.14 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 YORK OCCUPANCY LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $64.66 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 GRILL LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $57.28 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 50TH ST OCCUPA LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $12.46 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 LABORATORY LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $206.43 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 CITY HALL GENE LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $66.74 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 VERNON OCCUPAN LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $167.68 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 POOL TRACK GRE LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $255.00 AMERICAN LINEN LAUNDRY 053194 FIRE DEPT. GEN LAUNDRY 146483 $894.39* 06/20/94 $65.86 AMERICAN SERVICES CORP GENERAL SUPPLIES 001377 YORK SELLING GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $63.20 AMERICAN SERVICES CORP GENERAL SUPPLIES. 01374 50TH ST OCCUPA GENERAL SUPPLI Page 2 COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT - - - - - - - - VENDOR DESCRIPTIONINVOICE - -- - - - - - - - -- PROGRAM - - - -- OBJECT------ - -PO.- NUM_ - -- - - - - - -- 146484 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $129.06 * 06/20/94 $105.00 AMERICAN WATERWORKS A GENERAL SUPPLIES 359282 -1 WATER TREATMEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146485 $105.00* 06/20/94 $3,917.87 AMERIDATA EQUIPMENT REPLACEMEN 473736 EQUIPMENT REPL EQUIP REPLACEM 146486 $3,917.87* 06/20/94 $454.64 ANDROC PRODUCTS INC WEED SPRAY 00158100 GENERAL TURF .0 WEED SPRAY 146487 $454.64* 06/20/94 $35.00 APC6 DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 060694 POLICE DEPT. G DUES & SUBSCRI 146488 $35.00* 06/20/94 $22.31 AQUA ENGINEERING SPRINKLER HEAD 6927 SNOW & ICE REM GENERAL SUPPLI 146489 $22.31* 06/20/94 $64.37 ARROYO TIRE COMPANY GENERAL SUPPLIES 59439 RANGE GENERAL SUPPLI 146490 $64.37* 06/20/94 $1,560.00 ASPEN NURSERY INC SPRUCE TREES 94117 GC CIP CIP 146491 $1,560.00* 06/20/94 $28.89 AT & T INFO SYSTEM TELEPHONE 52115925 ART CENTER BLD TELEPHONE 146492 $28.89* 06/20/94 $14.62 AT &T CONSUMER PRODUCTS TELEPHONE 052594 052694 PUMP & LIFT ST PUMP & LIFT ST TELEPHONE TELEPHONE. 06/20/94 $14.62 AT &T CONSUMER PRODUCTS TELEPHONE 146493 $29:24* 06/20/94 $31.56 AT &T TELEPHONE 051894 ED BUILDING & TELEPHONE 146494 $31.56* 06/20/94 $100.71 AUGIE'S MOBILE CHEF CA COST OF GOODS SOLD F 25796 NORMANDALE GC CST OF GD FOOD CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $35.19 AUGIE'S MOBILE CHEF CA COST OF GOODS SOLD F 053194 NORMANDALE GC 146495 $135.90* 06/20/94 $35.00 AUTOMOBILE SERVICE CEN CONTRACTED REPAIRS 24008 EQUIPMENT OPER CONTR REPAIRS 146496 $35.00* 06/20/94 $544.47 AVR INC CONCRETE 8163 8564. DISTRIBUTION GENERAL STORM CONCRETE FILL MATERIALS 06/20/94 $248.05 AVR INC FILL MATERIALS CONCRETE 8279 DISTRIBUTION CONCRETE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $354.08 $416.89 AVR INC AVR INC CONCRETE 8016 DISTRIBUTION CONCRETE 146497 $1,563.49* 06/20/94 $19.06. AXT, LYLE COST OF GOODS SOLD F 061494 GUN RANGE CST OF GD FOOD 146498 $19.06* 06/20/94 $357.68 B & S INDUSTRIES INC SPRAY CHALK 30203 GENERAL MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI n r COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 3 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT. VENDOR DESCRIPTION -------- ------------ ------------- INVOICE ------------------------------ - - - - -- - --------------- OBJECT - -- 146499 - - ----- 146499 - - - - -- -------------------------------------------GRAM $357.68* 06/20/94 $1,471.91 BACHMANS PLANTS TREES, FLOWERS, SHRU 62679 63680 PENDING TRANSF CENTENNIAL LAK CIP TREES FL SHR 06/20/94 06/20/94 $426.00 $2,284.26 BACHMANS BACHMANS PLANTINGS & TREES 60710 TREES,& MAINTE TREES PLANT & TREES 06/20/94 $144.76 BACHMANS TREES, FLOWERS, SHRU 62679 CENTENNIAL LAK TREES FLWR SHR 146500 $4,326.93* 06/20/94 $26.90 BAILEY NURSERIES PLANTINGS & TREES 9021828 TREES & MAINTE PLANT & TREES 146501 $26.90* 06/20/94 $465.85 BALLOMATIC INC BAG RACK 13027 GC CIP CIP .146502 $465.85* 06/20/94 $2,450.00 BARRY SIEWERT CREATION PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 8234T CENTENNIAL LAK PROF SERVICES 146503 $2,450.00* 06/20/94 $40.00 BATTLE, MARY REFUND SWIMMING 060894 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146504 $40.00* 06/20/94 $1,475.40 BECKER ARENA PRODUCT MACHINERY & EQUIPMEN 017761 EDINB /CL FROG, ARENA ICE MAIN MACH. & EQUIP GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $890.37 BECKER ARENA PRODUCT GENERAL SUPPLIES 017730 146505 $2,365.77* 06/20/94 $375.00 BEDIENT, SHIRLE AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146506 $375.00* 06/20/94 $85.00 BELL, BRUCE MENIER PERFORM CL /EB. 070994 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146507 $85.00* 06/20/94 $115.33 BELLBOY CORPORATION COST OF GOODS SOLD B 56513 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 146508 $115.33* 06/20/94 $40.00 BELTRAND, DEBBIE REFUND EM WATER SAFE 060394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146509 $40.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 BENNETT, WAYNE POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146510 $100.00* - 06/20/94 $272.80 BERGFORD TRUCKING LIQUOR DELIVERY 060194/Y YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 06/20/94 $323.40 BERGFORD TRUCKING LIQUOR DELIVERY 060194/V VERNON SELLING CST OF'GD LIQU 06/20/94 $172.50 BERGFORD TRUCKING LIQUOR DELIVERY 060194/5 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 146511 $768.70* 06/20/94 $251.43 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES 1439140 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $45.41 BERTELSON BROS. INC. OFFICE SUPPLIES 1438980 POLICE DEPT. G OFFICE SUPPLIE 06/20/94 $28.56 BERTELSON BROS. INC. REPAIR PARTS 1439141 CENT SVC GENER REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 - $12.76 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES CM140091 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $104.24 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES 1422130 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $30.46 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES 1425590 FINANCE GENERAL SUPPLI Page 4 COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION ---------- INVOICE - - - - - -- - - -- PROGRAM ----- OBJECT - - - --- -- _- - - - -PO -NUM,_ ______ 06/20/94 $12.79 ---------------- BERTELSON BROS. INC. ------------- GENERAL SUPPLIES 1422130 PARK ADMIN. GENERAL SUPPLI SUPPLI 06/20/94 $5.43 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES SUPPLIES 1422130 1422130 ENGINEERING GE ADMINISTRATION GENERAL GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $44.85 $7.84 BERTELSON BROS. INC. BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL OFFICE SUPPLIES 1378182 ART CENTER ADM OFFICE SUPPLIE 06/20/94 $18.77 BERTELSON BROS. INC. OFFICE SUPPLIES .1412690 ED ADMINISTRAT CENT SVC GENER OFFICE SUPPLIE GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $67.88 BERTELSON BROS. INC. BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES GENERAL SUPPLIES 1461490 1462090 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $26.27 $10.36 BERTELSON BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES 1462090 FINANCE PARK ADMIN. GENERAL SUPPLI GENERAL SUPPLI . 06/20/94 $82.81 BERTELSON BROS. INC. GENERAL SUPPLIES 1462090 146512 $724.34* 06/20/94 $22.52 BEST LOCKING SYSTEMS 0 GENERAL SUPPLIES 004872 004611 SKATING & HOCK CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $69.01 BEST LOCKING SYSTEMS 0 GENERAL SUPPLIES 146513 $91.53* 06/20/94 $263.50 BEST MAID COOKIE COMPA COOKIES 0383 POOL CONCESSIO CST OF GD FOOD 146514 $263.50* 06/20/94 $5,105.56 BFI OF MN INC REFUSE 940500 50TH STREET RU PROF SERVICES 146515 $5,105.56* 06/20/94 $39,779.77 BFI RECYCLING SYS RECYCLING CONTRACT 94050070 RECYCLING EQUIP RENTAL 146516 $39,779.77* 06/20/94 $114.00 BIERSDORF, PAT REFUND SWIMMING 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146517 $114.00* 06/20/94 $130.52 BIFFS INC SATELLITE B1026281 012218 MAINT OF COURS FIELD MAINTENA RUBBISH REMOVA CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $65.26 BIFFS INC RESTROOM RENTAL RESTROOM RENTAL 012217 FIELD MAINTENA CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $65.26 BIFFS INC 146518 $261.04* 06/20/94 $11,320.74 BITUMINOUS ROADWAYS BLACKTOP 66990 STREET RENOVAT BLACKTOP 146519 $11,320.74 *. 06/20/94 $100.00 BLOOD, DAVID POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146520 $100.00 *. 06/20/94 $45.54 BOYER TRUCKS REPAIR PARTS 319311 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146521 $45.54* 06/20/94 $100.00 BRADLEY PRODUCTIONS PERFORM CL /EB 071694 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146522 $100.00* 06/20/94 $200.00 BRAEMAR GOLF COURSE INCREASE PETTY CASH 060194 GOLF PROG CHANGE FUND 146523 $200.00* 06/20/94 $561.00 BRAUN INTERTEC CONCRETE TESTING 023130 ST. IMPROV BA CIP CIP 06/20/94 94 0620 $1,108.50 BRAUN INTERTEC CONCRETE TESTING 023117 ST.0 IMPROV BA CIP COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 5 CHECK NO DATE CHECK DESCRIPTION INVOICE --- - ---- -M OBJECT -- NUM. 06/20/94 $300U 00 BRAUN INTERTEC CONCRETE TESTING 023138 V BA 06/20/94 $37.50 BRAUN INTERTEC CONCRETE TESTING PROF ENG SERVICES 023131 023139 SIDEWALK S I GENERAL MAINT CIP PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 06/20/94 $37.50 $267.25 BRAUN INTERTEC BRAUN INTERTEC CONCRETE TESTING 023118 ST. IMPROV BA CIP 146524 $2,349.25* 06/20/94 $90.12 BRISSMAN- KENNEDY INC CLEANING SUPPLIES 330149 ART CENTER BLD CLEANING SUPPL 146525 $90.12* 06/20/94 $75.00 BUDAS, STEVE PERFORM CL /EB 070994 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146526 $75.00* 06/20/94 $35.14 BUIE, BARBARA GENERAL SUPPLIES 060794 CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $31.90 BUIE, BARBARA POSTAGE OFFICE SUPPLIES 060794 060794 ED ADMINISTRAT ED ADMINISTRAT POSTAGE OFFICE SUPPLIE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $60.80 $7.06 BUIE, BARBARA BUIE, BARBARA GENERAL SUPPLIES 060794 ED ADMINISTRAT GENERAL SUPPLI 146527 $134.90* 06/20/94 $57.63 BUILDERS SQUARE TOOLS 14451069 CENTENNIAL LAK TOOLS 146528 $57.63* 06/20/94 $120.00 BUSH, MAGGIE REFUND SWIMMING 060794 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146529 $120.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 BUTLER, GEORGE POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146530 $100.00* 06/20/94 $421.74 CADY COMMUNICATIONS SERVICE CONTRACTS EQ 102746 CLUB HOUSE SVC CONTR EQUI 146531 $421.74* 06/20/94 $206.08 CALLAHAN, FRAN MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE MAY PUBLIC HEALTH MILEAGE 146532 $206.08* 06/20/94 $50.00 CANTON, JANET MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 061494 FINANCE MILEAGE 146533 $50.00* 06/20/94 $460.67 CARLSON PRINTING BUSINESS CARDS 60000 GOLF ADMINISTR PRINTING 06/20/94 $256.65 CARLSON PRINTING GENERAL SUPPLIES 59988 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 146534 $717.32* 06/20/94 $40.00 CARLSON, BARB REFUND SWIMMING 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146535 $40.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 CARLSON, CRAIG PERFORM CL /EB 070994 ED ADMINISTRAT PROF SERVICES 146536 $100.00* 06/20/94 $66.00 CARPENTER, SHELLEY REFUND TENNIS 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146537 $66.00* 06/20/94 $148.33 CASH REGISTER SALES OFFICE SUPPLIES 588561 GOLF ADMINISTR OFFICE SUPPLIE COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 6 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR ---- - ------------------------------------------------------- DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT ----- PO -NUM. ---------------------------------------- 146538 $148.33* 06/20/94 $122.80 CELLULAR ONE TELEPHONE 060994/B INSPECTIONS TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $72.27 CELLULAR ONE TELEPHONE 052794/J BUILDING MAINT TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $93.04 CELLULAR ONE CELLULAR PHONE BILL 052794/J PARK ADMIN. PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $19.86 CELLULAR ONE CELL PHONE 052794 DISTRIBUTION GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $25.92 CELLULAR ONE CELL PHONE 052794 DISTRIBUTION GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $13.55 CELLULAR ONE CELL PHONE 052794 DISTRIBUTION GENERAL SUPPLI 146539 $347.44* 06/20/94 $3,999.50 CENTERLINE IND INC TRAFFIC PAINT 5354 PAVEMENT MARKI PAINT 3190 146540 $3,999.50* 06/20/94 $127.00 CERES WOOD PRODUCTS SOD & BLACK DIRT 010493 TREES & MAINTE SOD & DIRT 146541 $127.00* 06/20/94 $50.00 CHESLER, LISA POOL SEASON TICKET 060894 POOL ADMIN SEASON TICKETS 146542 $50.00* 06/20/94 $96.00 CITY BEER COST OF GOODS SOLD B 76811 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $64.00 CITY BEER COST OF GOODS SOLD B 76620 .50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 146543 $160.00* 06/20/94 $34,252.00 CITY OF BLOOMINGTON PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 97 PUBLIC HEALTH PROF SERVICES 146544 $34,252.00* 06/20/94 $210.00 CITY OF EDINA POLICE D OFF DUTY OFFICERS MA 060294 EDINB /CL PROG. RENTAL INCOME 06/20/94 $280.00 CITY OF EDINA POLICE D OFF DUTY OFFICERS MA 060294 EDINB /CL PROG RENTAL INCOME 06/20/94 $350.00 CITY OF EDINA POLICE D OFF DUTY OFFICERS MA 0602 EDINB/CL PROG RENTAL INCOME 146545 $840.00* 06/20/94 $117.77 CITY OF RICHFIELD LIGHT & POWER 73034 GENERAL STORM LIGHT & POWER 146546 $117.77* 06/20/94 $14.38 CITY WIDE WINDOW SERVI WINDOW CLEANING 57053 50TH ST OCCUPA CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $14.38 CITY WIDE WINDOW SERVI WINDOW CLEANING 57051 YORK OCCUPANCY CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $14.38 CITY WIDE WINDOW SERVI WINDOW CLEANING 57052 VERNON OCCUPAN CONTR REPAIRS 146547 $43.14* 06/20/94 $1,100.00 CLASSIC PRO INVENTORY SUPPLIES 2415 GOLF PROG INVENTORY SUPP 146548 $1,100.00* 06/20/94 $40.00 CLOYD, TERI REFUND SWIMMING 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146549 $40.00* 06/20/94 $157.65 COCA COLA BOTTLING COM COST OF GOODS SOLD M 01544039 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $217.00 COCA COLA BOTTLING COM COST OF GOODS SOLD M 01488898 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $79.20 COCA COLA BOTTLING COM COST OF GOODS SOLD M 0148880 50TH ST SELLIN CST,OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $268.00 COCA COLA BOTTLING COM COST OF GOODS SOLD F 01390243 VANVALKENBURG CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $268.10 COCA COLA BOTTLING COM COST OF GOODS SOLD M 01440360 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 7 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT- - -- VENDOR DESCRIPTION - - - - -- - INVOICE - - - -- PROGRAM OBJECT - - -- - -PO- NUM__., -- - - - - -- 146550 - - -- - -- $989.95 06/20/94 $259.24 CONNEY SAFETY PRODUCTS SAFETY EQUIPMENT 63805000 PUMP & LIFT ST SAFETY EQUIPME 146551 $259.24* 06/20/94 $30.00 CONNOLLY, BOB PERFORM CL /EB 062594 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146552 $30.00* 06/20/94 $30.00 CONNOLLY, BOB PERFORM CL /EB 070994 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146553 $30.00* 06/20/94 $134.19 COPY EQUIPMENT INC. PARKLAWN PLAN PRINTI 0381495 ENGINEERING GE BLUE PRINTING 4497 146554 $134.19* 06/20/94 $213.78 COUNTRY CLUB TURF BENTGRASS SOD /NEW CO 1340 GC CIP SOD & DIRT 146555 $213.78* 06/20/94 $55.50 COUNTRY FLAGS GENERAL SUPPLIES 1708 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146556 $55.50* 06/20/94 $1,386.67 CRIMMINS MD, TIMOTHY J MEDICAL SERVICES JUNE 199 FIRE DEPT. GEN PROF SERVICES 146557 $1,386.67* 06/20/94 $97.51 CULLIGAN GENERAL SUPPLIES 053194 CITY HALL GENE GENERAL SUPPLI 146558 $97.51* 06/20/94 $123.84 CUSTOM FIRE APPARATUS GENERAL SUPPLIES 5106 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146559 $123.84* • 06/20/94 $100.00 CUSTOM REFRIGERATION I ICE MAKER REMOVAL 09062 GRILL PROF SERVICES 146560 _ $100.00* 06/20/94 $31.50 D.C. HEY CO. COPY MACHINE 4016321 ED ADMINISTRAT SVC CONTR EQUI 146561 $31.50* 06/20/94 $35.67 DAEHN, MARCELLA MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 060894 ADMINISTRATION MILEAGE 06/20/94 $22.00 DAEHN, MARCELLA MEETING EXPENSE 060894 ADMINISTRATION MEETING EXPENS 146562 $57.67* 06/20/94 $304.00 DAN G JOHNSON PLBG FAUCET KITCHEN 050594 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $58.00 DAN G JOHNSON PLBG DRAIN CLEANING 060194 FIRE DEPT. GEN CONTR REPAIRS 146563 $362.00* 06/20/94 $110.00 DANS REGISTER SERVICE GENERAL SUPPLIES 052794 VANVALKENBURG GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $80.00 DANS REGISTER SERVICE PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 052794 POOL OPERATION PROF SERVICES 1.46564 $190.00* 06/20/94 $675.00 DAVID F. DuSCHANE INVENTORY SUPPLIES 060194 GOLF PROG INVENTORY SUPP 146565 $675.00* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 8 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE -- - - -- - - - -- PROGRAM - - - -- OBJECT---- - - - -PO -NUM. - - --- 06/20/94 ---------- - - $889.35 - - -- -------------------------------------- -- DCA INC HOSPITALIZATION 63338 CENT SVC GENER HOSPITALIZATIO 146566 $889.35* 06/20/94 $403.31 DELI DOUBLE GENERAL SUPPLIES 15585 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 146567 $403.31* 06/20/94 $100.00 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC S CHEMICALS MATERIAL L 060194 POOL OPERATION CHEMICALS 146568 $100.00* 06/20/94 $17.00 DERHEIM, NANCY REFUND TENNIS 060894 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146569 $17.00* 06/20/94 $35.00 DIGITAL MATRIX SERVICE SOFTWARE 13790 ENGINEERING GE EQUIP REPLACEM 146570 $35.00* 06/20/94 $302.73 DISTINCTIVE LAUNDRY PR LAUNDRY 042694 ED BUILDING & LAUNDRY 146571 $302.73* 06/20/94 $13.75 DON'S APPLIANCE & TELE CONTRACTED REPAIRS 26267 FIRE DEPT. GEN CONTR REPAIRS 146572 $13.75* 06/20/94, $108.50 DONAGHUE DOORS CONTRACTED REPAIRS 09526 50TH ST OCCUPA CONTR REPAIRS 146573• $108.50* 06/20/94 $2,325.03 DONALD SALVERDA & ASSO PROFESSIONAL SERVICE G -6497 POLICE DEPT. G PROF SERVICES 146574 $2,325.03* 06/20/94 $373.08 DRUMMOND AM CORD GENERAL SUPPLIES 5205155 SIDEWALKS & PA GENERAL.SUPPLI. 