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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2007-08-01 Work Session Packet11,1i 1C;1 ( _ ( ...for living, learning, raising families & doing business 2008 Comprehensive Plan 1 Edina Comprehensive Plan Update Joint Meeting of Planning Commission and Transportation Commission Wednesday, August 1, 2007 5:00 — 8:00 pm AGENDA The main objectives for the Commissioners at this meeting are: • to hear and discuss presentations of the draft Transportation and Land Use / Community Design chapters of the Edina 2008 Comprehensive Plan Update, and • to address questions developed by City staff and consultants to give directions on continuing and completing the drafts, with focus given to the necessary inter-relationships between these two chapters. 1. Brief Update of Comp Plan Update Work Progress to date • See attached updated (07-12-07) schedule 2. Transportation Plan • See attached draft materials 3. Land Use / Community Design • See attached draft materials Edina Comp Plan Update 2008 Upcoming Planning Commission Task Force Meetings Schedule and Agenda Items DRAFT 07-12-07 Date Agenda Item Meeting Objective 13-Jun Southdale Land Use and Transp. Report Review/comment Land Use Categories Final review Land Use Map Final review Existing Conditions Collect comments 27-Jun Housing Review/comment Community Design Review/comment 11-Jul Housing Sign off Parks, Open Space, Nat. Res. Review/comment 1-Aug Transportation Review/comment Land Use and Community Design Sign off 8-Aug Vision and Goals Sign off Heritage Review/comment Water Resources Review/comment 15-Aug Heritage Sign off Parks, Open Space, Nat. Res. Sign off Community Facilities Review/comment 29-Aug Water Resources Sign off Community Facilities Sign off Transportation Sign off Dan Cornejo Edina Comprehensive Plan Draft Outline for Transportation Section WSB & Associates, Inc. August 1, 2007 8.0 TRANSPORTATION 8.1 Introduction -general transportation overview (including relationship between transportation and land use issues/planning -transportation policies 8.2 Existing Conditions -roadway overview: existing functional/jurisdictional classification systems; traffic volumes; problem areas (congestion, etc ) -safety analysis (presentation/assessment of crash data) -existing transit service/facilities -non-motorized transportation -freight movement -aviation 8.3 Transportation Planning Context -relevant transportation studies/documents -reference Edina land use scenario from Section 5 of full Comp Plan 8.4 Roadway/Network Planning -planned/programmed roadway improvement projects -traffic forecasting/future deficiency assessment -mid- to long-term improvement needs -proposed functional classification map -roadway jurisdiction issues -access management -intersection control -congestion reduction/Travel Demand Management 8.5 Urban/Aesthetic Design Standards for Transportation Facilties [provided by URS) -aesthetic design standards by roadway classification [or by corridor/area?] -gateway treatments -other? 8.6 Transit Plan -general transit (discuss potential future service/facility needs, areas for future study) -Greater Southdale Area Edina Transportation Plan Draft Outline 1 8.7 Non-Motorized Transportation -pedestrian issues: sidewalk network coverage/continuity; safety; other -bicycle system plan (reference Bike Task Force work, summarize) 8.8 Other Transportation Issues -Freight -Aviation -other as needed Edina Transportation Plan Draft Outline 2 8.0 TRAI\ SPORTATION 8.1 Introduction Transportation Planning Overview Effective transportation planning is critically important for a community such as Edina. Residents must be provided with transportation facilities and services which meet mobility needs in an efficient and safe manner. Transportation facilities, at the same time, need to be planned and constructed so as to limit social, environmental, and aesthetic to the greatest degree feasible. Residents who cannot or choose not to drive need to have transportation options to meet their daily needs. There is fundamental link between transportation planning and land use planning. Successful land use planning cannot take place without taking transportation considerations into account. Conversely, transportation planning is driven by the need to support future land uses which the community supports and/or anticipates. Chapter 5 of this Comprehensive Plan identified existing and planned future land uses. The remainder of this section has been prepared with the goal of supporting the land use vision identified in Chapter 5. City of Edina Transportation Policies 8.2 Existing Conditions 8.3.1 Roadway Network The City of Edina within the regional roadway network is depicted on Figure 8.1. It can be seen that Edina is a first-tier suburb within the 1-494 beltway. Important regional roadways which pass through or adjacent to the City are: 1-494, Trunk Highway (TH) 169, TH 100, and TH 62 (Crosstown). Cities which are adjacent to Edina are: Minneapolis, St. Louis Park, Minnetonka, Eden Prairie, Bloomington, and Richfield. Figure 8.2 provides an aerial photograph of Edina roadways and the land uses they support. The functional classification system is the creation of a roadway and street network which collects and distributes traffic from neighborhood streets to collector roadways to arterials and ultimately, the Metropolitan Highway System. Roads are placed into categories based on the degree to which they provide access to adjacent land versus provide higher-speed mobility for "through" traffic. Functional classification is a cornerstone of transportation planning. Within this approach, roads are located and designed and to perfoun their designated function. The functional classification system used in the City of Edina, as described below and shown in Figure 8.3, conforms to the Metropolitan Council standards. The Metropolitan Council has published these criteria in the Transportation Development Guide/Policy Plan. This guide separates roadways into five (5) street classifications, including principal arterials, minor arterials, major collectors, minor collectors and local streets. These classifications address the function of state, county and city streets from a standpoint of the safe and efficient movement of traffic through the City while providing satisfactory access to residents and businesses located within the City. Principal Arterial Roadways have the highest traffic volume and capacity. They are considered part of the Metropolitan Highway System. They are intended to connect the Metropolitan Centers with one another and connect major business concentrations, important transportation terminals, and large institutional facilities. They are typically spaced 2-6 miles apart in developing areas and 6-12 miles apart in commercial/agricultural and general rural areas. Interchanges on principal arterials are unusually spaced at least one mile apart in urban areas. The principal arterials through or adjacent to Edina are: • 1-494 • TH 100 • TH 169 • TH 62 (Crosstown) Minor Arterial roadways connect important locations within the Project Area with access points to the Metropolitan Highway System and with other locations in the region. Minor arterial roadways and highways serve less concentrated traffic generating areas, such as neighborhood shopping centers and schools. Minor arterial roadways serve as boundaries to neighborhoods and distribute traffic from collector streets. Although the predominant function of minor arterial streets is the movement of through traffic, they also serve considerable local traffic that originates or is destined to points along specific corridors. The Metropolitan Council has identified "A" minor arterials as streets that are of regional importance because they relieve, expand, or complement the principal arterial system. The "A" minor arterials in the Edina area are summarized in Table 8.1, below. Table 8.1 — "A" Minor Arterial Roadways Roadway From To Type CSAH 17 (France Ave.) Southern City Limit Northern City Limit Reliever Arterial Valley View Rd. TH 62 66th St. Reliever Arterial 66th St. Valley View Rd. Eastern City Limit Reliever Arterial Washington Ave. Valley View Rd. 