146575 $373.08* 06/20/94 $26.31 E -Z -GO TEXTRON CART PARTS 0710481 GOLF CARS REPAIR PARTS 146576 $26.31* 06/20/94 $70.03 EAGLE ELEVATOR CONTRACTED REPAIRS 9988 CITY HALL GENE CONTR REPAIRS 146577 $70.03* 06/20/94 $497.39 EARL F. ANDERSON REPAIR PARTS PARTS 132891 00132955 BUILDING MAINT BUILDING MAINT REPAIR PARTS REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 06/20/94 $41.11 $94.79 EARL F. ANDERSON EARL F. ANDERSON REPAIR REPAIR PARTS 00132906 PATHS & HARD S REPAIR PARTS 146578 $633.29* 06/20/94 $283.00 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 374285 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE GDS BEE 06/20/94 $2,178.70 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD GOODS SOLD B M 373440 373441 YORK SELLING YORK SELLING CST OF CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 06/20/94 $35.10 $763.70 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF COST OF GOODS SOLD B 053194 GRILL CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $2,115.45 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 370265 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $478.70 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD COST OF GOODS SOLD B M 370684 370266 50TH ST SELLIN YORK SELLING CST CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 06/20/94 $23.40 $2,810.70 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 370685 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $3,734.00 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 373394 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 9 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION-- - - - - -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM --------------- OBJECT --- PO -NUM_- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $58.50 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 373394 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $1,351.40 EAST SIDE BEVERAGE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 373393 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 146579 $13,832.65* 06/20/94 $106.50 ECOLAB PEST ELIMINATIO PEST CONTROL 2763505 CENTENNIAL LAK SVC CONTR EQUI 06/20/94 $90.53 ECOLAB PEST ELIMINATIO SERVICE CONTRACTS EQ 2763509 ED BUILDING & SVC CONTR EQUI 146580 $197.03* 06/20/94 $584.31 EDWARD KRAEMER & SONS FILL MATERIALS 45549 DISTRIBUTION FILL MATERIALS 146581 $584.31* 06/20/94 $200.22 EGGHEAD SOFTWARE SOFTWARE 9933855 EQUIPMENT REPL EQUIP REPLACEM 06/20/94 $45.04 EGGHEAD SOFTWARE SOFTWARE 9908851 EQUIPMENT REPL EQUIP REPLACEM 06/20/94 $140.89 EGGHEAD SOFTWARE FAX MODEM FOR FIRE 9908851 FIRE DEPT. GEN EQUIP REPLACEM 146582 $386.15* 06/20/94 $166.95 EMERGENCY APPARATUS MA CONTRACTED REPAIRS 6735 FIRE DEPT. GEN CONTR REPAIRS 146583 $166.95* 06/20/94 $80.00 EXPLORERS POST 925 NO SOLICITOR SIGNS 1 061494 GENERAL FD PRO MISCELLANOUS 146584 $80.00* 06/20/94 $1,251.91 FADDEN PUMP COMPANY REPAIR PARTS 62475 PUMP & LIFT ST REPAIR PARTS 146585 $1,251.91* 06/20/94 $12.77 FAST 1 HOUR PHOTO GENERAL SUPPLIES 052694/S ED ADMINISTRAT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $13.55 FAST 1 HOUR PHOTO ADVERTISING OTHER 11267 ART CENTER ADM ADVERT OTHER 146586 $26.32* 06/20/94 $299.64 FAST FRAME GENERAL SUPPLIES 1289809 ART SUPPLY GIF GENERAL SUPPLI 146587 $299.64* 06/20/94 $22.50 FEDERAL EXPRESS GENERAL SUPPLIES 52401539 RESERVE PROGRA GENERAL SUPPLI 146588 $22.50* 06/20/94 $1,650.52 FEED RITE CONTROL WATER TREATMENT SUPP 36904 WATER TREATMEN WATER TRTMT SU 06/20/94 $672.36 FEED RITE CONTROL CHEMICALS 36479 POOL OPERATION CHEMICALS 146589 $2,322.88* 06/20/94 $40.00 FIALA, DEBORAH REFUND SWIMMING 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146590 $40.00* 06/20/94 $31,450.00 FIRST TRUST BOND, INTEREST 050994 GOLF ADMINISTR INTEREST BONDS 06/20/94 $67,821.25 FIRST TRUST BOND INTEREST 051394 GOLF ADMINISTR INTEREST BONDS 06/20/94 $65,799.01 FIRST TRUST BOND INTEREST 051394 ARENA ADMINIST INTEREST BONDS 06/20/94 $413,288.75 FIRST TRUST BOND INTEREST -EDINB 051394 GENERAL FD PRO DUE FROM HRA 06/20/94 $19,988.49 FIRST TRUST BOND INTEREST DOME 051394 GOLF ADMINISTR INTEREST BONDS 06/20/94 $1,292.50 FIRST TRUST FISCAL /AGENT -EDINB 060194 GENERAL FD PRO DUE FROM HRA 146591 $599,640.00* Page 10; COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. 06/20/94 $24.26 FOWLER ELECTRIC --------------------------------------------------------- GENERAL SUPPLIES 846.160 GOLF CARS GENERAL SUPPLI 146592 $24.26* 06/20/94 $20.00 FOX, JOANIE REFUND SWIMMING 061494 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146593 $20.00* 06/20/94 $75.00 FRAGALE, ANNETTE PERFORM CL /EB 071694 ED ADMINISTRAT, PRO SVC OTHER 146594 $75.00* 06/20/94 $21.52 G & K SERVICES LAUNDRY 052794 CENTENNIAL LAK LAUNDRY 146595 $21.52* 06/20/94 $2,700.00 G.L. CONTRACTING INC CONTRACTED REPAIRS 30500 GENERAL STORM CONTR REPAIRS 146596 $2,700.00* 06/20/94 $1,220.00 G.V. LARSEN & ASSOC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 061094 CENTENNIAL LAK PROF SERVICES 146597 $1,220.00* 06/20/94 $452.50 GANZER DIST INC COST OF GOODS SOLD B 180453 YORK SELLING 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $167.95 GANZER DIST INC COST OF GOODS SOLD B COST OF GOODS SOLD B 180455 180454 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $480.00 GANZER.DIST INC 146598 $1,100.45* 06/20/94 $307.10 GENE SEARS SUPPLY CONTRACTED REPAIRS 62678 GUN RANGE GUN RANGE CONTR REPAIRS CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $1,107.80 GENE SEARS SUPPLY CONTRACTED REPAIRS 062677 .146599 $1,414.90* 06/20/94 $546.16 GENERAL PARTS & SUPPLY REPAIR AUTOCLAVE 478394 LABORATORY PROF SERVICES 146600 $546.16* 06/20/94 $899.80 GENERAL SPORTS GENERAL SUPPLIES 038512 038454 FIELD MAINTENA TENNIS INSTRUC GENERAL SUPPLI GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $632.61 $2,093.00 GENERAL SPORTS GENERAL SPORTS TENNIS BALLS GENERAL SUPPLIES 038513 ATHLETIC ACTIV GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $229.90 GENERAL SPORTS LAUNDRY 038514 038514 POOL CONCESSIO POOL OPERATION LAUNDRY LAUNDRY 06/20/94 $1,066.44 GENERAL SPORTS LAUNDRY 146601 $4,921.75* 06/20/94 $1,770.94 GOLFCRAFT INVENTORY SUPPLIES 2882 GOLF PROG. INVENTORY SUPP 146602 $1,770.94* 06/20/94 $103.43 GOODIN CO. IRRIGATION SUPPLIES 3565621 MAINT OF COURS REPAIR PARTS 146603 $103.43* 06/20/94 $400.00 GOOSE GRAPHICS PRINTING 3388 3387 GOLF ADMINISTR GOLF ADMINISTR PRINTING PRINTING 06/20/94 $162.97 GOOSE GRAPHICS PRINTING 146604 $562.97* 06/20/94 $692.25 GOPHER CASH REGISTER CONTRACTED REPAIRS 16263 ARENA BLDG /GRO NORMANDALE GC CONTR REPAIRS' OFFICE SUPPLIE 06/20/94 $67.63 GOPHER CASH REGISTER OFFICE SUPPLIES 16233 146605 $759.88* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 11 CHECK NO --------------------------------- DATE CHECK AMOUNT -- - - - - -- VENDOR- - - - -- -- - - - - -- DESCRIPTION-- - - - - -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM OBJECT ---- - - - -PO -NUM__ 06/20/94 $540.00 GOPHER STATE 1 CALL GOPHER STATE ONE CAL 4040228 SUPERV. & OVRH GOPHER STATE 146606 $540.00* 06/20/94 $27.00 GOPLIN, JERRY REFUND TENNIS 061494 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146607 $27.00* 06/20/94 $215.57 GRAINGER REPAIR PARTS 49523888 PUMP & LIFT ST REPAIR PARTS 146608 $215.57* 06/20/94 $157.65 GRAYBAR ELECTRIC CO. HEAT GUN KIT 50061784 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 146609 $157.65* 06/20/94 $32.00 GREEN, ROBYN CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146610 $32.00* 06/20/94 $18,767.44 GROUP HEALTH INC HOSPITALIZATION 2337569 CONTINGENCIES HOSPITALIZATIO 146611 $18,767.44* 06/20/94 $163.52 HA TUONG OVER PYMT SEWER 061094 UTILITY,PROG ACCOUNTS REC. 146612 $163.52* 06/20/94 $111.97 HACH CO. GENERAL SUPPLIES 583704 WATER TREATMEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146613 $111.97* 06/20/94 $43.00 HALLMAN OIL COMPANY OIL 266724 EQUIPMENT OPER LUBRICANTS 06/20/94 $14.38 HALLMAN OIL COMPANY LUBRICANTS. 266776 EQUIPMENT OPER LUBRICANTS 146614 $57.38* 06/20/94 $225.00 HAMLYN, JAMES GENERAL SUPPLIES 061394 ART CENTER BLD GENERAL SUPPLI 146615 $225.00* 06/20/94 $30.00 HAPPY FACES VISUAL ARTS CL /EB 071694 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146616 $30.00* 06/20/94 $16,775.00 HARRIS HOMEYER CO. INSURANCE 060194 CENT SVC GENER INSURANCE 06/20/94 $30,394.00 HARRIS HOMEYER CO. INSURANCE 060194 CENT SVC GENER INSURANCE 146617 $47,169.00* 06/20/94 $40.00 HARRIS WAREHOUSE AND C GENERAL SUPPLIES 4F248 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 146618 $40.00* 06/20/94 $78.60 HEDBERG AGGREGATES GENERAL SUPPLIES 40402 ARENA BLDG /GRO GENERAL SUPPLI 146619 $78.60* 06/20/94 $63.40 HEDGES, DIANA CRAFT SUPPLIES. 061394 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 146620 $63.40* 06/20/94 $223.50 HEIMARK FOODS COST OF GOODS SOLD F 053194 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146621 $223.50* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 12 CHECK NO -------------------------------------------------------------------------_-------------------------- DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT ------ PO -NUM__ 06/20/94 $726.58 HENNEPIN COUNTY MEDICA FIRST AID SUPPLIES 3371 FIRE DEPT. GEN FIRST AID SUPP 146622 $726.58* 06/20/94 $144.21 HENNEPIN COUNTY TREASU POSTAGE 052394 ADMINISTRATION POSTAGE 146623 $144.21* 06/20/94 $3,708.24 HENNEPIN COUNTY TREASU BOARD & ROOM PRISONS 002461 LEGAL SERVICES BRD & RM PRISO 146624 $3,708.24* 06/20/94 $90.00 HENNEPIN TECHNICAL COL- CONFERENCES & SCHOOL 041492 FIRE DEPT. GEN CONF & SCHOOLS 146625 $90.00* 06/20/94 $32.00 HERTZ, DENISE CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146626 $32.00* 06/20/94 $372.75 HIRSHFIELD'S PAINT MFG LINE MARKING POWDER 00029754 FIELD MAINTENA LINE MARK POWD 146627 $372.75* 06/20/94 $40.00 HITE, MARIBETH REFUND SWIMMING 060894 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146628 $40.00* 06/20/94 $1,289.00 HOFFERS INC WINDOW REPAIR 197118 VERNON OCCUPAN CONTR REPAIRS 146629 $1,289.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 HOFFMAN, WILLIAM POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146630 $100.00* 06/20/94 $182,845.50 HOME INS INSURANCE 042094. CENT SVC GENER INSURANCE 146631 $182,845.50* 06/20/94 $205.00 HONEYWELL INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 369PT641 ED BUILDING & PROF SERVICES 146632 $205.00* 06/20/94 $156.74 HORWATH, TOM MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 061494 TREES & MAINTE MILEAGE 06/20/94 $113.68 HORWATH, TOM MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 060394 PARK MAINTENAN MILEAGE 146633 $270.42* 06/20/94 $2,596.74 HOSPITALITY SUPPLY ICE MACHINE 1741743 GOLF PROG CLUB HOUSE EQU 146634 $2,596.74* 06/20/94 $40.00 HULTSTRAND, LYNN REFUND SWIMMING 060794 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146635 $40.00* 06/20/94 $35.00 HUMPHREY RADIATOR CONTRACTED REPAIRS 052694 EQUIPMENT OPER CONTR REPAIRS 146636 $35.00* 06/20/94 $8,099.00 HUNERBERG CONSTRUCTION ROOF REPAIR 060294 BUILDINGS CONTR REPAIRS 146637 $8,099.00* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 13 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION - - -- ----------- - INVOICE- PROGRAM - - - -- ----------------------- OBJECT PO NUM. -------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $52.00 ------ HUNTER, SARA AC CLASS REFUND 061394 ART CENTER ADM REGISTRATION F 146638 $52.00* 06/20/94 $2,797.65 HYDRO SUPPLY CO WATER METERS 7035 UTILITY PROG INVENTORY WATE 146639 $2,797.65* 06/20/94 $115.00 IAAO IAAO -KOOLE 780375 ASSESSING DUES & SUBSCRI 146640 $115.00* 06/20/94 $10.99 INDELCO PLASTIC CORP REPAIR PARTS 20251 BUILDING MAINT REPAIR PARTS 146641 $10.99* 06/20/94 $20.43 INDUSTRIAL SUPPLY CO REPAIR PARTS 229460 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146642 $20.43* 06/20/94 $70.00 INGMAN LAB INC. CONTRACTUAL SERVICES 0594CED LABORATORY CONTR SERVICES 146643 $70.00* 06/20/94 $1,055.47 INTERSTATE DETROIT DIE CONTRACTED REPAIRS 144733 EQUIPMENT OPER CONTR REPAIRS CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $2,714.52 INTERSTATE DETROIT DIE TRANS REPAIR 145244 EQUIPMENT OPER 146644 $3,769.99* 06/20/94 $80.00 ISIA GENERAL SUPPLIES 042700 POOL TRACK GRE GENERAL SUPPLI 146645 $80.00'* 06/20/94 $21.98 J & W INSTRUMENTS INC GENERAL SUPPLIES 75306 LIFT STATION M'GENERAL SUPPLI 146646 $21.98* 06/20/94 $340.00 J. SPANJERS CO INC ROOF LEAK REPAIR 01448 GUN RANGE PROF SERVICES 146647 $340.00* 06/20/94 $140.96 J.H. LARSON ELECTRICAL REPAIR PARTS 05244925 NORMANDALE GC REPAIR PARTS 146648 $140.96* 06/20/94 $100.00 JAMES, WILLIAM F POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146649 $100.00* 06/20/94 $288.62 JERRYS FOODS CONFERENCES & SCHOOL MEETING EXPENSE 052594 052594 TRAINING FIRE DEPT. GEN CONF & SCHOOLS MEETING EXPENS 06/20/94 06/20/94 $33.02 $344.77 JERRYS FOODS JERRYS FOODS GENERAL SUPPLIES 052594 ART SUPPLY GIF GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $89.40 JERRYS FOODS 'CRAFT SUPPLIES 052594 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $194.14 JERRYS FOODS COST OF GOODS SOLD F GENERAL SUPPLIES 052594 052594 GRILL SPECIAL ACTIVI CST OF GD FOOD GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $24.49 $56.02 JERRYS FOODS JERRYS FOODS MEETING EXPENSE 052594 CITY COUNCIL - MEETING EXPENS 06/20/94 $25.52 JERRYS FOODS GENERAL SUPPLIES 052594 GENERAL MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 146650 $1,055.98* 06/20/94 $240.05 JERRYS PRINTING PRINTING E1002 D5431(1) POOL ADMIN ART CENTER ADM PRINTING PRINTING 4148 06/20/94 $276.00 JERRYS PRINTING PRINTING 146651 $516.05* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 14 CHECK NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT - - - - - PO -NUM. 06/20/94 $149.76 JIM HATCH SALES TOOLS 3606 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 146652 $149.76* 06/20/94 $49.00 JOHNSON, CAROLINE CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146653 $49.00* 06/20/94 $20.93 JOHNSON, NAOMI GENERAL SUPPLIES 061394 ART CENTER BLD GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $4.00 JOHNSON, NAOMI CONFERENCES & SCHOOL 061394 ART CENTER ADM CONF.& SCHOOLS 06_/20/94 $92.50 JOHNSON, NAOMI CRAFT SUPPLIES 061394 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 146654 $117.43* 06/20/94 $100.00 JOHNSON, WALTER POLICE SERVICES JUME 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146655 $100.00* 06/20/94 $166.07 JORDANO ASSOCIATES LTD REPAIR PARTS 009314 CENTENNIAL LAK REPAIR PARTS 146656 $166.07* 06/20/94 $220.80 JP FOODSERVICES INC GENERAL SUPPLIES 060194 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $37.05" JP FOODSERVICES INC COURSE BEAUTIFICATIO 060194 MAINT OF COURS COURSE BEAUTIF 06/20/94 $300.40 JP FOODSERVICES INC GENERAL SUPPLIES 060194 GRILL GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $431.15 JP FOODSERVICES INC CLEANING SUPPLIES 060194 GRILL CLEANING SUPPL 06/20/94 $108.62 JP FOODSERVICES INC CLEANING SUPPLIES 060194 NORMANDALE GC CLEANING SUPPL 06/20/94 $3,458.99 JP FOODSERVICES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD F 060194 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD. 146657 $4,557.01* 06/20/94 $2.50 JULIEN, DIANE CONFERENCES & SCHOOL 061094 TRAINING CONF & SCHOOLS SUPPLI 06/20/94 $15.44 JULIEN, DIANE GENERAL SUPPLIES 061094 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL 06/20/94 $2.00 JULIEN, DIANE LICENSES & PERMITS 061094 EQUIPMENT OPER LIC & PERMITS 06/20/94 $21.29 JULIEN, DIANE GENERAL SUPPLIES 061094 PW BUILDING GENERAL SUPPLI 146658 $41.23* 06/20/94 $38.00 KALLINAN, CINDY CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146659 $38..00* 06/20/94 $292.22 KAMAN INDUSTRIAL TECHN REPAIR PARTS Z106253 DISTRIBUTION REPAIR PARTS 146660 $292.22* 06/20/94 $191.38 KAR PRODUCTS GENERAL SUPPLIES 547351 MAINT OF COURS GENERAL SUPPLI 146661 $191.38* 06/20/94 $5,389.12 KARSTEN MANUFACTURING INVENTORY SUPPLIES 053194 GOLF PROG INVENTORY SUPP 146662 $5,389.12* 06/20/94 $27.68 KATTREH, ANN OFFICE SUPPLIES 061494 ED ADMINISTRAT OFFICE SUPPLIE 06/20/94 $35.40 KATTREH, ANN GENERAL SUPPLIES 061494 ED ADMINISTRAT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $39.44 KATTREH, ANN FERTILIZER 061494 ED BUILDING & FERTILIZER 06/20/94 $20.00 KATTREH, ANN DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 061494 ED ADMINISTRAT DUES & SUBSCRI - 06/20/94 $34.63 KATTREH, ANN GENERAL SUPPLIES 061494 ED BUILDING & GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $6.60 KATTREH, ANN REPAIR PARTS 061494 ED BUILDING & REPAIR PARTS COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 15 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE - - - -- PROGRAM - - - -- OBJECT---- - - - -PO -NUM__ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 06/20/94 $9.92 KATTREH, ANN MEETING EXPENSE 061494 CENTENNIAL LAK MEETING EXPENS- 06/20/94 $108.77 KATTREH, ANN GENERAL SUPPLIES 061494 POOL TRACK GRE GENERAL SUPPLI 146663 $282.44* 06/20/94 $54.00 KERSTEN, KATHERINE REFUND TENNIS .060894 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146664 $54.00* 06/20/94 $74.51 KNOX COMM CREDIT LUMBER 105184 BUILDING MAINT LUMBER 06/20/94 $37.98 KNOX COMM CREDIT LUMBER 105399 BUILDING MAINT LUMBER 06/20/94 $45.76 KNOX COMM CREDIT LUMBER 105280 BUILDING MAINT LUMBER 06/20/94 $68.03 KNOX COMM CREDIT TOOLS 106167 ENGINEERING GE GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $168.01 KNOX COMM CREDIT TOOLS 104046 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 06/20/94 $74.53 KNOX COMM CREDIT GENERAL SUPPLIES 104047 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $345.29 KNOX COMM CREDIT TOOLS 104425 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 06/20/94 $22.33 KNOX COMM CREDIT GENERAL SUPPLIES 103827 GENERAL MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $227.61 KNOX COMM CREDIT CONTRACTED REPAIRS 106267 ARENA BLDG /GRO CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $94.16 KNOX COMM CREDIT CONTRACTED REPAIRS 105076 ARENA BLDG /GRO CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $23.41 KNOX COMM CREDIT GENERAL SUPPLIES 104729 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $44.38 KNOX COMM CREDIT TOOLS 101724 BUILDINGS TOOLS 06/20/94 $42.59 KNOX COMM CREDIT LUMBER 103668 WATER TREATMEN LUMBER 06/20/94 $26.61 KNOX COMM CREDIT GENERAL SUPPLIES 104378 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $29.21 KNOX COMM CREDIT REPAIR PARTS 104021 CLUB HOUSE REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $31.47 KNOX COMM CREDIT GENERAL SUPPLIES 104202 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 146666 $1,355.88* 06'/20/94 $50.00 KNUTSON, KAREN AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146667 $50.00* 06/20/94 $409.28 KOCH MATERIALS CO ROAD OIL 0507022 STREET RENOVAT ROAD OIL 146668 $409.28* 06/20/94 $1,491.35 KUETHER DIST. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD B 107700 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $775.70 KUETHER DIST. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD B 106989 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $543.80 KUETHER DIST. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD B 107161 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $462.60 KUETHER DIST. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD B 107265 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 146669 $3,273.45* 06/20/94 $89.32 KUSTOM SIGNALS INC GENERAL SUPPLIES 175621 POLICE DEPT. G GENERAL SUPPLI 146670 $89.32* 06/20/94 $55.00 KVASNICK, BARB PERFORM CL /EB 0630 &062 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146671 $55.00* 06/20/94 $30.00 KVASNICK, BARB PERFORM CL /EB 070994 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146672 $30.00* 06/20/94 $420.00 LAKE RESTORATION INC POND TREATMENT 3556/1 PONDS & LAKES PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $330.00 LAKE RESTORATION INC POND TREATMENT 3079/1 PONDS & LAKES PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $216.00 LAKE RESTORATION INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 2525 PONDS & LAKES PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $496.25 LAKE RESTORATION INC LAKE WEED CONTROL 393 CENTENNIAL LAK SVC CONTR EQUI COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 16 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $487.00 LAKE RESTORATION INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 3859 PONDS & LAKES PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $270.00 LAKE RESTORATION INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 3110 PONDS & LAKES PROF SERVICES 146673 $2,219.25* 06/20/94 $108.50 LARSON, BOB GENERAL SUPPLIES EB/ 060994 CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI 146674 $108.50* 06/20/94 $18.00 LAW ENFORCEMENT NEWS DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 060194 POLICE DEPT. G DUES & SUBSCRI 146675 $18.00* 06/20/94 $451.46 LAWSON PRODUCTS GENERAL SUPPLIES 1054482 FIELD MAINTENA GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $81.76 LAWSON PRODUCTS REPAIR PARTS 1058118 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $218.62 LAWSON PRODUCTS ACCESSORIES 1058119 EQUIPMENT OPER ACCESSORIES 06/20/94 $294.66 LAWSON PRODUCTS TOOLS 1058116 PUMP & LIFT ST TOOLS 146676 $1,046.50* 06/20/94 $25.88 LEEF BROS. INC. LAUNDRY 053194/G MAINT OF COURS LAUNDRY 146677 $25.88* 06/20/94 $1,801.93 LEITNER COMPANY SOD & BLACK DIRT 053194 MAINT OF COURS SOD & DIRT 146678 $1,801.93* 06/20/94 $76.20 LEONARD OR ROBERTA LIC AMBULANCE FEES 060794 GENERAL FD PRO AMBULANCE FEES 146679 $76.20* 06/20/94 $355.04 LIEN INFECTION CONTROL SERVICE CONTRACTS EQ 060194 CLUB HOUSE SVC CONTR EQUI 146680 $355.04* 06/20/94 $135.90 LIGHTING RESOURCES CABLE 8 ED BUILDING & GENERAL SUPPLI 146681 $135.90* 06/20/94 $59.64 LISK, LEROY CLEANING SUPPLIES /FI 052894 'FIRE DEPT. GEN CLEANING SUPPL 146682 $59.64* 06/20/94 $50.00 LONNING, CAROLYN PERFORM CL /EB 071694 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146683 $50..00* 06/20/94 $70.00 LONSBURY, BEVERLY REFUND SWIMMING 061494 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146684 $70.00* 06/20/94 $317.49 M AMUNDSON COST OF GOODS.SOLD M 29412 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $250.65 M AMUNDSON COST,OF GOODS SOLD M 29394 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $544.15 M AMUNDSON COST OF GOODS SOLD M 29388 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $384.33 M AMUNDSON COST OF GOODS SOLD M 29235 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $100.26 M AMUNDSON COST OF GOODS SOLD M 29210 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $367.62 M AMUNDSON COST OF GOODS SOLD M 29166 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 146685 $1,964.50* 06/20/94 $1,400.00 MARGOLIS BROTHERS CO TREE MOVING 8067 GC CIP CIP CIP 06/20/94 $1,560.00 MARGOLIS BROTHERS CO WILLOWS 8068 GC CIP COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 17 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. - - - - -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146686 $2,960.00* 06/20/94 $1,132.67 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 258763 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $215.25 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 259428 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $12.50 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 258764 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $31.80 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 257608 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $45.00 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 258180 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $924.80 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 259378 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $3,505.00 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 256361 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $1,850.07- MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 256282 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $45.50 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256365 50TH�ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $13.60 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256287 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $118.40 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256285 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $3,300.40 MARK VII SALES COST OF.GOODS SOLD B 256286 VERNON SELLING CST OF'GDS BEE 06/20/94 $1,010.10 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 258815 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $19.65 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256362 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $82.50 MARK -VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 257607 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $13.25 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256284 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $51.30 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256283 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $34.20 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD M 256360 YORK SELLING . CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $127.50 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 256364 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $847.35 MARK VII SALES COST OF GOODS SOLD B 053194 GRILL CST OF GDS BEE 146688 $13,380.84* 06/20/94 $67.45 MARSHALL & SWIFT GENERAL SUPPLIES 0607 ASSESSING GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $49.95 MARSHALL & SWIFT GENERAL SUPPLIES 060794 ASSESSING GENERAL SUPPLI 146689 $117.40* 06/20/94 $50.00 MATERIALS MANAGEMENT D ANNUAL FEE 061494 CONTINGENCIES PROF SERVICES 146690 $50.00* 06/20/94 $43.65 MCC /MIDWEST CRAFT SUPPLIES 12001 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $24.36 MCC /MIDWEST GENERAL SUPPLIES 91813 ART CENTER BLD GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $180.94 MCC /MIDWEST COST OF GOODS SOLD 81854 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD -FOOD 146691 $248.95* 06/20/94 $140.65, MCCARTHY, LOWELL MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 061394 WEED MOWING MILEAGE 146692 $140.65* 06/20/94 $100.00 MCCORMICK, CAROL PERFORM CL /EB 071494 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146693 $100.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 MCCORMICK, CAROL - PERFORM CL /EB 062594 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146694 $100.00* 06/20/94 $117.78 MCGARVEY /SUPERIOR COFF GENERAL SUPPLIES 9121722 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $153.00 MCGARVEY /SUPERIOR COFF COST OF GOODS SOLD F 2016440 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $19.06 MCGARVEY /SUPERIOR COFF TEA 7571607 NORMANDALE GC CST OF GI) FOOD 146695 $289.84* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 18 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR---- DESCRIPTION-- - - - - - - - - - -- -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM ----- OBJECT -------PO- NUM_ - - - - - -- ---------------------------------- 06/20/94 06/20/94 $299.74 $371.13 - - - - - -- - - - - -- MCGUIRE AUTO SUPPLY MCGUIRE AUTO SUPPLY - - - -- --- TOOLS GENERAL SUPPLIES 060194/P 060194/P EQUIPMENT OPER EQUIPMENT OPER TOOLS GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $3,371.49 MCGUIRE AUTO SUPPLY REPAIR PARTS 060194/P EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $299.37 MCGUIRE AUTO SUPPLY ACCESSORIES 060194/P EQUIPMENT OPER ACCESSORIES 06/20/94 $84.62 MCGUIRE AUTO SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 060194/G MAINT OF COURS GENERAL SUPPLI 146696 $4,426.35* 06/20/94 $61.15 MECO REPAIR PARTS 63345 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146697 $61.15* 06/20/94 $25,110.51 MED CENTER HEALTH PLAN HOSPITALIZATION 1205324 CENT SVC GENER HOSPITALIZATIO 146698 $25,110.51* 06/20/94 $100.00 MERFELD, BURT POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146699 $100.00* 06/20/94 $127.80 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36170 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $392.31 MERIT SUPPLY CLEANING SUPPLIES 36243 ED BUILDING & CLEANING SUPPL 06/20/94 $454.48 MERIT SUPPLY REPAIR PARTS 36214 ED BUILDING & REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $37.28 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36273 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $109.69 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36273 GRILL GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $141.64 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36203 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $238.82 MERIT SUPPLY CLEANING SUPPLIES 36244 ARENA BLDG /GRO CLEANING SUPPL 06/20/94 $486.65 MERIT SUPPLY REPAIR PARTS 36207 -ED BUILDING & REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $460.50 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36210 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 4388 06/20/94 $335.47 MERIT SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 36251 CLUB HOUSE GENERAL SUPPLI 146700 $2,784.64* 06/20/94 $190.00 MESSERLI & KRAMER AMBULANCE FEES 053194 GENERAL FD PRO AMBULANCE FEES 06/20/94 $143.48 MESSERLI & KRAMER AMBULANCE FEES 23556 GENERAL FD PRO AMBULANCE FEES 146701 $333.48* 06/20/94 $354.59 METRO ATHLETIC SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 2063 ATHLETIC ACTIV GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $108.36 METRO ATHLETIC SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 2062 FIELD MAINTENA GENERAL SUPPLI 146702 $462.95* 06/20/94 $11,088.00 METRO WASTE CONTROL BUILDING PERMITS MAY 1994 GENERAL FD PRO BUILDING FERMI 146703 $11,088.00* 06/20/94 $80.00 MGCSA DUES 060194 MAINT OF COURS DUES & SUBSCRI 146704 $80.00* 06/20/94 $52.83 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15282 DISTRIBUTION BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $232.65 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15282 GC CIP BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $1,385.62 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15282 STREET RENOVAT BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $215.73 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15282 GENERAL MAINT BLACKTOP. 06/20/94 $16.52 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15069 STREET RENOVAT BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $27.47 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15069 DISTRIBUTION BLACKTOP . 06/20/94 $706:33 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15069 TODD PARK' BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $174.16 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 15069 GENERAL MAINT BLACKTOP COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 1 Page 19 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. 