78th St. Reliever Arterial Valley View Rd./78th St./Edina hid. Blvd./77th Western City Limit Eastern City Limit Reliever Arterial St./76th St. CSAH 21 50th St. TH 100 CSAH 17 (France Ave.) Augmenter Arterial All other minor arterials are considered "B" minor arterials. "B" minor arterials have the same general function as "A" minor arterials but are not eligible for federal funds. They have similar characteristics to Collector Streets (see below). The "B" minor arterial roadways in Edina are identified in Table 8.2, below. Roadway From To CSAH 158 (Vernon Road) TH 62 (Crosstown) TH 100 Blake Rd./Interlachen Rd. North City Limits Vernon Ave. Gleason Rd TH 62 (Crosstown) Valley View Rd. Valley View Rd./Tracy Ave. Gleason Rd. Olinger Blvd. Valley View Rd./Braemar Blvd./Dewy Hill Rd. TH 169 Cahill Rd. Cahill Rd. 78th St. 70th St. W. 70th St. Cahill Blvd. CSAH 17 (France Ave.) Norrnandale Rd.Nalley View Rd. Benton Ave. TH 62 (Crosstown) Valley View Rd./69th St. W. 66th St. Eastern City Limit CSAH 31 (York/Xerxes Ave.) TH 62 (Crosstown) Southern City Limit W. 77th Ave./Minnesota Dr. Parklawn Ave. Edinborough Way Edinborough Way W. 76th St. CSAH 31 (Xerxes Ave.) Wooddale Ave. W. 50th St. Valley View Rd. Collector Streets (Major and Minor) provide direct service to residential areas, commercial and industrial areas, local parks, churches, etc. In order to preserve the amenities of neighborhoods while still providing direct access to business areas, these streets are usually spaced at one-half mile intervals. This spacing allows for the collection of local traffic and conveyance of that traffic to higher use streets. Collector streets may also serve as local through routes. Collector roadways in the Edina are summarized in Table 8.2, below. Table 8.2 Collector Streets Street From To Lincoln Drive TH 169 Maloney Ave. Maloney Avenue Lincoln Drive Blake Road Brookside Ave. Interlachen Blvd. North City Limit 44th St. Brookside Ave. East City Limit Normandale Rd. Benton Ave. Eden Ave. Eden Avenue Vernon Ave. 50th St. 49 112th St./51st St. France Ave France Ave. 54th St. Wooddale France Ave. Southview Lane/Concord Ave/58th St. TH 100 France Ave. 60th St. France Ave. Xerxes Ave. Wilson Rd./Norm andale Rd. Eden Ave. Benton Ave. Benton Ave. Tracy Ave. TH 100 Tracy Ave. Vernon Ave. Olinger Blvd. Olinger Blvd. Vernon Ave. Tracy Ave. McCauley Trail Gleason Rd. Valley View Rd. Gleason Rd. Valley View Rd. W. 78t1 St. Valley View Road Braemar Blvd Gleason Ave. Valley Lane Valley View Rd 66th St. 66t1 St. Valley Lane Valley View Rd. Antrim Rd. Valley View Rd. 70th St. 70th St. Antrim Rd. Cahill Rd. Hazelton Rd. CSAH 17 (France Ave.) CSAH 31 (York Ave.) Parklawn Ave. CSAH 17 (France Ave.) CSAH 31 (York Ave.) Local Streets provide the most access and the least mobility within the overall functional classification system. They allow access to individual homes, shops, and similar traffic destinations. Through traffic should be discouraged by using appropriate geometric designs and traffic control devices. Local streets in the Project Area are depicted on Figure XX. 8.2.3 Safety Analysis 8.2.4 Existing Transit Service and Facilities Paratransit Scheduled Transit The only transit facility in Edina is the Southdale Transit Center. This is part of the Southdale Shopping Mall. It includes a covered shelter area with route/schedule information. The Southdale Transit Center is one of the busier transit centers in the Twin Cities, with eight transit lines which stop and link at this location. There are also 100 parking spaces at a park-and-ride lot at this location. Scheduled transit service for Edina residents is currently provided Metro Transit (a division of the Metropolitan Council) and by Southwest Metro Transit. The existing scheduled service to Edina residents is depicted on Figure Xx and summarized on Table Xx, below. Route Number Service Route/Area Service Description 6 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), Uptown, downtown Minneapolis, University of Minnesota High frequency local service, all day/evening, all week; 5-15 minute headways 46 Edina (includes 50th/France), south Minneapolis, St Paul Local service all day/evening, all week: 30- 60 minute headways 114 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), south Minneapolis, Uptown University of Minnesota Commuter/student service during a.m. and p.m. rush hours, weekdays 146 Edina (Vernon Ave.), southwest Minneapolis, downtown Minneapolis Commuter express (I-35W) service during a.m. and p.m. rush hours, weekdays 152 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), Lake Street, University of Minnesota Commuter/student express (1-3 5W)service during a.m. and p.m. rush hours, weekdays 515 Edina (Includes Southdale Transit Center), Richfield, South Minneapolis, Bloomington (includes Mall of America), Veterans Metical Center (alternate route) Local service, all day/evening, all week; 10- 30 minute headways 538 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), Bloomington (includes Mall of America) Local service, all day/evening, all week; 30- 60 minute headways 539 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), Bloomington (includes Normandale Community College, Mall of America) Local service, all day/evening, all week; 30- 60 minute headways 540 Edina, Richfield (includes Best Buy Headquarters), Bloomington (includes Mall of America) Local service, all day/evening, all week; 15- 30 minute headways during a.m./p.m. rush hours, otherwise 30-60 minute headways 568 Downtown Minneapolis, south Minneapolis, Edina, Minnetonka Weekdays only, one a.m. run from Minneapolis to (Opportunity Partners) Opportunity Partners; one p.m. run from Opportunity Partners to Minneapolis 578 Edina (includes Southdale Transit Center), downtown Minneapolis Commuter express service (TH 62 and 1-35W) during a.m. and p.m. rush hours 587 Edina, downtown Minneapolis Commuter express service (TH 100 and 1-394) during a.m. and p.m. rush hours, weekdays 631 (Southwest Metro Transit) Chanhassen, Eden Prairie, Edina (Southdale transit Center) Weekday service, morning through evening; approximately 10 runs per day each direction Note: all routes are Metro Transit with the exception of 631, which is Southwest Metro Transit. 8.2.5 Non-Motorized Transportation Bicycle Facilities The existing Bicycle facilities are depicted on Figure Xx. 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({.I= J Li 4,1 1: YLJ r- - • 4 Fl l e : K \0 1 6 8 6 - 03 \ G I S 1 M a p s1TA Z. mx d. Ap r 18 , 2 0 0 7 4 s, .* - —1=i; n .7. .7. •Ti ' - 78TH'ST - 611:1,,%.,,e. Legend Transportation Analysis Zones r Transportation Analysis Zones (TAZ) City of Edina, MN Edi na Boundary 0 1,500 3,000 w Feet WSB & Associates, Ma. Adjusted Edina Household Projections by TAZ, 2030 TAZ ID # 1,504 HH Projection 2000-2030 Percent of Projected HH Increase Per TAZ 2,504 HH Projection 2000-2030 Percent of Projected HH Increase Per TAZ 327* 937 1% 945 2% 512* 616 2% 636 2% 513 2,039 2% 2,059 2% 514 310 20% 509 20% 515 1,044 2% 1,064 2% 516 1,015 1% 1,023 2% 517* 484 2% 504 2% 518 1,963 23% 2,192 23% 519 723 1% 731 2% 520 1,240 5% 1,290 5% 521 1,299 5% 1,349 5% 522 965 1% 975 1% 523 1,998 1% 2,008 1% 524 1,976 1% 1,984 1% 525 698 5% 748 5% 526 534 2% 542 3% 527 1,297 1% 1,297 1% 528 1,180 1% 1,190 1% 529 638 2% 646 3% 530 170 6% 178 10% 531 598 2% 606 3% 532 1,168 1% 1,176 2% 533 358 20% 557 20% 534 30 2% 50 2% 535* 12 83% 20 90% 536 1,482 1% 1,490 1% 537 54 19% 62 29% 542* 0 NA 0 NA 544* 0 NA 0 NA 594* 1,563 1% 1,571 1% Source: Metropolitan Council, City of Edina, URS Note: 13 TAZs (in bold) were allocated 90% of total Metro Council projected household growth (2000-2030) for the city on the assumption that residential growth would predominantly occur in these TAZs. The other TAZs were allocated the remaining 10% of the city's projected household increase. The Metro Council projected that the number of households in Edina would increase by 1,504. We recommend using a range of between 1,504 and about 2,500 to account for differences in household size. This table used 2,504 households as the projected increase because it evenly distributed households in the TAZs allocated 10% of the household increase. * Denotes TAZ that is not entirely within city boundaries. 