06/20/94 $98.54 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. GENERAL SUPPLIES 14807 ARENA BLDG /GRO GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $82.56 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. FILL MATERIALS 14807 GENERAL STORM FILL MATERIALS 06/20/94 $919.21 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 14807 GENERAL MAINT BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $1,296.13 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. GENERAL SUPPLIES 14807 DISTRIBUTION GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $78.71 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. BLACKTOP 14807 BUILDING MAINT BLACKTOP 06/20/94 $235.46 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. CONSTR. IN PROGRESS 14807 GC CIP CIP 06/20/94 $1;083.77 MIDWEST ASPHALT COR. GENERAL SUPPLIES 14807 STREET RENOVAT GENERAL SUPPLI 146705 $6,605.69* 06/20/94 $193,296.93 MIDWEST ASPHALT CORPOR CONSTR. IN PROGRESS 94 -2PYMT ST. IMPROV BA CIP 146706 $193,296.93* 06/20/94 $225.87 MIDWEST MACHINERY INC REPAIR PARTS 104698 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146707 $225.87* - 06/20/94 $139.20 MIDWEST VENDING WHOLES COST OF GOODS SOLD F 060994 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $139.20 MIDWEST VENDING WHOLES COST OF GOODS SOLD F 052794 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146708 $278.40* 06/20/94 $97.61 MILWAUKEE ELECTRIC TOO BATTERY PACK 25615350 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 146709 $97.61* 06/20/94 $12.24 MINN COMM PAGING CONTRACTED REPAIRS 060194 FIRE DEPT. GEN CONTR REPAIRS 146710 $12.24* 06/20/94 $1,750.00 MINNEAPOLIS & SUBURBAN CONTRACTED REPAIRS 30197 DISTRIBUTION CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $560.00 MINNEAPOLIS & SUBURBAN CONTRACTED REPAIRS 030196 DISTRIBUTION CONTR REPAIRS 146711 $2,310.00* 06/20/94 $1,225.00 MINNEGASCO CONSTR. IN PROGRESS 051994 GC CIP CIP 146712 $1,225.00* 06/20/94 $69.10 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152519 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $93.33 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152521 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $20.40 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 15293.4 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $133.95 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152935 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $34.25 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152937 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $9.16 MINNESOTA BAR °SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 152937 YORK SELLING GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $29.06 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152522 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $98.00 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152091 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $220.55 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 152094 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 146713 $707.80* 06/20/94 $492.98 MINNESOTA CERAMIC SUPP COST OF GOODS SOLD 162280 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $358.44 MINNESOTA CERAMIC SUPP COST OF GOODS SOLD 162281 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 146714 $851.42* 06/20/94 $270.00 MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT O STATE BOARD OF ASSES 060194 ASSESSING PROF SERVICES 146715 $270.00* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 20 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT -- _ - - - - PO -NUM. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 06/20/94 $65.00 MINNESOTA ELEVATOR INC ELEVATOR SERVICE 050364 ED BUILDING & SVC CONTR EQUI 146716 $65.00* 06/20/94 $320.00 MINNESOTA PGA 1994 HALL OF FAME CL 060794 GOLF ADMINISTR CONF & SCHOOLS 146717 $320.00* •06/20/94 $2,708.30 MINNESOTA PIPE & EQUIP REPAIR PARTS 14002 DISTRIBUTION REPAIR PARTS 146718 $2,708.30* 06/20/94 $2,582.35 MINNESOTA PLAYGROUND I MACHINERY & EQUIPMEN 944318 EDINB /CL PROG MACH. & EQUIP 146719 $2,582.35* 06/20/94 $1,587.68 MINNESOTA ROBBY CLEANER_ 031494. GOLF PROG MACH. & EQUIP 146720 $1,587.68* 06/20/94 $225.00 MINNESOTA SUN PUBLICAT ADVERTISING OTHER 135811 ED BUILDING & ADVERT OTHER 06/20/94 $225.00 MINNESOTA SUN PUBLICAT ART FAIR ADV 137289 50TH ST SELLIN ADVERT OTHER.' 06/20/94 $57.81 MINNESOTA SUN PUBLICAT BIDS CONTRACT 94 -3 12390 ADMINISTRATION ADVERTISING LE 146721 $507.81* 06/20/94 $15.00 MINNESOTA TAXPAYERS AS CONFERENCES & SCHOOL 44 ASSESSING CONF & SCHOOLS 146722 $15.00* 06/20/94 - $50.89 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS 423326 MAINT OF COURS REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $48.99 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS 421154 FIELD MAINTENA REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $147.88 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS 422388 421567 CENTENNIAL LAK CENTENNIAL LAK REPAIR GENERAL PARTS SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $137.14 $4.74 MINNESOTA MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO TORO DIST CO GENERAL SUPPLIES REPAIR PARTS 422387 CENTENNIAL LAK REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $111.43 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO GENERAL SUPPLIES 421052 CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $63.27 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS 424378 FIELD MAINTENA REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $65.47 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO IRRIGATION PARTS 420329 MAINT OF COURS REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $30.97 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS 416312 CITY HALL GENE REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $465.50 MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO - REPAIR PARTS 420020 415361 EQUIPMENT OPER EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR REPAIR PARTS PARTS 06/20/94 06/20/94 $79.68 $71.33 MINNESOTA MINNESOTA TORO DIST CO TORO DIST CO REPAIR PARTS REPAIR PARTS 415347 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146723 $1,175.51* 06/20/94 $64.86 MINNESOTA WANNER CONTRACTED REPAIRS 0022101 ARENA ICE MAIN CONTR REPAIRS_ 06/20/94 - $58.40 MINNESOTA WANNER INVOICE PD TWICE 0021658. GENERAL TURF C REPAIR PARTS 146724 $6.46* 06/20/94 $59.29 MINVALCO REPAIR PARTS 4051679 FIRE DEPT. GEN REPAIR PARTS 146725 $59.29* 06/20/94 $148.04 MITCHELL INTERNATIONAL DATA PROCESSING 1314578 EQUIPMENT OPER DATA PROCESSIN 146726 $148.04* 06/20/94 $1,892.11 MN STATE TREA /BLG IN BUILDING PERMITS MAY 1994 GENERAL FD PRO BUILDING PERMI 146727 $1,892.11* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 21 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE - ------------------------------- PROGRAM OBJECT ------- PO -NUM_- ------------------------------------------------------------ 06/20/94 $36.00 MONROE, DIANE ---------------------- CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146728 $36.00* 06/20/94 $394.80 MUELLER SALES CORP REPAIR PARTS 01003678 DISTRIBUTION REPAIR PARTS. 146729 $394.80* 06/20/94 $163.74 MUNICILITE CO REPAIR PARTS 5609 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS' 06/20/94 $53.50 MUNICILITE CO REPAIR PARTS 5349 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146730 $217.24* 06/20/94 $106.20 NAME BRAND SPORTS UNIFORMS 4298 CENTENNIAL LAK LAUNDRY 146731 $106.20* 06/20/94 $90.00 NATIONAL GUARDIAN SYST REPAIR PARTS 851655 VERNON OCCUPAN REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $196.79 NATIONAL GUARDIAN SYST ALARM SERVICE 851655 VERNON OCCUPAN ALARM SERVICE 06/20/94 $272.42 NATIONAL GUARDIAN SYST ALARM SERVICE 851656 50TH ST.00CUPA ALARM SERVICE 06/20/94 $156.26 NATIONAL GUARDIAN SYST ALARM SERVICE 851654 ART CENTER BLD ALARM SERVICE 146732 $715.47* 06/20/94 $75.83 NATIONAL LABS CLEANING SUPPLIES 173806 ED BUILDING & CLEANING.SUPPL 146733 $75.83* 06/20/94 $52.00 NCNEFF, NANCY ART CENTER CLASS REF 061394 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146734 $52.00* 06/20/94 $36.30 NEBCO EVANS DISTRIB COST OF GOODS SOLD F 268993 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $4.25 NEBCO EVANS DISTRIB COST OF GOODS SOLD F 282244 VANVALKENBURG CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $212.95 NEBCO.EVANS DISTRIB COST OF GOODS SOLD F 280313 POOL CONCESSIO CST OF GD FOOD 146735 $253.50* 06/20/94 $6.00 NEKTON ON MISSISSIPPI REFUND MODEL YACHT C 060994 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146736 $6.00* 06/20/94 $40.00 NELSON, BETSY REFUND SWIMMING 061394 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146737 $40.00* 06/20/94 $163.00 NELSON, J THOMAS AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146738 $163.00* 06/20/94 $187.24 NEONISTICS CUSTOM NEON OPEN SIGN 1531 VERNON OCCUPAN GENERAL SUPPLI 146739 $187.24* 06/20/94 $288.00 NEWMAN TRAFFIC SIGN SIGNS & POSTS 2017134 STREET NAME SI SIGNS & POSTS 146740 $288.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 NISSEN, DICK POLICE SERVICES. JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146741 $100.00* 06/20/94 $140.56 NORTH STAR TURF REPAIR PARTS 084662 MAINT OF COURS REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $13,302.92 NORTH STAR TURF LAWN MOWER 084409 EQUIPMENT REPL EQUIP REPLACEM COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 22 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146742 $13,443.48* 06/20/94 $43.60 NORTHERN AIRGAS OXYGEN 60123 FIRE DEPT. GEN FIRST AID SUPP 2617 146743 $43.60* 06/20/94 $5,358.94 NORTHERN IRRIGATION SY CONSTR. IN PROGRESS 92 -13FIN GC CIP CIP 146744 $5,358.94* 06/20/94 $74.40 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 96829 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $78.48 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 96202 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $27.90 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 98544 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $108.60 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF-GOODS SOLD M 98083 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $36.00 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 97788 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $111.60 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 96827 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $125.40 NORTHSTAR ICE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 94676 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 146745 $562.38* 06/20/94 $177.11 NORTHWEST GRAPHIC SUPP COST OF GOODS SOLD 219249 ART SUPPLY GIF,CST OF GD FOOD 06/2.0/94 $27.24 NORTHWEST GRAPHIC SUPP COST OF GOODS SOLD 219311 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $118.98 NORTHWEST GRAPHIC SUPP COST OF GOODS SOLD 219674 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 146746 $323.33* 06/20/94 $200.00 NORTHWEST NEWS ADVERTISING 050994 GC CIP CIP 146747 $200.00* 06/20/94 $110.00 NORTHWESTERN SERVICE I CONTRACTED REPAIRS 34089 GOLF DOME CONTR REPAIRS 146748 $110.00* 06/20/94 $88.76 NORTHWESTERN TIRE CO TIRES & TUBES NW10911 EQUIPMENT OPER TIRES & TUBES 146749 $88.76* 06/20/94 $20,634.98 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 ST LIGHTING RE LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $573.03 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 ST LIGHTING OR LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $3,015.51 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 TRAFFIC SIGNAL LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $439.11 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 PONDS & LAKES LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $7.70 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 GENERAL STORM LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $116.04 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 PONDS & LAKES LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $546.76 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 FIRE DEPT. GEN LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $44.44 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 CIVIL DEFENSE LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $1,694.61 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 CITY HALL GENE LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $1,925.95 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 PW BUILDING LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $784.26 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 BUILDING MAINT LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $77.74 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 GENERAL MAINT LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $3,274.17 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 CLUB HOUSE LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $60.87 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 CENTENNIAL LAK LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $266.86 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 MAINT OF COURS LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $402.12 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 POOL OPERATION LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $1,305.71 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 ARENA BLDG /GRO LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $205.92 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 GUN RANGE LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $1,089.77 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 PUMP & LIFT ST LIGHT & POWER COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 23 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION - - - - - - - - - -- - -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM - - - - - -- - OBJECT----- - - -PO- NUM_ - ------------------------------------------------------------ 06/20/94 $13,039.74 NSP -------- LIGHT POWER 062094 DISTRIBUTION LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $8.66 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 TANKS TOWERS & LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $1,149.14 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 YORK OCCUPANCY LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $655.03 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 VERNON OCCUPAN LIGHT & POWER 06/20/94 $582.15 NSP LIGHT & POWER 062094 GOLF DOME LIGHT & POWER 146751 $51,900.27* 06/20/94 $192.00 ODLAND, DOROTHY AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146752 $192.00* 06/20/94 $30.00 OESTREICH, RICHARD LICENSE RENEWAL /PW 060794 TRAINING LIC & PERMITS 146753 $30.00* 06/20/94 $156.00 OLD DUTCH FOODS CHIPS 052794 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146754 $156.00* 06/20/94 $496.50 OLSEN CHAIN /CABLE ROPE /CABLE 56293 GC CIP CIP 06/20/94 $44.53 OLSEN CHAIN /CABLE CLIPS /EYE SCREWS 56374 GC CIP CIP 06/20/94 $115.66 OLSEN CHAIN /CABLE GENERAL SUPPLIES 56490 BUILDING MAINT GENERAL SUPPLI 146755 $656.69* 06/20/94 $100.00 ONISCHUK, JACKIE SUMMER HAND DIST ABO 061394 COMMUNICATIONS MAG /NEWSLET EX 146756 $100.00* 06/20/94 $74.00 OTIS SPUNKMEYER INC COST OF GOODS SOLD F 997467 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146757 $74.00* 06/20/94 $233.00 PARAMOUNT CERAMICS INC COST OF GOODS SOLD 86745 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 146758 $233.00* 06/20/94 $59.95 - PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 41191 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $182.95 PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 41102. VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $27.50 PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 41176 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $326.80 PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 41175 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $27.50 PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 41192 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $62.90 PAUSTIS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 41247 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 146759 $687.60* 06/20/94 $351.00 PEARL CHAPUT OR DOROTH AMBULANCE FEES 060794 GENERAL FD PRO AMBULANCE FEES 146760 $351.00* 06/20/94 $291.00 PEPSI COLA BOTTLING COST OF GOODS SOLD F 25403417 POOL CONCESSIO CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 PEPSI COLA BOTTLING COST OF GOODS SOLD M 27096108 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 .