1 Adjusted Edina Population Projections by TAZ, 2030 TAZ ID # Total Population for 1,504 HH Projection Total Population for 2,504 HH Projection 327* 2,136 2,155 5/2* 887 916 513 2,936 2,965 5/4 446 733 5/5 1,503 1,532 516 2,314 2,332 517* 1,104 1,149 518 2,827 3,156 519 1,648 1,667 520 2,828 2,941 521 2,962 3,076 522 2,200 2,223 523 4,556 4,578 524 4,505 4,524 525 1,592 1,705 526 1,218 1,236 527 2,957 2,957 528 2,690 2,713 529 1,455 1,473 530 388 406 531 1,363 1,382 532 2,663 2,681 533 515 802 534 43 72 535* 27 46 536 3,379 3,397 537 123 141 542* 0 0 544* 0 0 594* 3,564 3,582 Source: Metropolitar 54,831 56,540 Note: In general, estimated 2030 population by TAZ was calculated by multiplying the 2030 household projection by the Metro Council estimated 2020 average household size (2.28). The TAZs in bold and italics are expected to be predominantly multi-family; therefore the 2030 household projections were multiplied by the average 2000 Census multi-family household size (1.44) to achieve their projected populations. * Denotes TAZ that is not entirely within city boundaries. Adjusted Edina Employment Projections by TAZ, 2030 TAZ ID # Retail Non-Retail Total Adjusted 2030 Employment 2000-2030 Percent Change Per TAZ 327* 109 553 662 77.0% 512* 650 3,184 3,834 10.4% 513 2,525 2,525 5,050 7.6% 514 2,420 3,630 6,050 4.1% 515 840 3,960 4,800 81.1% 516 24 55 79 0.0% 517* 1,331 11,201 12,532 44.0% 518 200 4,300 4,500 28.4% 519 400 2,900 3,300 22.6% 520 50 750 800 13.8% 521 320 960 1,280 3.3% 522 350 830 1,180 5.1% 523 255 1,395 1,650 1.0% 524 41 639 680 0.0% 525 360 780 1,140 7.4% 526 8 173 181 0.0% 527 0 1,340 1,340 3.6% 528 50 1,650 1,700 11.5% 529 10 60 70 11.1% 530 0 363 363 0.0% 531 0 91 91 0.0% 532 0 135 135 0.0% 533 1,988 11,263 13,250 6.4% 534 50 5,066 5,116 15.4% 535* 101 4,184 4,285 9.3% 536 16 239 255 0.0% 537 100 1,708 1,808 62.6% 542* 82 8,003 8,085 -18.7% 544* 77 4,983 5,060 -1.7% 594* 226 10,974 11,200 -1.2% Source: Metropolitan Council, City of Edina, URS Note: This employment projection is based on the assumption that 7 predominantly residential TAZs (in bold) would not sustain any increase in employment and that one TAZ (#518) would gain 1,000 fewer jobs than the Met Council projected, given residential development initiatives in that TAZ. Several TAZs (in italics) have an adjusted retail/non-retail job mix to account for possible changes in land use due to the Land Use Plan. This employment projection would result in a total of 7,042 jobs for TAZs entirely within city boundaries. * Denotes TAZ not entirely within city boundaries. r r Li - tr; I r I' n I 'J 1) 1 i I 1 . r 1" cr.,3 a : i i r v r 3 i Meadowbrook La< f 1 3 -4 i 3 1 r c:-... Maloney Avi r 0 r. 7, r , s rr - [ r rk. 0 r r r r 3 a) 3 t° r r 3 Ili 3 . Jr, r ' en4-6-r-r-F--i. 1-1/ r j-f o(vheaci Ir,Oe Fr -93 , :ochantleatl Lake I r, r W _4th S o r/ o r Roadway Hierarchy MEM Primary Thoroughfare Residential Thoroughfare Business Thoroughfare 414 Transit Shuttle _150th & France 1Streetscape 3 W 58th\St 3 / r r r r r § rtovvn r r r 4 r T.-r-r-r-r-rr-r-r.r. .....1.- eilotit yrr-rrr-tr.L.), < rrrrr Regional Highways Potential Gateway Locations Proposed Regional Trail BraiOnery3,1yd 0 I o. r ct\ ri rr4r9r4rrrr.-rrit'141".rt-rri9crr "" rr.st ' I IJ t.J jf II 'Dr r rrr9=i r-of Nnie r r rr- ir r ANDEPSON t- I Miles • 0 0.5 Community Design Roadway Hierarchy - Proposed 66th Street Streetscape CAL Hall% URS 7/27/2007 Edina 2008 Comprehensive Plan Update: Draft Land Use Plan Categories Brief Summary of Draft Land Use Categories: Little change is proposed for neighborhood or low density residential areas. In general, this draft land use plan emphasizes the integration of compatible uses to provide development flexibility to meet the changing needs of Edina residents. Revisions since the previous version are underlined. Relationship to Zoning: Land use categories are not zoning districts, but they should have some relationship to existing or future zoning districts. (However, only the lower-density residential and the "Neighborhood Center" categories in the table correspond to the City's current zoning districts.) Note that each land use category may ultimately be implemented through more than one zoning district, allowing for minor differences in height, coverage, etc. Residential Categories Description, Land Uses** Density / Intensity Low Density Residential Largely post-war single-family development with a typically 'suburban' character, typified by curvilinear streets, houses with longer dimension parallel to street, and attached garages. Secondary uses: institutional (schools, churches, etc.) Height: 2.5 stories 3-4 units/acre Similar to existing R-1 zoning Massing standards (under development) and impervious coverage limitations would apply Include limited single-family attached development at similar densities? Neighborhood Residential Largely pre-war single-family development characterized by gridded street pattern, houses oriented with shorter dimension to the street and detached garages, sometimes with alleys. Height: 2.5 stories 3-5 units/acre Differs from LDR primarily in lot area, setbacks Similar to existing R-1 zoning Massing standards (under development) and impervious coverage limitations would apply Include limited single-family attached development at similar densities? Medium-Density Residential Applicable to current "two- family" zoning districts that could be opened up to more contemporary housing types, with careful transitions to surrounding low-density areas. Height: 3 stories/40 feet 4-10 units/acre Major questions relate to mapping of this category, given the 1-lot depth of existing two-family zoning pattern. Needs careful handling of transitions to low- density residential - buffering, etc. *To reach maximum FAR, structured or underground parking would be required ** Open space and parkland would be considered an allowed use in any land use category — may be a requirement in large projects 7/27/2007 Primary uses: Attached housing (townhouses, etc.) stacked flats Secondary: Limited office use, institutional uses (schools, churches, etc.) High-Density Residential Applicable to existing "high- rise" and other concentrated multi-family residential. Primary uses: Multifamily housing Secondary: Limited office, service uses Height: 2 - 10 stories? (need to look at existing building heights, assess potential for redevelopment) Several planning categories to recognize gradations of density/height? Zoning districts? Provide incentives for updating older multifamily buildings? (Many are well- designed and maintained). Improve pedestrian and transit environment where needed. Mixed Use Categories Description, Land Uses** Density / Intensity Development Guidelines Neighborhood Center Examples: 0 Morningside commercial core 0 • Valleyview/Wooddale, 70th Et Cahill Small- to moderate scale commercial, serving primarily the adjacent neighborhood(s) Primary uses: Neighborhood- serving retail; offices, studios or housing above retail. Secondary uses: Residential - attached or low-rise multifamily Height: will differ by area: Building footprints generally less than 20,000 sq. ft. (less for individual storefronts); larger stores with liner buildings; parking is less prominent than pedestrian features. Generally a 'node' rather than a 'corridor' Morningside: 1.5 to 3 stories Other centers: 1.5 to 4 stories? FAR: 1.0* Office-Residential No current examples in City, Transitional areas between higher-intensity districts and residential districts. Long- Height: 1.5 to 3 stories FAR: 1.0* Upgrade existing streetscape and building appearance, improve pedestrian and transit environment. Potential examples: 0 Parts of north France Ave. * Edges of industrial area? e Highway 169 northwest corridor 0 Pentagon Park area and range transition from existing highway-oriented commercial. Primary uses: Offices, attached or low-rise multifamily Secondary uses: Limited retail and service uses, limited production other 1-494 corridor locations *To reach maximum FAR, structured or underground parking would be required ** Open space and parkland would be considered an allowed use in any land use category — may be a