$117.10 $43.15 PEPSI COLA BOTTLING COST OF GOODS SOLD M 26996303 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $1,923.85 PEPSI COLA BOTTLING COST OF GOODS SOLD F 053194 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146761 $2,375.10* 06/20/94 $1,205.00 PERKINS LANDSCAPE CONT FENCE /POST INSTALL 052894 GC CIP CIP 06/20/94 $487.50 PERKINS LANDSCAPE CONT CONTRACTED REPAIRS 061094 GENERAL TURF C CONTR REPAIRS 146762 $1,692.50* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 24 CHECK NO ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT --- - - - - PO -NUM__ 06/20/94 $144.00 PETHEO, BELA ART WORK SOLD 061394 ART CNTR PROG SALES OTHER 146763 $144.00* 06/20/94 $120.44 PGA OF AMERICA GENERAL SUPPLIES 6839 RANGE GENERAL SUPPLI 146764 $120.44* 06/20/94 $115.55 PINNACLE SIGNS & GRAPH GENERAL SUPPLIES 4234 ED BUILDING & GENERAL SUPPLI 146765 $115.55* 06/20/94 $15.33 PIONEER MIDWEST INC REPAIR PARTS 51479 CENTENNIAL LAK REPAIR PARTS 146766 $15.33* 06/20/94 $345.57 PLANT EQUIPMENT REPAIR PARTS 15682 LIFT STATION M REPAIR PARTS 146767 $345.57* 06/20/94 $34.08 PLUNKETTS GENERAL SUPPLIES 728436 ARENA BLDG /GRO GENERAL SUPPLI 146768 $34.08* 06/20/94 $40.89 POMMER CO V.R.R. 035805 CONTINGENCIES GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $111.40 POMMER CO GENERAL SUPPLIES 035804 GOLF DOME GENERAL SUPPLI 146769 $152.29* 06/20/94 $2,711.00 POSTMASTER SUMMER MAILING ABOUT 061394 COMMUNICATIONS MAG /NEWSLET EX 146770 $2,711.00* 06/20/94 $230.00 POSTMASTER MONTHLY MAILING 060894 CENT SVC GENER POSTAGE 146771 $230.00* 06/20/94 $260.00 POSTMASTER BRM FEE 060194 CENT SVC GENER POSTAGE 146772 $260.00* 06/20/94. $64.24 POWER PROCESS EQUIPMEN REPAIR PARTS 135308. PUMP & LIFT ST REPAIR PARTS 146773 $64.24* 06/20/94 $20.00 PRASCIUNAS, BECKY LOCKER RENTAL REFUND 060794 ICE ARENA PROG LOCKER RENTAL 146774 $20.00* 06/20/94 $996.95 PRECISION LANDSCAPE STUMP REMOVAL 051994 TREES & MAINTE CONTR REPAIRS 146775 $996.95* 06/2.0/94 $2,493.04 PRECISION TURF /CHEM CHEMICALS 004591 MAINT OF COURS CHEMICALS 06/20/94 $126.05 PRECISION TURF /CHEM SPRAYER PARTS 4592 - MAINT OF COURS REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $397.25 PRECISION TURF /CHEM CHEMICALS 4527 MAINT OF COURS CHEMICALS 146776 $3,016.34* 06/20/94 $14.00 PRINTERS SERVICE INC EQUIPMENT MAINTENANC 10208 ARENA ICE MAIN EQUIP MAINT 146777 s $14.00* 06/20/94 $1,869.08 PROCARD PRINTERS PRINTING 1007 GOLF ADMINISTR PRINTING COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 25 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT - PO -NUM_- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146778 $1,869.08* 06/20/94 $84.50 QUALITY REFRIGERATION ICE MAKER MAINT 092926 GRILL SVC CONTR EQUI 146779 $84.50* 06/20/94 $278.22 QUICK SERVICE BATTERY REPAIR PARTS 69145 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $150.93 QUICK SERVICE BATTERY REPAIR PARTS 72606 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146780 $429.15* 06/20/94 $187.62 QUIK PRINT PRINTING 51943 GOLF ADMINISTR PRINTING 146781 $187.62* 06/20/94 $2,279.13 R &R SPECIALTIES INC MACHINERY'& EQUIPMEN 19412 EDINB /CL PROG MACH. & EQUIP 146782 $2,279.13* 06/20/94 $41.12 RADIO SHACK ACCT REC REPAIR PARTS 120313 NORMANDALE GC REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $26.59 RADIO SHACK ACCT REC REPAIR PARTS 120366 NORMANDALE GC REPAIR PARTS 146783 $67.71* 06/20/94 $292.40 RED WING SHOES SAFETY EQUIPMENT 00399 GENERAL MAINT SAFETY EQUIPME 146784 $292.40* 06/20/94 $1,625.45 RESCUE ONE LITE BAR 5106 FIRE DEPT. GEN EQUIP REPLACEM 06/20/94 $282.23 RESCUE ONE GENERAL SUPPLIES 5107 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146785 $1,907.68* 06/20/94 $2,613.10 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 92117 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $1,438.20 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 92116 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $994.36 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 92114 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $476.70 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 91406 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $939.90 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 91947 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $2,017.90 REX DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 91320 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 146786 $8,480.16* 06/20/94 $40.00 RICHARDS, BYRON REFUND SWIMMING 060894 GENERAL FD PRO REGISTRATION F 146787 $40.00* 06/20/94 $1.56 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.57 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.57 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.57 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.56 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.56 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $1.56 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3750177 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.12 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING 3759652 STORM SEWER CIP COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 26- CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION --- - - - - -- -- INVOICE - - - - - -- - - -- PROGRAM - -_ -- OBJECT- - - PO NUM. --------------------------------------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $3.13 RITZ CAMERA FILM DEVELOPING •3759652 STORM SEWER CIP 146788 $32.85* 06/20/94 $426.00 ROBERT B. HILL GENERAL SUPPLIES 58243 ARENA BLDG /GRO GENERAL SUPPLI 146789 $426.00* 06/20/94 $880.85 ROLLINS OIL CO GASOLINE 28625 MAINT OF COURS GASOLINE 146790 $880.85* 06/20/94 $151.00 ROTO ROOTER SERV. REPAIR PARTS 9425323 CITY HALL GENE REPAIR PARTS 146791 $151.00* 06/20/94 $180.00 RYTER, TZAPORAH AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146792 $180.00* 06/20/94 $327.90 S H BARTLETT CO INC REPAIR PARTS 47537 BUILDING MAINT REPAIR PARTS 146793 $327.90* 06/20/94 $395.19 S &S ARTS & CRAFTS GENERAL SUPPLIES 1237947 PLAYGROUND & T GENERAL SUPPLI 146794 $395.19* 06/20/94 $535.31. SCHUMANN'S BAKERY COST OF GOODS SOLD F 053194 GRILL CST OF GD FOOD 146795 $535.31* 06/20/94 $362.21 SEARS TOOLS ID626522 GENERAL MAINT TOOLS 06/20/94 $26.59 SEARS GENERAL SUPPLIES SR752539 CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $149.09 SEARS GENERAL SUPPLIES SR752539 CENTENNIAL LAK GENERAL SUPPLI 146796 $537.89* 06/20/94 $100.00 SHEPARD, JOHN POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES_ 146797 $100.00* 06/20/94 $77.65 SMITH WESSON AMMUNITION 26784101 POLICE DEPT. G AMMUNITION 146798 $77.65* 06/20/94 $52.64 SOHNS, JOYCE A MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 060294 ED ADMINISTRAT MILEAGE 146799 $52.64* 06/20/94 $121.90 SOUTHAM BUSINESS COMMU BID AD- PARKLAWN AVE CPC03168 STREET IMPROVE CIP 146800 $121.90* 06/20/94 $1,253.10 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 38509 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $60.00 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 29843 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $822.40 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 38510 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $2,364.30 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 38425 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $433.30 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 38376 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 06/20/94 $80.00 SOUTHSIDE DISTRIBUTORS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 38425 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 146801 $5,013.10* 06/20/94 $6,566.51 SOUTHWEST SUBURBAN CAB THIRD QUARTER 060994 COMMUNICATIONS PRO SVC OTHER COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 27 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,- 146802 $6,566.51* • 06/20/94 $475.00 SPECIALIZED GRAPHICS GENERAL SUPPLIES '3075 METER READING GENERAL SUPPLI 146803 $475.00* 06/20/94 $725.93 SPS LIFT STATION PARTS 2199239 LIFT STATION M REPAIR PARTS 146804 $725.93* 06/20/94 $153.68 STAR TRIBUNE ADVERTISING OTHER 052194 ART CENTER ADM ADVERT OTHER 06/20/94 $1,714.77 STAR TRIBUNE ADVERTISING PERSONNE 053194 CENT SVC GENER ADVERT PERSONL 146805 $1,868.45* 06/20/94 $35.00 STATE LAB OF HYGIENE CONTRACTUAL SERVICES 31829 LABORATORY CONTR SERVICES 146806 $35.00* 06/20/94 $313.66 STATE OF MINNESOTA INSPECTION WORK 122414 ST. IMPROV BA CIP 146807 $313.66* 06/20/94 $1,366.30 STRGAR - ROSCOE -FAUSH PROF ENG SERV 0942062/ ST. IMPROV BA CIP 146808 $1,366.30* 06/20/94 $268.59 SUBURBAN CHEVROLET REPAIR PARTS 204404 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 06/20/94 $232.55 SUBURBAN CHEVROLET CONTRACTED REPAIRS 18033 EQUIPMENT OPER CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $12.43 SUBURBAN CHEVROLET REPAIR PARTS 203543 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146809 $513.57* 06/20/94 $316.00 SULLIVAN, MONICA AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146810 $316.00* 06/20/94 $171.99 SUPERAMERICA GASOLINE 051694 EQUIPMENT OPER GASOLINE 146811 $171.99* 06/20/94 $13,813.00 SUPERIOR FORD EQUIPMENT REPLACEMEN 6158 POLICE DEPT. G EQUIP REPLACEM 146812 $13,813.00* 06/20/94 $100.00 SWANSON, HAROLD POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146813 $100.00* 06/20/94 $23.39 SYSTEM SUPPLY GENERAL SUPPLIES 0052535 CENT SVC GENER GENERAL SUPPLI 146814 $23.39* 06/20/94 $9.58 TARGET COST OF GOODS SOLD F 0055 VANVALKENBURG CST OF•GD FOOD 06/20/94 $27.96 TARGET CLEANING SUPPLIES 98800 POOL OPERATION CLEANING SUPPL 06/20/94 $143.38 TARGET GENERAL SUPPLIES 0055 PLAYGROUND & T GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $116.98 TARGET GENERAL SUPPLIES 060594 GRILL GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $164.57 TARGET GENERAL SUPPLIES 060594 NORMANDALE GC GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $91.12 TARGET GENERAL SUPPLIES 93600 FIRE DEPT. GEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146815 $553.59* 06/20/94 $1,907.99 TELEVISION EQUIPMENT A AMMUNITION 940635 POLICE DEPT. G AMMUNITION Page 28 COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM OBJECT - - - -- -PO -NUM__ ------------------------------------------------------------------.------------------ 146816 $1,907.99* 06/20/94 $198.65 TERMINAL SUPPLY CO GENERAL SUPPLIES 46565 43542 METER REPAIR EQUIPMENT OPER GENERAL SUPPLI GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $53.38 TERMINAL SUPPLY CO GENERAL SUPPLIES 1.46817 $252.03* 06/20/94 $94.60 THE CONNECTION ADVERTISING OTHER 00017057 ED ADMINISTRAT ADVERT OTHER 146818 $94.60* 06/20/94 $59.11 THE KANE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 5572609 POOL TRACK GRE PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $59.11 THE KANE SERVICE PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 5557706 POOL TRACK GRE PROF SERVICES 146819 $118.22* 06/20/94 $12.72 THE MENNINGER LETTER DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 041594 FIRE DEPT. GEN DUES & SUBSCRI 146820 $12.72* 06/20/94 $498.42 THE PRINT SHOP MONTHLY NEWSLETTER 23655 'SENIOR CITIZEN GENERAL SUPPLI 146821 $498.42* 06/20/94 $195.75 THE WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 7823 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $384.00 THE WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W SOLD W 7824 8053 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $293.00 - $27.96 THE WINE COMPANY THE WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS CASH DISCOUNTS 7617 50TH ST SELLIN CASH DISCOUNTS 146822 $844.79* 06/20/94 $40.00 THE WINE SPECTATOR DUES & SUBSCRIPTIONS 061494 LIQUOR YORK GE DUES & SUBSCRI 146823 $40.00* 06/20/94 $1,376.31 THOMAS & SONS CONSTRUC CONSTR. IN PROGRESS 93 -8PYMT SIDEWALK CIP 146824 $1,376.31* 06/20/94 $327.75 THOMAS MOORE INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 20975 ADMINISTRATION PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 $402.50 THOMAS MOORE INC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 20909 ADMINISTRATION PROF SERVICES 146825 $730.25* 06/20/94 $8,484.51 THOMSEN- NYBECK PROSECUTING _ 84449 LEGAL SERVICES PROF SERVICES 146826 $8,484.51* 06/20/94 $34.00 THOMSON, MARY BETH CLASS REFUND 060194 ART CNTR PROG REGISTRATION F 146827 $34.00* 06/20/94 $31.35 THORKELSON, LAURA SAFETY EQUIPMENT 053194 POOL ADMIN SAFETY EQUIPME 146828 $31.35* 06/20/94 $142.80 THORPE DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD M 34600 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $2,979.45 THORPE DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 34600 VERNON SELLING CST OF,GDS BEE 06/20/94 $188.55 THORPE DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD M 35078 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 06/20/94 $1,471.25 THORPE DISTRIBUTING CO COST OF GOODS SOLD B 35078 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 146829 $4,782.05* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 29 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 06/20/94 $301.44 TOMBSTONE PIZZA CORPAR COST OF GOODS SOLD F 38704107 POOL CONCESSIO CST OF GD FOOD 146830 $301.44* 06/20/94 $397.95 TOOLS BY OLSEN NORMANDALE EQUIPMENT 81445 GC CIP GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $180.54 - TOOLS BY OLSEN TOOLS 81286 TREES & MAINTE TOOLS 06/20/94 $51.48 TOOLS BY OLSEN SUPPLIES 81446 MAINT OF COURS GENERAL SUPPLI 146831 $629.97* 06/20/94 $1,510.17 TREEMENDOUS INC PLANTINGS & TREES 2098 -0 TREES & MAINTE PLANT & TREES 146832 $1,510.17* 06/20/94 $25.00 TRETTEL, KATHY VISUAL ARTS CL /EB 072194 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146833 $25.00* 06/20/94 $20.59 TRETTEL, KATHY GENERAL SUPPLIES 060794 ED ADMINISTRAT GENERAL SUPPLI 146834 $20.59* 06/20/94 $30.00 TRETTEL, KATHY VISUAL ARTS CL /EB 071694 ED ADMINISTRAT PRO SVC OTHER 146835 $30.00* 06/20/94 $47.56 TRI- COUNTY DISTRIBUTOR COST OF GOODS SOLD 043197 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 146836 $47.56* 06/20/94 $124.92 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT CRAFT SUPPLIES 123887 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $105.60 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT COST OF GOODS SOLD 122392 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 06/20/94 $279.45 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT CRAFT SUPPLIES 122392 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $933.61 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT PLAYGROUND SUPPLIES 122739 PLAYGROUND & T GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $394.02 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT CRAFT SUPPLIES 122391 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $390.23 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT CRAFT SUPPLIES 122390 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $26.88 TRIARCO ARTS & CRAFT COST OF GOODS SOLD F 121139 ART SUPPLY GIF CST OF GD FOOD 146837 $2,254.71* 06/20/94 $1,993.20 TRUGREEN - CHEMLAWN -MTKA WEED SPRAY 060694 GENERAL TURF C WEED SPRAY 06/20/94 $126.30 TRUGREEN - CHEMLAWN -MTKA WEED SPRAY 82354 GENERAL TURF C WEED SPRAY 06/20/94 $96.60 TRUGREEN - CHEMLAWN -MTKA WEED SPRAY 82349 GENERAL TURF C WEED SPRAY 06/20/94 $51.45 TRUGREEN - CHEMLAWN -MTKA WEED SPRAY 87163 GENERAL TURF C WEED SPRAY 146838 $2,267.55* . 