requirement in large projects 7/27/2007 Mixed-Use Center Examples: e 50th and France 0 Grandview Established or emerging mixed use districts serving areas larger than one neighborhood (and beyond city boundaries), Primary uses: Retail, office, service, multifamily residential, institutional uses. Height: 1 to 4 stories FAR: 1.5* Similar to existing PCD-2 zoning district Maintain existing pedestrian and streetscape amenities; structured parking. Buildings "step down" in height from primary intersections. General Mixed Use Example: Existing Cahill industrial area (with The broadest range of mixed uses, including employment (limited industrial, office), commercial, and residential uses, with performance standards to ensure compatibility. Includes areas in transition from exclusively industrial uses; "big box" Height: 1-5 stories 58 Pedestrian circulation and open space amenities should be provided for larger sites. Consider open space amenities, transit facilities, connectivity of larger redevelopment sites. Buildings "step down" at stories; 3-4 stories adjacent to residential exception of Neighborhood FAR: 1.5* Center node) boundaries with lower-density uses discouraged. districts. Community Activity Center Example: Greater Southdale area (not including existing multi-family complexes) The most intense district in terms of uses, height and coverage. Primary uses: Retail, office, lodging, entertainment and residential uses, combined or in separate buildings, Secondary uses: Institutional, recreational uses Height: 2 - 8 - 12? stories Form-based design standards for building placement, massing and street-level treatment. Buildings should be placed FAR: 2.0* (8 stories at a 2.0 FAR would occupy IA of the tot) Current zoning - height limit is determined by setbacks and location - 4 or 18 stories Are taller buildings acceptable in certain areas? (Compare to existing buildings) close to streets to create pedestrian scale. Buildings "step down" at boundaries with lower-density districts and upper stories "step back" from street. More stringent design standards for buildings > 5 stories. Emphasize pedestrian circulation; re-introduce finer-grained street grid. * To reach maximum FAR, structured or underground parking would be required ** Open space and parkland would be considered an allowed use in any land use category — may be a requirement in large projects 7/27/2007 Commercial Corridor Suggest deleting this category Examples: 1-494 corridor (is not shown on attached draft map) and rather using the Office Residential category. *To reach maximum FAR, structured or underground parking would be required ** Open space and parkland would be considered an allowed use in any land use category — may be a requirement in large projects UR S C o r p or a tio n Legend 11= CAC - Community Activity Center GMU - General Mixed Use HDR - High Density Residential LDR - Low Density Residential OR - Office Residential Open Space Institutional MDR - Medium Density Residential MXC - Mixed-Use Center I= NC - Neighborhood Center NR - Neighborhood Residential P r 169 't •f• •44,4" tzwor7 trirgmri FrEMPAr 6 - Up to n A v e S teL Xit — I LIE;stItelT ,t < rp,..1:116 *- " AW! 68th St fov I _ .17%!Tii4 n datj__ r, • - - x:pitti; W 66thl -§-t) LI I ., ' ••'t---4 LE i I r..1140 : 6 -n .•11"-.1i4r2 Deviy:HillRe2 :1 Fr T1,.. K. 'o'i.6i.a i !• • .1•"7r-r.7.4•1 ..1 Xdfv30•i'd95 ':.-- L' i i't 2 I itr 41 : L. .., .7: - Et I or-6 r9.4 3 tt,lpS we 7,6 til)§7,. I .411 .1... 6; ff;TThisPt a • n .g W 7,8thzSJ, ct_ W 80th St W 78th St W 80thc.Sf . P City of Edina 2008 Comprehensive Plan Update Conceptual Land Use Plan May 2007 Data Source: Met Council Generalized Land Use, 2005 0 0 0.5 Miles Community Design In order for Edina to remain economically competitive, attractive to residents, businesses, and visitors, and sustainable, our community must be more than functionally responsive. Edina must also be beautiful, vibrant, safe, inclusive, and promote active living. The principles and guidelines in this chapter will help our City achieve this vision by focusing on the design of the built environment and the natural environment. The community design principles apply to both City actions and private sector development. The City is responsible for designing, maintaining and improving its streets, parks, public buildings and other public spaces. The private sector is encouraged to design buildings, structures and landscape features that complement and support the public realm and fit within the context of the surrounding neighborhoods or districts. This chapter is organized into two broad sections: principles with citywide applicability and principles that apply more specifically to certain neighborhoods, districts and corridors. Citywide Principles and Guidelines Movement Patterns and Public Spaces The design of the public realm, comprising the City's streets, parks, trails, paths and public spaces, should express community identity, encourage an interactive community social life, and foster a sense of welcome to visitors. Principles 1. Design public open and green linkages that bring both amenity and positive image to neighborhoods, corridors, and business precincts. 2. Design public streets to serve not only vehicles but also pedestrians, people with mobility aids, and bicycles, balancing the spatial needs of existing and future users within the right-of-way. Address both mobility and recreational needs and opportunities. 3. Create walkable streets that foster an active public life; streets that are energized by their proximity to a vibrant mix of activity-generating uses. 4. Preserve and make accessible natural areas and features as part of a comprehensive open space network. 5. Create and promote environments that make it safe and convenient for people to integrate physical activity into their daily routines. 6. Recognize and integrate Edina's historic landscape features, such as its stone walls and gateways, into the design and redesign of streets, paths and pedestrian ways. 7. Promote a clear hierarchy of street types of distinctive and differentiated character that are defined by landscape and pedestrian amenities as well as adjacent buildings. 8. Within larger redevelopment sites, promote a fine-grained and interconnected network of local streets and paths, encouraging pedestrian circulation and providing a choice of access points. 9. Within corridors served by existing or planned transit, orient buildings toward sidewalks and paths that lead to mixed use destinations and transit stops. 1 Corndors 10. Design building entrances that open up and link directly to sidewalks and pedestrian and bike paths. 11. Open space within new development should be attractive, interesting, comfortable, and functional for pedestrians. Guidelines 1. A Planned Hierarchy of Thoroughfares. Identify and designate through design treatments specific city streets as primary thoroughfares, designed to connect activity centers while integrating green space and pedestrian / bicycle elements wherever feasible. The proposed hierarchy of street types shown in Figure illustrates one potential approach to a citywide system of this type. Three major thoroughfare types are identified: • Primary Thoroughfare: This classification denotes a centrally-located street that serves multiple functions. In Figure only France Avenue south of Highway 62 is shown in this category. France Avenue is the central 'spine of the Greater Southdale district, identified in the Land Use Plan as the City's primary regional activity center. The evolution of France Avenue from its current automobile-dominated character to a more attractive and balanced design is discussed later in this chapter under "Area-Specific Guidelines." • Residential Thoroughfares: Many of the City's major thoroughfares run through largely residential neighborhoods, including Vernon Avenue, Interlachen Boulevard and north France Avenue. Access points along some streets are limited, while others have many intersecting driveways. Mature trees, stone walls and gateways and other landscape elements give many of these streets an attractive character. Any improvements to these roads should be designed to maintain landscape character and improve bike and pedestrian facilities while continuing to limit the number of access points. • Business District Thoroughfares: This category includes streets that serve commercial and office centers and corridors. The design and character of these streets vary widely. Potential improvements should emphasize pedestrian amenities and landscape improvements, while consolidating access points to businesses. Figure also shows locations where the City has invested in significant streetscape improvements, including 50th and France, Eden Avenue and 66th Street. 2. A Planned Bicycle Circulation System. Plan and implement a city-wide system of on-street and off-street bike lanes and trails that link residents to key activity centers and 2 regional trails. Specific recommendations for this system will be developed as part of the Bike Edina planning effort. 3. Open Space Transitions. Provide and protect green space as a transition between incompatible land uses, along major transportation corridors, and as buffers protecting waterways, trails and recreation facilities. Encourage the design of green space on private property to complement design of the public realm. 4. Open Space Networks. Use public and semi-public open space as a citywide network fostering activity and civic life. This system should include parks, trail corridors, informal greenways, the Minnehaha and Nine Mile Creek valleys, and local streets that complement major thoroughfares and may be better suited to pedestrian and bicycle circulation. 5. Gateways. Identify and develop gateways to identify neighborhoods, thoroughfares and business districts. Gateway elements should include a lighting, signage, street furniture and public art, in combination with other streetscape improvements. Many of these elements are already present in districts such as 50th and France, Eden Avenue/Grandview Square, and 70th and Cahill. 3 Built Form As a largely developed city, Edina's future growth will be built on infill and redevelopment sites and will need to fit in, respecting and improving the character of surrounding areas. On large sites, in redevelopment areas, and in other areas whose physical contexts are no longer appropriate, new planning contexts will need to be created to ensure that each new development in these areas adds up to more than the sum of its parts. Principles 1. Design buildings to provide human scale, interest and variety. Encourage a fine grain of building massing, heights, materials and details that will support a pedestrian- scaled streetscape 2. Recognize that diverse architectural styles can be employed to achieve city-building goals. 3. Locate and orient buildings to fit with their existing and/or planned context by framing and complementing adjacent streets, parks and open spaces. 4. Locate and orient vehicle parking, vehicular access, service areas and utilities to minimize their visual impact on the property and on adjacent/surrounding properties, without compromising the safety and attractiveness of adjacent streets, parks, and open spaces. Guidelines 1. Buildings Frame the Street. Building heights should effectively define the street and visually narrow it. In general, the wider the street, the taller the buildings should be to define the street, although the need for transitions (see below) may reduce height. 2. Height Transitions.. Taller buildings should step down to provide a height transition to surrounding residential buildings, including buildings across a street or pathway. 3. Façade Articulation. Primary facades should be designed with a well-defined base, middle and top, providing visual interest at ground level. Building entries and access points should be clearly visible from the primary street. Long building facades should be divided into smaller increments using contrasting materials, textures, detailing, setbacks or similar techniques. 3. Transparency and Natural Surveillance. Building forms and facades should provide an awareness of the activity within the buildings through frequent doors and windows oriented toward public streets and open space. 4. Variety of Building Forms. Encourage an integrated mix of building types, heights and footprints within blocks, rather than single buildings or building groups. '67J, " .1( 4 Local Scale: Character Districts The starting point for this section is an understanding of the City's historical development patterns and existing character. Historical development is discussed in Chapter . The manner in which the City evolved from rural village to streetcar suburb to postwar planned community allows us to define a series of character districts: neighborhoods, commercial nodes and districts or corridors that share a distinctive identity based on their built form, street design, landscape elements and other features, sometimes including prevalent architectural styles. Character districts are broadly delineated in Figure and described below. It should be recognized that the 'boundaries between these districts are often quite indistinct and that many districts share common features or elements. Principles and guidelines for character districts are described in the next section of this chapter. This section also includes specific guidance for a few geographically defined areas where redevelopment is most likely to occur, such as the Greater Southdale district. Residential Character Districts Traditional Neighborhood The oldest areas of suburban development, built in the early 20th century in what was then a largely agricultural village, served by streetcar lines to Hopkins and Lake Harriet - Minneapolis. Areas are centered in and around the formerly independent village of Morningside, the 50th and France commercial district, and the West Minneapolis Heights and Mendelssohn subdivisions bordering the streetcar line in northwest Edina. Characteristics: straight streets, smaller blocks and relatively smaller lots than in later development. Most streets have sidewalks. Bungalow styles are common in the Morningside area. West Minneapolis Heights contains a variety of vernacular Midwest styles, combined with significant numbers of postwar homes. Garages, where present, are usually detached and served by side yard drives or (rarely) alleys. 5 Garden Suburb Planned communities designed to provide high standards of services, amenities and maintenance for upper-class residents. The County Club District is a nationally recognized example of this type, developed by realtor Samuel Thorpe beginning in 1924 on 300 acres in the old Edina Mills community. The district was designed by landscape architects Morell and Nichols with contoured streets, shade trees, parks and landscaped open space, adjacent to the Edina Country Club golf course. Building restrictions covered all aspects of architectural style, siting and property maintenance, as well as racial and ethnic restrictions. While the Country Club District is a historic district with defined boundaries, two nearby areas share similar characteristics: the Sunny'slope area west of Minnehaha Creek and the Interlachen area, (Rolling Green and Hilldale) built adjacent to that country club. Both areas have larger lots than the Country Club District but similar street layouts. Common characteristics: mature trees, regular building setbacks and massing, similar historical revival architectural styles (i.e., American Colonial, English Tudor, French Colonial). Curvilinear street pattern punctuated by landscaped triangles and islands at intersections. The Country Club District has sidewalks and generous boulevards; the other areas do not. The Interlachen area is characterized by larger lots, larger homes and proportionally more green space. 