06/20/94 $224.39 TURF SUPPLY WEED SPRAY 048637 GENERAL TURF C WEED SPRAY 146839 $224.39* 06/20/94 $596.72 UNITED ELECTRIC CORP REPAIR PARTS 29479400 FIRE DEPT. GEN REPAIR PARTS 3627 146840 $596.72* 06/20/94 $50.33 US WEST CELLULAR PHONE RENTAL 052094 FIRE DEPT. GEN EQUIP RENTAL 06/20/94 $49.67 US WEST CELLULAR PHONE RENTAL 052094 FIRE DEPT. GEN EQUIP RENTAL 06/20/94 $47.52 US WEST CELLULAR PHONE,RENTAL 052094 FIRE DEPT. GEN EQUIP RENTAL 06/20/94 $27.04 US WEST CELLULAR TELEPHONE 060194 PARKING MONITO TELEPHONE 146841. $174.56* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 30 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION - - - - - - -- - -- -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM- --------------- OBJECT PO NUM. - ----------------------------------- 06/20/94 $244.48 - -- - -- - -- US WEST COMMUNICATIONS - -- --- TELEPHONE 062094 062094 ARENA BLDG /GRO POOL OPERATION TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $110.48 $61.66 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS US WEST, COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 062094. MAINT OF COURS TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $150.46 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 062094 VERNON OCCUPAN CLUB HOUSE TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $1,080.77 $54.42 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 062094 062094 PUMP & LIFT ST TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $394.89 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 062094 062094 BUILDING MAINT CENTENNIAL LAK TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $106.47 $55.46 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 062094 SKATING & HOCK TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $39.89 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 062094 062094 GUN RANGE ART CENTER BLD TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 06/20/94 06/20/94 $176.79 $105.33 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 062094 COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 06/20/94 $4,470.87 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 062094 CENT SVC GENER TELEPHONE TELEPHONE 06/2.0/94 $54.44 US WEST COMMUNICATIONS TELEPHONE 062094 DARE 146842 $7,106.41* 06/_20/94 $12.80 US WEST PAGING PAGER 060194 BUILDING MAINT TELEPHONE 146843. $12.80* 06/20/94 $200.00 USAQUATICS CONTRACTED REPAIRS 10147 10148 POOL OPERATION POOL OPERATION CONTR REPAIRS GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $106.50 $180.00 USAQUATICS USAQUATICS GENERAL SUPPLIES CONTRACTED REPAIRS 10146 POOL OPERATION CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 $65.00 USAQUATICS CONTRACTED REPAIRS 10150 POOL OPERATION POOL OPERATION CONTR.REPAIRS PROF SERVICES 06/20/94 06/20/94 $1,280.00 $280.00 USAQUATICS USAQUATICS SERVICE CONTRACT CONTRACTED REPAIRS 10143 10149 POOL OPERATION CONTR REPAIRS 06/20/94 .$625.00 USAQUATICS WAX WATER SLIDE 10144 POOL OPERATION CONTR REPAIRS 146844 $2,736.50* 06/20/94 $295.00 VALLIERE, JOHN OFFICE SUPPLIES 061394- GOLF ADMINISTR OFFICE SUPPLIE 146845 $295.00* 06/20/94 $331.40 VAN O LITE INC REPAIR PARTS 73831 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146846 $331.40* 06/20/94 $553.32 VAN PAPER CO. PAPER SUPPLIES 016938 50TH ST SELLIN GRILL PAPER SUPPLIES GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 06/20/94 $244.42 $1,094.77 VAN PAPER CO. VAN PAPER CO. GENERAL SUPPLIES PAPER SUPPLIES 015898 017114 YORK SELLING PAPER SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $319.66 VAN PAPER CO. PAPER SUPPLIES 016940 VERNON SELLING PAPER SUPPLIES 146847 $2,212.17* 06/20/94 $124.61 VAN WATERS & ROGERS CHEMICALS ST -24487 POOL OPERATION CHEMICALS 146848 $124.61* 06/20/94 $81.65 VAUGHN DISPLAY GENERAL SUPPLIES 002937 ART CENTER ADM GENERAL SUPPLI 146849 $81.65* 06/20/94 $580.00 VISU -SEWER CLEAN & SEA CONTRACTED REPAIRS 9216 GENERAL STORM CONTR REPAIRS 146850 $580.00* 06/20/94 $265.62 WALDOR PUMP & EQUIP REPAIR PARTS 29563 LIFT STATION M REPAIR PARTS COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 31 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT - -- VENDOR- - -- - -- - - -- DESCRIPTION- - - - -- INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM- - -- OBJECT---- - - - -PO -NUM__ --------------- 146851 - -- -- - $265.62* 06/20/94 $84.68 WALKER, MERWYN MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 060994 GOLF ADMINISTR MILEAGE 146852 $84.68* 06/20/94 $100.00 WALSH, WILLIAM POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146853 $100.00* 06/20/94 $99.51 WATER PRO GENERAL SUPPLIES 576518 DISTRIBUTION GENERAL SUPPLI 06/20/94 $68.06 WATER PRO PLASTIC PIPE 572377 GENERAL STORM PIPE 06/20/94 $31.77 WATER PRO PLASTIC PIPE 572376 GENERAL STORM PIPE 146854 $199.34* 06/20/94 $380.00 WENDY ANDERSON ENTERPR PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 060694 ADMINISTRATION PROF SERVICES 146855 $380.00* 06/20/94 $90.00 WERT, CAPRICE CLEANING 016338 CLUB HOUSE SVC CONTR EQUI 1851 06/20/94 $90.00 WERT, CAPRICE CLEANING 016337 CLUB HOUSE SVC CONTR EQUI 146856 $180.00* 06/20/94 $3,610.35 WEST WELD SUPPLY CO. WIRE FEED WELDER 12224 EQUIPMENT OPER EQUIP REPLACEM 4125 146857 $3,610.35* 06/20/94 $139.46 WILSON'S NORTH WEST NU COURSE BEAUTIFICATIO 15873 MAINT OF COURS COURSE BEAUTIF 146858 $139.46* 06/20/94 $166.46 WINEBERG, DON MILEAGE OR ALLOWANCE 0594 GOLF ADMINISTR MILEAGE 146859 $166.46* 06/20/94 $12.00 WIRTH, ROSE CLASS REFUND 060794 ART CNTR FROG REGISTRATION F 146860 $12.00* 06/20/94 $392.25 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 38236 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $546.80 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 38238 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $122.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 15771 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF,GD WINE 06/20/94 $186.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 15723 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $144.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 38059 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $218.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 38096 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 - $48.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 3806.2 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 06/20/94 $384.00 WORLD CLASS WINES INC COST OF GOODS SOLD W 38058 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 146861 $1,945.05* 06/20/94 $143.60 WORLD DRYER REPAIR PARTS 0440307 CENTENNIAL LAK REPAIR PARTS 146862 $143.60* 06/20/94 $100.00 WROBLESKI, HENRY POLICE SERVICES JUNE 199 RESERVE PROGRA PERS SERVICES 146863 $100.00* 06/20/94 $127.07 ZACK'S INCORPORATED GENERAL SUPPLIES 01283 MAINT OF COURS GENERAL SUPPLI 146864 $127.07* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER Fri Jun 17 1994 10:58:34 Page 32 CHECK NO DATE ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT -- PO NUM_ - 06/20/94 $1,597.50 ZIEGLER INC EQUIPMENT RENTAL G1790601,PUMP & LIFT ST EQUIP RENTAL 4101 06/20/94 $15.54 ZIEGLER INC REPAIR PARTS NC20989 EQUIPMENT OPER REPAIR PARTS 146865 $1,613.04* 06/20/94 $77.76 ZINN, BOBO CRAFT SUPPLIES 061394 ART CENTER ADM CRAFT SUPPLIES 06/20/94 $135.00 ZINN, BOBO AC INSTRUCTOR 061394 ART CENTER ADM PROF SERVICES 146866 $212.76* $1,541,457.31 k 0 COUNCIL CHECK SUMMARY Fri Jun 17 1994 11:09:20 Page 1 =-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FUND # 10 GENERAL FUND $891,333.68 FUND # 12 COMMUNICATION $9,482.84 FUND # 15 WORKING CAPITAL $6,344.37 FUND #. 23 ART CENTER $7,188.77 FUND # 26 SWIMMING POOL $7,016.75 FUND # 27 GOLF COURSE $177,335.30 FUND # 28 ICE ARENA $70,361.62 FUND # 29 GUN RANGE $2,019.77 FUND # 30 EDINB /CENT LAKES $18,392.91 FUND # 40 UTILITY FUND $42,122.67 FUND # 41 STORM SEWER $6,114.06 FUND # 42 RECYCLING $39,779.77 FUND # 50 LIQUOR FUND $63,710.69 FUND # 60 CONSTRUCT FUND $200,254.11 $1,541,457.31 w COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 1 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR - -- DESCRIPTION - - - -- - INVOICE - - - - -- PROGRAM -- -------- PO -NUM_- -- OBJECT 05/02/94 $74.00 - -- - - - -- MINNESOTA D.N.R. AQUATIC WEED PERMIT 042594. WEED CONTROL PROF SERVICES 144417 $74.00* 05/06/94 - $239,000.00 CITY OF EDINA PAYROLL TRANSFER 050694. LIQUOR PROG CASH 05/06/94 $239,000.00 CITY OF EDINA PAYROLL TRANSFER 050694- LIQUOR FROG CASH 144418 $.00* 05/10/94 $21,376.69 FIDELITY BANK PAYROLL TAXES 050694 GENERAL FD PRO PAYROLL PAYABL 144419 $21,376.69* 05/16/94 $94.90 MINNESOTA BAR SUPPLY MIX 150312. VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 144420 $94.90* 05/16/94 $306.50 THE WINE COMPANY WINE 7078. YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $293.00 THE WINE COMPANY WINE 7118. VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $373.00 THE WINE COMPANY WINE 7119. YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $679.98 THE WINE COMPANY WINE 7117. 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 144421 $1,652.48* 05/12/94 $19.62 PERA PERA 050694 GENERAL FD PRO P.E.R.A. PAYAB 144422 $19.62* 05/12/94 $30,761.68 PERA PERA 051294 GENERAL FD PRO P.E.R.A. PAYAB 144423 $30,761.68* 05/20/94 $190,000.00 CITY OF EDINA PAYROLL TRANSFER 052094 LIQUOR PROG CASH 05/20/94 - $190,000.00 CITY OF EDINA PAYROLL TRANSFER 052094 LIQUOR PROG CASH 144424 $.00* 05/23/94 $21,918.88 FIDELITY BANK FICA /MEDICARE 052394 GENERAL FD PRO PAYROLL PAYABL 144425 $21,918.88* 05/23/94 $986.50 COMMERCIAL LIFE INSURA INSURANCE 052094 CENT SVC GENER HOSPITALIZATIO 144426 $986.50* 05/23/94 $19.62 PERA PERA 052394 GENERAL FD PRO P.E.R.A. PAYAB 144427 $19.62* 05/23/94 $28,365.17 PERA PERA 052094 GENERAL FD PRO P.E.R.A. PAYAB 144428 $28,365.17* 05/23/94$160.00 MACHOLDA,ED PETTY CASH 052394 SWIM PROG PETTY CASH 144429 $160.00 05/24/94 $2,797.20 RELIANCE INSURANCE 052494 CENT SVC GENER HOSPITALIZATIO 144430 $2,797.20* 05/26/94 $30.00 BERTRAND, JULIA PETTY CASH 052694 WORK. CAP. PRO CHANGE FUND 144431 $30.00* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 2 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION - -- - -- -- -- INVOICE -- - -- PROGRAM OBJECT - - - -- - -PO NUM. 3 4444 05/09/94 - $6 8. 8 8 r $903.96 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W M 21613 21614 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GDS WINE MIX 05/09/94 05/09/94 $9.80 $286.26 EAGLE WINE EAGLE WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W 21615 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $187.60 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21616 50TH ST SELLIN SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 $643.60 EAGLE WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 19180 21617 50TH ST YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 $687.85 $274.23 EAGLE WINE EAGLE WINE, COST OF GOODS SOLD W 22916 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $87.17 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21618 21619 50TH ST SELLIN YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 $27.42 $474.56 EAGLE WINE EAGLE WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 21620 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $22.67 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 21621 YORK SELLING ST SELLIN CST CST OF OF GDS GD MIX WINE 05/09/94 $84.74 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21727 50TH 145603 $3,689.86* 05/09/94 - $42.00 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 149176 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 - $19.25 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 149177 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 - $64.70 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 149267 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD GD WINE 05/09/94 $365.45 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 19575 27191 YORK SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $132.00 ED PHILLIPS & PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 28499 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 05/09/94 05/09/94 $29.70 $236.85 ED ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28707 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $426.63 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28713 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 $467.43 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28715 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GD GD WINE 05/09/94 $587.30 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W W 28768 28769 50TH ST SELLIN VERNON SELLING CST CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 $1,200.90 $132.00 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W 28802 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $295.00 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28803 YORK SELLING CST OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 $426.61 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28955 50TH ST SELLIN SELLIN CST CST OF OF GDS BEE 05/09/94 $18.60 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD B W 28956 28958 50TH ST VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 $1,145.65 $18.15 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 28959 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 05/09/94 $1,271.09 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28981 YORK SELLING CST OF GD GD WINE LIQU 05/09/94 $339.78 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 29161 50TH ST SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $1,756.34 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L W 29169 149175 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 - $137.00 $389.97 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 29171 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 145605 $8,976.50* 05/09/94 $1,334.49 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 21724 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/09/94 $2,038.28 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 21725 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $703.63 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 21728 50TH ST SELLIN 50TH ST SELLIN CST CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 - $14.28 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W L 03530 21729 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 05/09/94 $1,163.48 $171.96 GRIGGS COOPER GRIGGS COOPER & CO. & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 50589' VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/09/94 $567.11 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 21730 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $175.93 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 21731 YORK SELLING CST OF OF GDS MIX GD LIQU 05/09/94 $2,890.49 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 21732 YORK SELLING CST AN COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 3 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT - - VENDOR -- - - -- - ---- - - DESCRIPTION - - -- -- --------------- - - INVOICE - - -- -- PROGRAM - -- OBJECT - -- PO NUM -- - _ - ---------------------------- 145606 $9,031.09* 05/09/94 $668.20 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1872993 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $1,485.81 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1873009 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $2,747.49 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1873017 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $345.14 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1873025 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $356.17 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1873033 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $393.36 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1873041 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $938.39 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1872985 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $1,812.71 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1873058 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $1,986.24 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1875053 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $427.63 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1875020 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $564.21 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1875038 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $1,124.47 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1875046 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 145607 $12,849.82* 05/09/94 $951.55 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21241 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $393.20 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21242 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $523.49 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 21243 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 145608 $1,868.24* 