6 Postwar Housing makes up the largest component of the City's housing stock, with about 85% of all units built after 1950. Street patterns in postwar neighborhoods vary widely, from a loosely rectilinear or contoured grid (one that often predated the housing) to an almost circular grouping focused on an internal park (i.e., Brookview Heights). Postwar Traditional housing is typified by the Cape Cod and Rambler styles, split-level. Garages, where present, may be detached or attached but recessed behind the primary façade. These districts are located primarily in the northern half of the city. Street patterns are generally a loosely organized grid, but become more curvilinear in areas west of Hanson Road. Sidewalks are uncommon. "By the 1950s, the influence of Frank Lloyd Wright's prairie style horizontal roofs and functional "Usonian" houses had filtered down to the developers' vernacular. ... Many Edina houses of this era are well-crafted with stone exterior elements, hardwood floors and plaster walls." Edina Massing Study Postwar Contemporary housing includes a more diverse and eclectic mix of architectural styles, collectively termed "Pastoral Modern" in the Edina Massing Study. Homes are oriented with the long axis parallel to the street (like the earlier rambler style), and lots tend to be wider than in older neighborhoods. Garages tend to be attached and front-loaded. Mature vegetation gives these neighborhoods a settled character. 7 Duplexes were located along more heavily- traveled streets (France Avenue, 70th Street) as a transitional element, apparently in order to buffer the single-family housing from traffic while perhaps providing more affordable housing options. Postwar Garden Revival is a term used to describe one specific district: the Indian Hills neighborhood and vicinity north of the Braemar Park golf course in the city's hilly southwest quadrant. This area is similar to the earlier Interlachen area in that streets wind around the steep contours, lots are large, and a high proportion of trees have been retained. Multifamily Concentrations. Multifamily housing, including townhouse complexes and condominium or rental buildings, tends to be clustered in specific districts or enclaves close to major thoroughfares and often in proximity to parks and shopping districts. Building size, scale, style and • materials vary greatly among these developments. One common element is an emphasis on landscaping, often as a buffer from adjoining roads or surrounding development. 8 Residential Community Design Issues and Guidelines Issue 1: Teardown and Infill Construction. The primary issue that has recently drawn attention not only in Edina but in other cities throughout the Metro area is that of building massing and compatibility, particularly in the case of "teardown" construction, which can be broadly defined as construction resulting from demolitions, partial demolitions, and large- scale additions.' New housing is often significantly larger than existing adjacent housing, particularly in small-lot neighborhoods, and can appear to visually overwhelm these homes, block views or cast shadows on them. The recent Edina Massing Study (August 2006) examined this issue and various options pursued by other cities. Indicators of teardown pressure — a lot where a smaller house was demolished; large-scale new construction and housing that appears out-of-scale with its neighbors. Recommended zoning changes proposed by planning staff included the following actions: • Measuring building height from existing grade, to prevent builders from filling in around a foundation to meet a maximum height requirement; • A sliding scale of side yard setback requirements to slightly increase separation between houses; • Eliminating the practice of allowing bay windows to encroach three feet into setbacks. The following additional techniques should be considered in addressing the issue of neighborhood context and compatibility: Guideline: Control the scale and massing of infill housing to make it reasonably compatible with established residences by using techniques such as: • a graduated scale, or floor area ratio that relates building size to lot size; • an impervious surface maximum to ensure that a reasonable percentage of each lot remains as green space, for aesthetics and stormwater management; • a requirement that limits the amount by which a new building can exceed the height of an adjacent building. Issue 2: Building and garage placement Many neighborhoods and individual blocks have an established pattern of building placement, spacing, landscape treatments, front yard setbacks and garage placement that combine to convey a particular neighborhood character. Based on City of Naperville, Illinois, Toolkit for Successful Redevelopment: A Guide to Building in Established Neighborhoods. See http://www.napervine.il.usidynamic_contentaspx?id=2282 9 For example, most garages in the City's older traditional neighborhoods are detached and located within the rear yard. While new construction is likely to vary from this pattern, some limits on the degree of variation may be appropriate in areas such as historic districts. For example, the following guidelines should be considered: Guidelines: • The width of front-loaded garages is limited so that they occupy no more than a defined percentage of the front façade; • Driveway width at the curb is limited; • Front-loaded garages may be required to meet the same setback as the rest of the front façade. These and similar techniques could be considered as part of a 'conservation overlay' option within the zoning code. Issue 3: Integration of higher-density housing in transitional areas. As mentioned above under "Postwar Contemporary Housing," duplexes were located along many major thoroughfares in Edina as a kind of buffer or transition to the adjacent single-family housing. Today this housing type is in need of updating or replacement in many locations, and high land and redevelopment costs create pressure for higher-density housing types. Townhouse complexes have been constructed in locations such as north France Avenue. The challenge is that in many locations the duplexes are only one lot deep, which makes it difficult to provide an adequate transition to single-family scale. The following guidelines broadly address the issue of integrating higher-density housing into lower-density neighborhoods. 10 Guidelines: Single-family characteristics. Attached and multifamily housing should emulate single- family housing in its basic architectural elements — pitched roofs, articulated facades, visible entrances, porches or balconies. Taller buildings should step down to provide a height transition to existing adjacent residential buildings. Level of formality. Design the front and back facades with appropriate levels of formality. The front, as the more public side of the house, will receive the more formal treatment, with the main entrance, porch or steps and landscaping, while trash/recycling storage, play equipment and outdoor storage should be located in the back. Semi-private transitional space. Adding a porch or elevating the front yard slightly above sidewalk grade and providing adequate landscaping all provide a sense of privacy for residents while allowing them to keep "eyes on the street." Provide opportunities for surveillance of shared outdoor areas such as streets, sidewalks and play areas from within the home. Parking to the rear. Where rear-loaded or detached garages predominate, parking spaces and garages should be located to the rear of the lot or interior of the block. If this is infeasible, garages should be recessed some distance behind the main façade of the house and surface parking should be placed within side yards to the extent feasible. Mechanical systems on all buildings should be positioned so they are not visible from the public view, unless they are an integral part of the architectural design (i.e. photovoltaic roof tiles). Solar panels, satellite dishes and air conditioning systems should be positioned to the back or side yard of the house, or screened by plantings or low walls. Garages and outbuildings should be designed in character with the primary residence on the site. When placed on an alley or lane, the design should contain windows that provide a view to the lane, for additional security. When attached, the garage elevation should not dominate the street elevation of the primary residence. 11 4F,41 Nonresidential/Mixed Use Character Districts Unlike the residential character districts discussed above, nonresidential and mixed-use districts have typically undergone many changes since their initial construction. Changing modes of transportation, consumer preferences and construction methods have caused these areas to become more diverse over time. Today certain districts have a distinct character defined by street patterns, building placement or architectural style, while others lack this coherence and can be viewed primarily as combinations of land uses. Many of these districts continue to evolve with changing market conditions. The land use plan in the previous section provides a basic template of preferred land uses and built form, including building height, for specific mixed-use districts. The guidelines in this section focus on common elements that create successful mixed-use districts by integrating a variety of uses in a visually coherent and walkable setting. Neighborhood Commercial Nodes include both the original village centers (Morningside) and the newer neighborhood shopping districts that developed at crossroads or edges of neighborhoods (Valleyview, 70th and Cahill). Other small commercial nodes such as 50th and France have now grown into larger mixed-use districts, discussed below. The Morningside district is characterized by small storefronts and other commercial buildings, one to two stories in height, directly abutting the sidewalk. It is a part of a larger district that spans the Minneapolis- Edina boundary; the Minneapolis side contains larger commercial buildings such as a grocery store, a nursery, and a newer strip mall. Parking in the Edina district is on- street or in a series of small lots behind buildings. The Valleyview and Wooddale commercial node consists of a cluster of one- and two- story multi-tenant commercial buildings set back from the street and surrounded by surface parking. Multifamily buildings on the south side of Valleyview are 3-4 stories and well-landscaped, with parking to the rear. 12 The 70th and Cahill commercial node includes two commercial building — a two- story office/retail building and a one-story strip mall. Both are set back from the street behind a wide landscaped buffer and separated by surface parking. Surrounding uses are one-story office/industrial buildings and both older and newer multi-family complexes. Mixed Use Centers began as smaller commercial nodes but have increased in size, scale and diversity to the point where they serve larger areas, from the community to the regional scale. They range in character from highly pedestrian-oriented to predominantly auto-oriented, although all benefited from open space enhancements. The 50th and France district originated as a small village center and streetcar terminus. With extensive public improvements, it has evolved to a highly pedestrian-oriented shopping district, part of a larger district that extends into Minneapolis. Structured parking has allowed existing multi-story commercial buildings to be fully utilized and new buildings to be added. The most recent phase of redevelopment is adding housing to the district in stacked flats and mixed-use residential/retail buildings. The Grandview district is in the process of evolving from a somewhat scattered auto- oriented commercial district to a more integrated mix of uses, with the addition of offices, multifamily housing and a combined library/senior center around a common green. Street patterns are disconnected, making wayfinding difficult. 13 14 • tripLw -41.1r, Fir The Greater Southdale Area is a regional retail and activity center, growing up around the Southdale Shopping Center and now encompassing substantial health care, office, entertainment and residential components. Its size, diversity and regional role make it unique within the City. It is characterized at present by a wide variety of low-rise to high- rise single-use buildings oriented toward surface parking, with some structured parking. The Centennial Lakes sub-area within this district is an innovative early example of a multi-use redevelopment centered around a chain of ponds and park. Open space is largely internal and not visible • from the street. Mixed-Use Corridors are located along or parallel to major thoroughfares (north France Avenue) or regional highways (1-494 and 169). North France Avenue combines small-lot single-family housing, duplexes, newer townhouse development and several small commercial nodes north of 58th Street. High traffic volumes have eroded the historically residential character of the street, although landscaping and sidewalks add pedestrian amenities. The 1-494 and 169 Corridors include a wide range of uses, often in isolation from one another or linked by somewhat confusing frontage road systems. The 1-494 corridor is an extension of Bloomington's office- dominated highway district, while the 169 corridor includes business parks, a small strip center, and multi-family housing. Industrial/Office Districts. One large district is centered on the north-south railroad line that parallels Highway 100, and includes a mix of office, service commercial and large scale industrial development. A second area parallels 1-494 south of 76th Street. Parcels are large and many are underutilized; there are few internal streets. Nonresidential and Mixed Use Design Issues and Guidelines Issue 1: Auto-Oriented Site Design. With the exception of the 50th and France and Morningside centers, Edina's commercial centers and nodes do not offer the same quality of site planning as is evident in the City's older residential neighborhoods. The focus is on attracting and catering to the interests of the customer arriving to the site in a private automobile. This site-design perspective has obvious consequences: surface parking is visually prominent, signage is designed to be legible at driving speeds, landscaping remains limited, and connectivity to surrounding uses is inconvenient or even dangerous for non- driving customers. Although in some cases, zoning requirements may have guided the placement of buildings within large expanses of parking, site plans are often lacking in landscaping and pedestrian amenities that could mitigate environmental and transportation-related impacts. When buildings are set within wide expanses of parking, customers and workers are discouraged from walking to nearby destinations, so travel for short trips is predominantly by car, further adding to traffic congestion. Guidelines: Landscaping. Provide visual screening and privacy to buffer cars from people, provide visual relief and allow stormwater infiltration in parking lots. Permeable hardscape, where appropriate, is preferred over blacktop or traditional paving. Vertical "living walls" (trellis, vine-covered fences) are preferable to materials that absorb and reflect heat. Parking. Evaluate current parking standards in order to encourage shared parking and minimize the visual impact of surface parking. • Encourage or require placement of surface parking to the rear or side of buildings, rather than between buildings and the street. • Consider applying a maximum parking ratio, for example, limiting surface parking to no more than 120% of the minimum parking requirement for the land uses. • Landscaping is essential to screen parking areas, buffer adjacent residential uses and create a pedestrian-friendly environment along streets. • Design surface parking to maximize stormwater infiltration and allow for groundwater recharge, using infiltration swales, pervious pavement or similar techniques. • Where vehicle parking requirements exist, implement minimum bicycle parking standards as well. • Design parking lots or structures so they can be shared by more than one building on the site or by buildings on neighboring sites. • Enhance the appearance of parking ramps by designing the structure with the possibility of the addition of liner buildings when development opportunities are ripe. • Use striping, curbs and landscape treatments, centralized walkway medians and islands, and textured paving to clearly 15 define walking spaces within parking areas and adjacent to vehicular circulation. • Use raised crossings, speed humps, and speed tables to discourage high traffic speeds in parking lots where pedestrian volumes are high. • Locate and screen service and loading areas to minimize their visibility from public streets and adjacent residential areas. Issue 2: Creating Successful Mixed Use Development. As described in the Land Use Plan section of this chapter, many of Edina's commercial, office and industrial districts are evolving towards a greater degree of mixed use. The land use plan encourages this evolution by defining land use categories that encourage combinations of compatible uses. Mixed use development allows for a savings in time and convenience for residents who choose to live in closer proximity to where they live, work, and shop. Community interest is served by this type of development, as the city is able to integrate additional residences and businesses more efficiently within existing city infrastructure. Pedestrian amenities and proximity of uses encourage more trips to be made by foot or bike, reducing the increase of congestion that can otherwise result from conventional development of separated land uses. The following guidelines are directed toward creating successful mixed use environments. (Also see the citywide standards for movement patterns, public spaces and built form earlier in this section.) Guidelines: Building Placement and Design. Building facades should form a consistent street wall that helps to define the street and enhance the pedestrian environment. On existing auto- oriented development sites, encourage placement of liner buildings close to the street to encourage pedestrian movement. • Locate prominent buildings to visually define corners and screen parking lots. • Locate building entries and storefronts to face the primary street, in addition to any entries oriented towards parking areas. • Encourage storefront design of mixed-use buildings at ground floor level, with windows and doors along at least 50% of the front façade. Movement Patterns. • Provide sidewalks along primary streets and connections to adjacent neighborhoods along secondary streets or walkways. • Limit driveway access from primary streets while encouraging access from secondary streets. • Encourage enhanced transit stops, including shelters, shade and seating where feasible. • Provide pedestrian amenities, such as wide sidewalks, street trees, pedestrian-scale lighting, and street furnishings (benches, trash receptacles, etc). 16 Appropriate Parking Standards. Mixed use developments often produce an internal capture rate. This refers to residents and workers who obtain goods and services from within the development without making additional vehicle trips. Parking ratios for mixed use development should reflect the internal capture rate and the shared parking opportunities this type of development offers. Issue 3: Street Connectivity in Large-scale Superblock Development. The development of large parcels as signature planned developments, such as Southdale Shopping Center, Edinborough or Centennial Lakes, has contributed significantly to Edina's identity and differentiation from comparable Metro area communities. However, one consequence of this type of development is an absence of street connectivity to surrounding neighborhoods and through the development itself. Instead, vehicular traffic is funneled onto a few local streets where capacity is often not adequate to meet the need. For instance, France and York Avenues bear a local traffic burden that could be better accommodated through a more diffuse street network. The "superblocks" created in the southeast quadrant of the city reshape traffic patterns and travel modes to discourage non-motorized transportation within the district and fracture linkages to surrounding residential neighborhoods. Guidelines Internal and external connectivity. As part of redevelopment or expansion of large-scale sites, reintroduce an internal local street and pathway network that connects through the site and to suitable entry points at the perimeter. The goal is to encourage pedestrians to reach the site and drivers upon arriving to continue all further movement by foot. As a result, the capacity of internal roads can be reduced and more area devoted to amenities, providing still more incentives to walk. Bicycle facilities should allow residents in surrounding neighborhoods to bike safely to the site. Transit stops should be provided in visible and central locations. Transitional uses. Moderately sized liner buildings should be encouraged to soften the edge of large-scale superblock development. Medium-density housing types such as townhouses combined with structured parking may also be an appropriate transitional use. 17 Mixed Use Case Study Site: Figure below provides an example of how the small commercial node at Woodale and Valleyview could be redeveloped as a mixed use site or series of sites. The conceptual design includes two three- and four-story mixed use buildings with retail at ground level and office or residential uses above and two multi-family buildings that could provide an increased customer base for retail and a transition to surrounding residential uses. A small outdoor plaza anchors one corner. Retail and office parking is located to the rear of the buildings; residential parking would be below-grade. Generous landscaping buffers existing single- family homes. 18 Light-rail transit has won over man of its opponents, including suburbanites, and business groups, who want a line to Eden prairie. But would they favor - a tax increase get it don Everything changed in local transit on June 26, 2004. That was the day trains on the Hiawatha light-rail line made their maiden run with "real" passengers in- stead of Metro Transit personnel and political digni- taries. It was the start of an unexpected success, as light-rail transit quickly destroyed .the ridership projections of even its champions. By February this year, riders had taken 21.4 million trips on the Hiawatha line. The average weekday rider- ship in 2006 was 28,150-14 percent higher than it was expected to be by 2020. "People accused us we were overprojecting ridership," recalls Hennepin County Commis- sioner Peter McLaughlin with an amused sigh. "Afterwards, when it was clear that the Hiawatha line was a huge success, the same people accused us of low-balling our projec- tions so that we'd look good." Even most of light rail's numerous naysayers got on board. "Now everyone wants a train," he says. A second light-rail line could be operating by 2014. The Central Corridor line would run between Minneapolis and St. Paul along University Avenue, and was expected to receive at least $40 million in a bonding bill this year, though that was vetoed on May 1. But there's also a third line that's gotten past the we-can-dream can't-we stage and into the realm of possibility. That route, tenta tively called the Southwest Corridor, would most likely run front downtown Minneapolis along a decommissioned railroad right-of way between Cedar Lake and Lake of the Isles, through Hopkins St. Louis Park, and Minnetonka, terminating in Eden Prairie. ThE exact route through Eden Prairie is still undecided, though the gen- erally preferred one—because of its proximity to business parks ark potential riders, and its greater opportunities for economic develop- ment—runs close to Interstate 494. (See map on page 43.) Until recently, the conventional wisdom was that public transit is for cities, where population densities are higher (and incomes are lower). But increased congestion, high gas prices, and the astonish- ing success of the Hiawatha line have made more suburbanites— and suburban business groups—more open to mass transit. Not just light rail, either, suburban transit advocates want more buses and dedicated bus rapid-transit routes to make commuting easier. But where will the money to fund more transit come from? That's one of the big battles that's been playing out in this year's session of the Minnesota Legislature. Governor Tim Pawlenty's transportation budget called for no new transit spending, except for bonding and money from a transportation amendment that passed last Novem- ber. Legislators this session proposed a region-wide sales-tax boost, which the governor promised to veto. With the added revenue, the Southwest Corridor could be finished by 2015; a veto would derail any plans to finish the line earlier than the 2020s. JUNE 2007 • TWIN CITIES BUSIt