05/09/94 $372.58 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 183357 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $877.92 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 183966 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE WINE 05/09/94 - $59.00 QUALITY WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 182984 183968 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE 05/09/94 05/09/94 $1,659.27 $969.09 QUALITY WINE QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 184565 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $908.74 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 183971 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/09/94 $71.90 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 183973 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 05/09/94 $2,924.48 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 184515 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $65.97 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 184517 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $2,424.81 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 184564 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/09/94 $178.20 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 184653 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 145609 $10,393.96* 05/16/94 $64.25 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 23926 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $145.43 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 23927 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 $470.65 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 24009 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $986.91 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 24007 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $693.99 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 24008 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 145982 $2,361.23* 05/16/94 $896.15 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31086 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $75.75 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 31087 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 05/16/94 $1,304.73 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31094 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $304.15 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD B 31095 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 05/16/94 $714.90 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31164 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $59.60 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 30419 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 $728.60 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31170 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $192.04 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 32284 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $975.35 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31172 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 4 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE -- - PROGRAM - -- OBJECT- - - - - - PO -NUM__ 05/16/94 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- $256.25 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31226 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD,WINE 05/16/94 $534.39 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31234 31236 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/16/94 $478.58 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 31237 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 05/16/94 $34.95 $347.55 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 31399 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $464.81 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 31403 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/16/94 $709.41 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 31436 YORK SELLING. 50TH ST SELLIN CST CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $865.20 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W L 31642 31681 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 05/16/94 $53.93 $899.64 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 31750 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $36.00 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 31865 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 145984 $9,931.98* 05/16/94 $26.68 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 22733 YORK SELLING SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/16/94 $2,222.60 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L L 24145 24146 VERNON VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 05/16/94 $2,779.44 $1,866.89 GRIGGS COOPER GRIGGS COOPER & CO. & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 24147 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $53.36 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 24148 50TH ST SELLIN SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE LIQU 05/16/94 $747.56 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST CASH OF GOODS SOLD DISCOUNTS L 24149 03647 50TH ST VERNON SELLING CASH DISCOUNTS 05/16/94 05/16/94 - $12.18 $1,979.91 GRIGGS COOPER GRIGGS COOPER & CO. & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 24150 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $33.12 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 24151 YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE LIQU 05/16/94 $1,526.12 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 24151 YORK SELLING 145985 $11,223.50* 05/16/94 $740.22 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1905926 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GDS WINE MIX 05/16/94 $63.06 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD M L 1905934 1905942 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 05/16/94 $1,828.62 $1,885.31 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1905959 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $548.81 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1905991 50TH ST SELLIN ST SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/16/94 $244.44 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 1906007 1906015 50TH 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 05/16/94 $39.54 $207.30 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1906023 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $1,929.16 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1906031 50TH ST SELLIN ST SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/16/94 $702.73 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L W 1906049 1906064 50TH YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 05/16/94 $1,683.99 $712.91 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1906072 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $22.51 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 1906080 YORK SELLING CST OF OF GDS GD MIX LIQU 05/16/94 $2,529.54 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1906098 YORK SELLING CST CST OF GD WINE 05 1694 806.31 CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1906106 YORKOSELLINGNG CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $2$695.11 JOHNSON WINE 145987 $16,639.56* 05/16/94 $25.24 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 23522 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GDS GD MIX WINE 05/16/94 $1,083.84 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 23521 VERNON SELLING 50TH ST SELLIN CST CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $594.20 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 23523 23526 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 05/16/94 $25.24 $25.24 PRIOR WINE COMPANY PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST COST OF GOODS SOLD M 23524 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 05/16/94 $947.66 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 23525 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 145988 $2,701.42* COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 5 CHECK NO ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT - - -PO NUM_ - 05/16/94 - $98.95 QUALITY WINE CASH DISCOUNTS 185507 YORK SELLING CASH DISCOUNTS 05/16/94 $3,359.80 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 186270 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $1,565.19 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 186453 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $7,478.67 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 186286 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $3,379.47 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 186287 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $2,103.86 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 186401 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $130.75 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 186415 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/16/94 $329.60 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 186439 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 05/16/94 $732.44 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD•W 186441 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/16/94 $144.15 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 186448 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 05/16/94 $53.45 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 186458 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 145989 $19,178.43* 05/23/94 $1,278.49 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 26406 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $467.68 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 26407 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $22.67 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 26410 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/23/94 $22.67 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26407 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $441.08 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 26408 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 145993 $2,232.59* 05/23/94 $423.10 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33422 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $50.50 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 33423 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/23/94 $1,026.65 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33424 VERNON SELLING CST.OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $593.08 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33425 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $39.15 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33426 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $147.20 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33438 50TH ST,SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $39.15 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 33440 50TH ST;SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 05/23/94 $173.75 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 13615 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $322.45 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33504 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $772.28 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 33715 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $42.00 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33505 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $665.75 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33535 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $996.52 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33539 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $1,139.02 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 33543 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $346.58 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 33679 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $30.40 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 33681 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/23/94 $766.33 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST 'OF GOODS SOLD L 33682 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 145995 $7,573.91* 05/23/94 $3,523.59 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26480 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $811.05 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26481 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $1,646.41 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26479 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $1,417.32 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26482 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $3,620.99 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26485 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $708.02 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 26483 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $192.78 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 26484 YORK SELLING CST.OF GDS MIX 145996 $11,920.16* - 05/23/94 -$6.13 JOHNSON WINE CO. CASH DISCOUNTS 1902022 50TH ST SELLIN CASH DISCOUNTS COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 6 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE - PROGRAM - - -- - - - -- OBJECT --- - - - -PO -NUM. 05/23/94 $792.47 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1938661 1893197 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CASH OF DISCOUNTS GD WINE 05/23/94 - $42.62 JOHNSON WINE CO. CASH COST DISCOUNTS OF GOODS SOLD W 1938679 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 05/23/94 $609.17 $628.69 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1946847 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU MIX 05/23/94 $132.62 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 1938687 VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GDS GD LIQU 05/23/94 $1,259.33 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD SOLD L 1938695 L 1938703 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $3,059.92 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD W 1938737 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 05/23/94 $488.86 $33.71 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1938745 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $279.85 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1938752 50TH ST SELLIN 50TH.ST SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GDS WINE MIX 05/23/94 $8.51 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF -GOODS SOLD SOLD M 1938760 W 1938774 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $73.98 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD L 1938786 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 05/23/94 $412.67 $936.75 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1938794 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 $173.23 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1938810 YORK SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/23/94 $695.85 JOHNSON WINE -WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W 1938828 M 1938836 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/23/94 05/23/94 $22.74 $1,353.62 JOHNSON JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1938844 YORK SELLING CST OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/23/94 $964.27 JOHNSON WINE.CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1938851 YORK SELLING CST OF 145998 $11,877.49* 05/23/94 $716.81 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 25849 VERNON SELLING SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/23/94 $305.16 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 25850 W 25851 50TH ST YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $770.36 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD 145999 $1,792.33* 05/23/94 $31.13 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 188098 VERNON SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/23/94 $1,771.40 QUALITY WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L 188099 L 188113 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/23/94 05/23/94 $3,456.46 $930.03 QUALITY WINE QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 188114 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU LIQU 05/23/94 $178.20 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 186963 VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE 05/23/94 $650.34 QUALITY WINE =. COST OF GOODS SOLD SOLD W 188243 W 188779 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 $164.60 QUALITY WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD W 188244 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/23/94 05/23/94 $744.45 $1,219.43 QUALITY WINE QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 188246 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE LIQU 05/2 -3/94 $134.36 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 188518 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD 146000 $9,280.40* 05/31/94 $548.97 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28151 YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $325.31 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28146 2825.5 VERNON SELLING 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $211.86 EAGLE WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 28739 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $82.66 $195.14 EAGLE WINE EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD M 28738 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX WINE 05/31/94 $231.48 EAGLE WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 29978 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD 146004 $1,595.42* 05/31/94 - $96.32 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 149665 YORK SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $1,146.48 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W 31325 W 34003 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $20.90 $840.70 ED PHILLIPS ED PHILLIPS & SONS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 35625 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE AN M . COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 7 CHECK NO CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR- - DESCRIPTION- - - - INVOICE- ---- PROGRAM - - - -- OBJECT-------- PO -NUM_ - --------- -DATE -- - 05/31/94 $2,042.45 - -- -- ED PHILLIPS & -- - - SONS - - - -- COST OF GOODS SOLD W 35627 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $1,114.10 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 35651 YORK SELLING 50TH ST!SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE 05/31/94 $849.04 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 35676 35678 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $622.66 $29.80 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD M 35693 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 $901.59 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W 35724 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $1,040.37 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD W L 35727 35775 VERNON SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $735.33 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W 35955 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $1,035.82 - $30.00 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 149664 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $293.85 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 36030 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF OF GD GD LIQU WINE 05/31/94 $442.00 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 36547 36037 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 05/31/94 $68.80 $1,354.05 ED PHILLIPS & ED PHILLIPS & SONS SONS COST COST OF GOODS SOLD L 36038 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $150.92_ ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 36055 YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/31/94 $1,600.28 ED PHILLIPS & SONS COST OF GOODS SOLD L 36056 YORK SELLING 146006 $14,162.82* 05/31/94 $1,181.16 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 28782 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD LIQU LIQU 05/31/94 $145.01 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L M 28783 28786 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 05/31/94 $349.57 $4,112.63 GRIGGS COOPER GRIGGS COOPER & CO. & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 28787 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 - $100.98 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 04134 VERNON SELLING SELLIN CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE LIQU 05/31/94 $532.85 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L L 28788 28794 50TH ST YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 05/31/94 $2,898.33 $53.36 GRIGGS COOPER GRIGGS COOPER & CO. & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 28789 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $1,359.97 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 28790 50TH ST SELLIN YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GDS LIQU MIX 05/31/94 $33.17 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD M L 28792 28793 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $160.08 GRIGGS COOPER & CO. 146007 $10,725.15* 05/31/94 $2.60 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST-OF GOODS SOLD W 0030346 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $3.90 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 0030379 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $165.39 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 1980655 1872035 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 -$4.29 $91.18 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1969369 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $1,288.57 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1969377 YORK SELLING YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 $976.85 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W M 1969385 1969393 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 05/31/94 $125.12 $106.73 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1969401 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $344.82 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1969419 YORK SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE LIQU 05/31/94 $425.42 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1969427 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $3,464.18 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD L W 1969435 1971621 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $521.19 $936.78 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971639 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $739.53 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971647 VERNON SELLING CST OF OF GD GDS WINE MIX 05/31/94 $198.28 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD M W 1971654 1971662 VERNON SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $320.18 $768.94 JOHNSON WINE JOHNSON WINE CO. CO. COST COST OF OF GOODS SOLD W 1971670 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $2,029.78 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1971688 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU- COUNCIL CHECK REGISTER FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 10:55:44 Page 8 CHECK NO DATE CHECK AMOUNT VENDOR DESCRIPTION INVOICE PROGRAM OBJECT PO NUM. 05/31/94 $3,335.30 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1971696 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $585.73 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971712 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $1,080.24 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971720 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $428.39 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971738 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $30.02 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD M 1971746 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 $227.53 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971753 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $86.20 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD W 1971761 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $342.89 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1971779 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $1,495.39 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS.SOLD L 1971787 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $44.95 JOHNSON WINE CO. COST OF GOODS SOLD L 1977446 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 146009 $20,161.79* 05/31/94 $59.40 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 24911 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $514.80 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28147 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $127.56 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 22588 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $1,234.10 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28148 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $324.72 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28152 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $328.68 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28149 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $646.76 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28150 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $25.24 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 28791 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 $25.24 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 28154 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 $50.49 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD M 28785 VERNON SELLING CST OF GDS MIX 05/31/94 $1,780.68 PRIOR WINE COMPANY COST OF GOODS SOLD W 28153 YORK SELLING CST OF GD WINE 146010 $5,117.67* 05/31/94 $64.85 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 188786 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $189.68 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS GOODS SOLD SOLD W W 190324 190148 YORK SELLING VERNON SELLING CST CST OF OF GD GD WINE WINE 05/31/94 05/31/94 $1,274.87 $1,213.18 QUALITY WINE QUALITY WINE COST COST OF OF GOODS SOLD W 190146 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94- $36.90 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 190145 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GDS BEE 05/31/94 $33.41 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 188569 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $1,828.06 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 190128 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $128.21 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 189871 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $89.35 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD B 190126 YORK SELLING CST OF GDS BEE 05/31/94 $1,679.01 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 189886 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD LIQU 05/31/94 $4,110.91 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 189885 VERNON SELLING CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $64.10 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD W 189873 50TH ST SELLIN CST OF GD WINE 05/31/94 $2,929.01 QUALITY WINE COST OF GOODS SOLD L 189872 YORK SELLING CST OF GD LIQU 146011 $13,641.54* $327,183.60 , a.. . COUNCIL CHECK SUMMARY FOR HAND CHECKS Wed Jun 8 1994 11:00:41 Page 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FUND # 10 GENERAL FUND $106,245.36 FUND # 15 WORKING CAPITAL $104.00 FUND # 26 SWIMMING POOL $160.00 FUND # 50 LIQUOR FUND $220,674.24 $327,183.60 1* f PROJECT SITE ED I NR o M I NNESOTR �r S 2 x£ t " �i vi Im k P.;. P{ e, BY ME Y LEWIS 3 5 �^z � M`k 1 5* ', S r tF zwza t t #� rn �, z x„ {, . , ., ,. ..: r , ,...x... N ,... £g t ...,.. e .,. „�e,es;,n.: m'tw�a` :xc,:;,.k. ,+., ;', .. , •,.., k < r.,.., , :. ?. , .. ,, ,., �y t. ,,,. , .-. �:..,.., , . , . ,.,, , r �r S 2 x£ t " �i vi Im k LEWIS RIDGE TOWNHOMES .` r r tF t #� �, z x„ {, . , ., ,. ..: r , ,...x... N ,... ...,.. e .,. „�e,es;,n.: m'tw�a` :xc,:;,.k. ,+., ;', .. , •,.., k < r.,.., , :. ?. , .. ,, ,., �y t. ,,,. , .-. �:..,.., , . , . ,.,, , D E 4 r a y LEWIS RIDGE TOWNHOMES .` r r t #� �, z x„ {, . , ., ,. ..: r , ,...x... N ,... ...,.. e .,. „�e,es;,n.: m'tw�a` :xc,:;,.k. ,+., ;', .. , •,.., k < r.,.., , :. ?. , .. ,, ,., �y t. ,,,. , .-. �:..,.., , . , . ,.,, , 160 FEET 1047 + a ion 0644 "V, J to All- WNa. '3 1 NCO V, CA RUM �k4 v. CATE Okd All, au sue' Mk' Apo 117,", 160 FEET 0 ,o� I WREDY CERTIFY THRT T41S PLFN " PREPORED By W OR 0 160 FEE=,` I WREDY CERTIFY THRT T41S PLFN " PREPORED By W OR G/6JJ 0W MY OIRECT SUPERVISION FIND THOT I Rm R DULY RMSTERED PwOFESSION-AL EWINCER MIER THE, LOWC. OF TKE STATE OF MINNESOTA. G/BJj OF TE 43 RE�MS REL NO. RESSIONS TILE: 160 FEE=,` e nom !ON 84L _71 HYDRRNT 1- SATE VE ... ... IRE LOCATTONS OF EXISTINC UNDERGROUND UTILITIES ARE SHOWN !N AN APPROXIMRTE WRY ONLY THE EXAVRT N iCONTRK OR SHOD. L DETERMINE THE, EMT LOCATION OF RLL. EXISTING UTLInTIES BEFORE t COMMENCING 0% NE AGREES TO BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR RNY AND ALL L)RMAGES WHICH MIGHT BE OCCRSIONEG BY HIS FAILURE TO EXACTLY LOCATE AND PRESERVE ANY RNO ALL UNDERCROUND UTILITIES, 0 K 40 160 FEE T 11SICNED Bw (ICBED BY 1 HEREBY CERTIFY THRT THIS PLON WRS PREPRRED BY ME OR ADME mic/80 J MY OPEC7 SUPERVISION RND THRT I RM R LULY w,h MICRO! WON I v:NK L-Aw REGISTERED PROFESSIONRL ENGINEER UNDER THE L% OF THE OF MINNES00. L ALI 10004 BY OWN Ar 91LA is "�v . .. . .... ..... . ... w: 2 18 219 7 REG, Rk ......... . L761-17A, IRE LOCATTONS OF EXISTINC UNDERGROUND UTILITIES ARE SHOWN !N AN APPROXIMRTE WRY ONLY THE EXAVRT N iCONTRK OR SHOD. L DETERMINE THE, EMT LOCATION OF RLL. EXISTING UTLInTIES BEFORE t COMMENCING 0% NE AGREES TO BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR RNY AND ALL L)RMAGES WHICH MIGHT BE OCCRSIONEG BY HIS FAILURE TO EXACTLY LOCATE AND PRESERVE ANY RNO ALL UNDERCROUND UTILITIES, 0 K 40 160 FEE T 11SICNED Bw (ICBED BY 1 HEREBY CERTIFY THRT THIS PLON WRS PREPRRED BY ME OR ADME mic/80 J MY OPEC7 SUPERVISION RND THRT I RM R LULY w,h MICRO! WON I v:NK L-Aw REGISTERED PROFESSIONRL ENGINEER UNDER THE L% OF THE OF MINNES00. L ALI 10004 BY OWN A07EP L "�v 5/13/94 2 18 219 7 REG, Rk ......... . L761-17A, IRE LOCATTONS OF EXISTINC UNDERGROUND UTILITIES ARE SHOWN !N AN APPROXIMRTE WRY ONLY THE EXAVRT N iCONTRK OR SHOD. L DETERMINE THE, EMT LOCATION OF RLL. EXISTING UTLInTIES BEFORE t COMMENCING 0% NE AGREES TO BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR RNY AND ALL L)RMAGES WHICH MIGHT BE OCCRSIONEG BY HIS FAILURE TO EXACTLY LOCATE AND PRESERVE ANY RNO ALL UNDERCROUND UTILITIES, 0 K 40 160 FEE T ADME w,h MICRO! WON I v:NK L-Aw BE 140 POE, L ALI FT S A07EP L "�v 7 L761-17A, IRE LOCATTONS OF EXISTINC UNDERGROUND UTILITIES ARE SHOWN !N AN APPROXIMRTE WRY ONLY THE EXAVRT N iCONTRK OR SHOD. L DETERMINE THE, EMT LOCATION OF RLL. EXISTING UTLInTIES BEFORE t COMMENCING 0% NE AGREES TO BE FULLY RESPONSIBLE FOR RNY AND ALL L)RMAGES WHICH MIGHT BE OCCRSIONEG BY HIS FAILURE TO EXACTLY LOCATE AND PRESERVE ANY RNO ALL UNDERCROUND UTILITIES, 0 K 40 160 FEE T SHFURS CONIFEROUS T spreading Yew Taxus mWis 5 gal. 33 cola . AS jMr p1ml densi,fair p "".tigho Pi-ne Finns mum) 5 gal. 25 C, or It: . As pel p3ml vuMil R) Blue Chip Junipprous 5 gal. J4 S'- L)214:;. AS pr5- pl,-m Wrizontalls Hlkw c1lip, AM Aronia 3 qW. 27 As pol pli-m y t:Ielanocarpa elata CI Isanvi lKyMM Cornks, �-,Pricva 5 gal. 94 wvnt. An pva p1mi 'Isant,i' is Dv' ,I; f Euony;,"Lls, FlIonyll"us 5 gal. 15 —nt. Q; 1wr plan. Mattis colmnaltus PF Futontilia 10t,entilla I gal. 45 Mwt As ;Wx jdan fruticosa 'AlMotswryul' PH PJM PK)dvlf-?.jidrori on 11,7. , 5 1. cont ?w por plan ""mooth SuIrl ac', Rhus ql rah ra 1 gal. 96 C-Ut. Triangulate Mc. RA Alpine Current RiMS alPil"IM 3 qW. 92 MMt. 2' nan Omar u, 'Grnen iMoun(l' to hef"11(jo -After suffictIMA grCUM Sj Little Princess splt+lea japonif-a 2 gal. 20 C'M F. As per p1mi spilea 'Little Princess' rAStr,M LOC'SELY TO LATM OR As "" wy mum E rx A- VAC t=, QnQ Q"M kk AT AN AMNE 15 1"t 30P 45T$ SA-QT ON WALL) MOMM it EATR'N" C M